Merge a14354ca4b into bd0cc3c212

Also changed the case values to use the client definitions.

.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+version.h

.github/workflows/check-builds.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+name: Check Builds
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+        - src/**
+        - vendor/**
+        - .github/workflows/check-builds.yaml
+        - CMakeLists.txt
+        - Makefile
+  pull_request:
+    types: ready_for_review
+    paths:
+        - src/**
+        - vendor/**
+        - CMakeLists.txt
+        - Makefile
+
+jobs:
+  ubuntu-build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Set environment
+        run: echo "SHORT_SHA=${GITHUB_SHA::7}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        shell: bash
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: sudo apt install clang cmake snap -y && sudo snap install powershell --classic
+      - name: Check compilation
+        run: |
+          $versions = "104", "728", "1013"
+
+          foreach ($version in $versions) {
+              Write-Output "Cleaning old output"
+              Invoke-Expression "make clean"
+              if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne "0") {
+                  Write-Error "make clean failed for version $version" -ErrorAction Stop
+              }
+              Write-Output "Building version $version"
+              Invoke-Expression "make -j8 PROTOCOL_VERSION=$version"
+              if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne "0") {
+                  Write-Error "make failed for version $version" -ErrorAction Stop
+              }
+              Rename-Item -Path "bin/fusion" -newName "$version-fusion"
+              Write-Output "Built version $version"
+          }
+          Copy-Item -Path "sql" -Destination "bin/sql" -Recurse
+          Copy-Item -Path "config.ini" -Destination "bin"
+        shell: pwsh
+      - name: Upload build artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'ubuntu20_04-bin-x64-${{ env.SHORT_SHA }}'
+          path: bin
+
+  windows-build:
+    runs-on: windows-2019
+    steps:
+      - name: Set environment
+        run: $s = $env:GITHUB_SHA.subString(0, 7); echo "SHORT_SHA=$s" >> $env:GITHUB_ENV
+        shell: pwsh
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Check compilation
+        run: |
+          $versions = "104", "728", "1013"
+          $configurations = "Release"
+          # "Debug" builds are disabled, since we don't really need them
+
+          $vsPath = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise"
+
+          Import-Module "$vsPath\Common7\Tools\Microsoft.VisualStudio.DevShell.dll"
+          Enter-VsDevShell -VsInstallPath $vsPath -SkipAutomaticLocation
+
+          Invoke-Expression "vcpkg install sqlite3:x64-windows"
+          Invoke-Expression "vcpkg integrate install"
+
+          foreach ($version in $versions) {
+              if (Test-Path -LiteralPath "build") {
+                  Remove-Item "build" -Recurse
+                  Write-Output "Deleted existing build folder"
+              }
+              Invoke-Expression "cmake -B build -DPROTOCOL_VERSION=$version -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake"
+              if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne "0") {
+                  Write-Error "cmake generation failed for version $version" -ErrorAction Stop
+              }
+              Write-Output "Generated build files for version $version"
+
+              foreach ($configuration in $configurations) {
+                  Write-Output "Building version $version $configuration"
+                  Invoke-Expression "msbuild build\OpenFusion.sln /maxcpucount:8 /p:BuildInParallel=true /p:CL_MPCount=8 /p:UseMultiToolTask=true /p:Configuration=$configuration"
+                  if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne "0") {
+                      Write-Error "msbuild build failed for version $version" -ErrorAction Stop
+                  }
+                  Rename-Item -Path "bin/$configuration" -newName "$version-$configuration"
+                  Write-Output "Built version $version $configuration"
+                  Copy-Item -Path "sql" -Destination "bin/$version-$configuration/sql" -Recurse
+                  Copy-Item -Path "config.ini" -Destination "bin/$version-$configuration"
+              }
+          }
+        shell: pwsh
+      - name: Upload build artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'windows-vs2019-bin-x64-${{ env.SHORT_SHA }}'
+          path: bin
+
+  copy-artifacts:
+    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [windows-build, ubuntu-build]
+    env:
+      BOT_SSH_KEY: ${{ secrets.BOT_SSH_KEY }}
+      ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.ENDPOINT }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - run: |
+          GITDESC=$(git describe --tags)
+          mkdir $GITDESC
+          echo "ARTDIR=$GITDESC" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.ARTDIR }}
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          sudo apt install zip -y
+          cd $ARTDIR
+          for build in *; do
+            cd $build
+            zip -r ../$build.zip *
+            cd ..
+            rm -r $build
+          done
+          cd ..
+          umask 077
+          printf %s "$BOT_SSH_KEY" > cdn_key
+          scp -i cdn_key -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -r $ARTDIR $ENDPOINT

.gitignore

@@ -16,3 +16,5 @@ build/
 version.h
 infer-out
 gmon.out
+*.bak
+

.vscode/launch.json

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+{
+    "version": "0.2.0",
+    "configurations": [
+        {
+            "name": "Debug (Linux)",
+            "type": "cppdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/fusion",
+            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Debug (Windows)",
+            "type": "cppvsdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/Debug/winfusion.exe",
+            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Release (Windows)",
+            "type": "cppvsdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/Release/winfusion.exe",
+            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
+        }
+    ]
+}

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ project(OpenFusion)
 
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
 
-execute_process(COMMAND git describe --tags OUTPUT_VARIABLE GIT_VERSION OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
+execute_process(COMMAND git describe --tags OUTPUT_VARIABLE GIT_VERSION OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+				WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR})
 
 # OpenFusion supports multiple packet/struct versions
 # 104 is the default version to build which can be changed
@@ -43,7 +44,10 @@ add_executable(openfusion ${SOURCES})
 
 set_target_properties(openfusion PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME ${BIN_NAME})
 
-target_link_libraries(openfusion sqlite3)
+# find sqlite3 and use it
+find_package(SQLite3 REQUIRED)
+target_include_directories(openfusion PRIVATE ${SQLite3_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+target_link_libraries(openfusion PRIVATE ${SQLite3_LIBRARIES})
 
 # Makes it so config, tdata, etc. get picked up when starting via the debugger in VS
 set_property(TARGET openfusion PROPERTY VS_DEBUGGER_WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}")
@@ -53,5 +57,5 @@ set_property(TARGET openfusion PROPERTY VS_DEBUGGER_WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_S
 # It's not something you should do, but it's there if you need it...
 if (NOT CMAKE_GENERATOR MATCHES "Visual Studio" AND NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC" AND NOT CMAKE_GENERATOR MATCHES "MinGW Makefiles")
 	find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
-	target_link_libraries(openfusion pthread)
+	target_link_libraries(openfusion PRIVATE pthread)
 endif()

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Both are pretty short reads and following them will get you up to speed with bra
 
 I will now cover a few examples of the complications people have encountered contributing to this project, how to understand them, overcome them and henceforth avoid them.
 
-## Dirty pull requests
+### Dirty pull requests
 
 Many Pull Requests OpenFusion receives fail to present a clean set of commits to merge.
 These are generally either:
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ If you read the above links, you'll note that this isn't exactly a perfect solut
 The obvious issue, then, is that the people submitting dirty PRs are the exact people who don't *know* how to rebase their fork to continue submitting their work cleanly.
 So they end up creating countless merge commits when pulling upstream on top of their own incompatible histories, and then submitting those merge commits in their PRs and the cycle continues.
 
-## The details
+### The details
 
 A git commit is uniquely identified by its SHA1 hash.
 Its hash is generated from its contents, as well as the hash(es) of its parent commit(s).
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Its hash is generated from its contents, as well as the hash(es) of its parent c
 That means that even if two commits are exactly the same in terms of content, they're not the same commit if their parent commits differ (ex. if they've been rebased).
 So if you keep issuing `git pull`s after upstream has merged a rebased version of your PR, you will never re-synchronize with it, and will instead construct an alternate history polluted by pointless merge commits.
 
-## The solution
+### The solution
 
 If you already have a messed-up fork and you have no changes on it that you're afraid to lose, the solution is simple:
 
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ If you do have some committed changes that haven't yet been merged upstream, you
 If you do end up messing something up, don't worry, it most likely isn't really lost and `git reflog` is your friend.
 (You can checkout an arbitrary commit, and make it into its own branch with `git checkout -b BRANCH` or set a pre-exisitng branch to it with `git reset --hard COMMIT`)
 
-## Avoiding the problem
+### Avoiding the problem
 
 When working on a changeset you want to submit back upstream, don't do it on the main branch.
 Create a work branch just for your changeset with `git checkout -b work`.
@@ -81,3 +81,34 @@ That way you can always keep master in sync with upstream with `git pull --ff-on
 Creating new branches for the rebase isn't strictly necessary since you can always return a branch to its previous state with `git reflog`.
 
 For moving uncommited changes around between branches, `git stash` is a real blessing.
+
+## Code guidelines
+
+Alright, you're up to speed on Git and ready to go. Here are a few specific code guidelines to try and follow:
+
+### Match the styling
+
+Pretty straightforward, make sure your code looks similar to the code around it. Match whitespacing, bracket styling, variable naming conventions, etc.
+
+### Prefer short-circuiting
+
+To minimize branching complexity (as this makes the code hard to read), we prefer to keep the number of `if-else` statements as low as possible. One easy way to achieve this is by doing an early return after branching into an `if` block and then writing the code for the other path outside the block entirely. You can find examples of this in practically every source file. Note that in a few select situations, this might actually make your code less elegant, which is why this isn't a strict rule. Lean towards short-circuiting and use your better judgement.
+
+### Follow the include convention
+
+This one matters a lot as it can cause cyclic dependencies and other code-breaking issues.
+
+FOR HEADER FILES (.hpp):
+- everything you use IN THE HEADER must be EXPLICITLY INCLUDED with the exception of things that fall under Core.hpp
+- you may NOT include ANYTHING ELSE
+
+FOR SOURCE FILES (.cpp):
+- you can #include whatever you want as long as the partner header is included first
+- anything that gets included by another include is fair game
+- redundant includes are ok because they'll be harmless AS LONG AS our header files stay lean.
+
+The point of this is NOT to optimize the number of includes used all around or make things more efficient necessarily. it's to improve readability & coherence and make it easier to avoid cyclical issues.
+
+## When in doubt, ask
+
+If you still have questions that were not answered here, feel free to ping a dev in the Discord server or on GitHub.

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+FROM debian:latest
+
+WORKDIR /usr/src/app
+
+RUN apt-get -y update && apt-get install -y \
+git \
+clang \
+make \
+libsqlite3-dev
+
+COPY . ./
+
+RUN make -j8
+
+# tabledata should be copied from the host;
+# clone it there before building the container
+#RUN git submodule update --init --recursive
+
+CMD ["./bin/fusion"]
+
+LABEL Name=openfusion Version=0.0.1

LICENSE.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 MIT License
 
-Copyright (c) 2020 Seth Stubbs
+Copyright (c) 2020-2023 OpenFusion Contributors
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal

Makefile

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ CC=clang
 CXX=clang++
 # -w suppresses all warnings (the part that's commented out helps me find memory leaks, it ruins performance though!)
 # If compiling with ASAN, invoke like this: $ LSAN_OPTIONS=suppressions=suppr.txt bin/fusion
-CFLAGS=-O3 #-g3 -fsanitize=address
-CXXFLAGS=-Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -std=c++17 -O2 -DPROTOCOL_VERSION=$(PROTOCOL_VERSION) -DGIT_VERSION=\"$(GIT_VERSION)\" -I./src -I./vendor #-g3 -fsanitize=address
-LDFLAGS=-lpthread -lsqlite3 #-g3 -fsanitize=address
+CFLAGS=-Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -O2 -fPIE -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1 -fstack-protector #-g3 -fsanitize=address
+CXXFLAGS=$(CFLAGS) -std=c++17 -DPROTOCOL_VERSION=$(PROTOCOL_VERSION) -DGIT_VERSION=\"$(GIT_VERSION)\" -I./src -I./vendor
+LDFLAGS=-lpthread -lsqlite3 -pie -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now #-g3 -fsanitize=address
 # specifies the name of our exectuable
 SERVER=bin/fusion
 
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ PROTOCOL_VERSION?=104
 # Windows-specific
 WIN_CC=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc
 WIN_CXX=x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++
-WIN_CFLAGS=-O3 #-g3 -fsanitize=address
-WIN_CXXFLAGS=-D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0601 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -std=c++17 -O3 -DPROTOCOL_VERSION=$(PROTOCOL_VERSION) -DGIT_VERSION=\"$(GIT_VERSION)\" -I./src -I./vendor #-g3 -fsanitize=address
-WIN_LDFLAGS=-static -lws2_32 -lwsock32 -lsqlite3 #-g3 -fsanitize=address
+WIN_CFLAGS=-O2 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0601 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas
+WIN_CXXFLAGS=$(WIN_CFLAGS) -std=c++17 -DPROTOCOL_VERSION=$(PROTOCOL_VERSION) -DGIT_VERSION=\"$(GIT_VERSION)\" -I./src -I./vendor
+WIN_LDFLAGS=-static -lws2_32 -lwsock32 -lsqlite3
 WIN_SERVER=bin/winfusion.exe
 
 # C code; currently exclusively from vendored libraries
@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@ CXXSRC=\
 	src/db/shard.cpp\
 	src/db/player.cpp\
 	src/db/email.cpp\
+	src/sandbox/seccomp.cpp\
+	src/sandbox/openbsd.cpp\
+	src/Buffs.cpp\
 	src/Chat.cpp\
 	src/CustomCommands.cpp\
 	src/Entities.cpp\
@@ -88,11 +91,13 @@ CXXHDR=\
 	src/servers/Monitor.hpp\
 	src/db/Database.hpp\
 	src/db/internal.hpp\
+	src/sandbox/Sandbox.hpp\
 	vendor/bcrypt/BCrypt.hpp\
 	vendor/INIReader.hpp\
 	vendor/JSON.hpp\
 	vendor/INIReader.hpp\
 	vendor/JSON.hpp\
+	src/Buffs.hpp\
 	src/Chat.hpp\
 	src/CustomCommands.hpp\
 	src/Entities.hpp\
@@ -139,7 +144,7 @@ windows : CXXFLAGS=$(WIN_CXXFLAGS)
 windows : LDFLAGS=$(WIN_LDFLAGS)
 windows : SERVER=$(WIN_SERVER)
 
-.SUFFIX: .o .c .cpp .h .hpp
+.SUFFIXES: .o .c .cpp .h .hpp
 
 .c.o:
 	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $<
@@ -148,7 +153,7 @@ windows : SERVER=$(WIN_SERVER)
 	$(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) -o $@ $<
 
 # header timestamps are a prerequisite for OF object files
-$(CXXOBJ): $(CXXHDR)
+$(CXXOBJ): $(HDR)
 
 $(SERVER): $(OBJ) $(CHDR) $(CXXHDR)
 	mkdir -p bin

README.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 <p align="center">
     <a href="https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/releases/latest"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion" alt="Current Release"></a>
-    <a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/OpenFusionProject/openfusion"><img src="https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion?svg=true" alt="AppVeyor"></a>
+    <a href="https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/actions/workflows/check-builds.yaml"><img src="https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/actions/workflows/check-builds.yaml/badge.svg" alt="Workflow"></a>
     <a href="https://discord.gg/DYavckB"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/chat-on%20discord-7289da.svg?logo=discord" alt="Discord"></a>
     <a href="https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/blob/master/LICENSE.md"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/license/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion" alt="License"></a>
 </p>
@@ -12,21 +12,32 @@ OpenFusion is a reverse-engineered server for FusionFall. It primarily targets v
 ## Usage
 
 ### Getting Started
+#### Method A: Installer (Easiest)
+1. Download the client installer by clicking [here](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/releases/download/1.4/OpenFusionClient-1.4-Installer.exe) - choose to run the file.
+2. After a few moments, the client should open: you will be given a choice between two public servers by default. Select the one you wish to play and click connect.
+3. To create an account, simply enter the details you wish to use at the login screen then click Log In. Do *not* click register, as this will just lead to a blank screen.
+4. Make a new character, and enjoy the game! Your progress will be saved automatically, and you can resume playing by entering the login details you used in step 3.
 
-1. Download the client from [here](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/releases/download/1.3/OpenFusionClient-1.3.zip).
+#### Method B: Standalone .zip file
+1. Download the client from [here](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/releases/download/1.4/OpenFusionClient-1.4.zip).
 2. Extract it to a folder of your choice. Note: if you are upgrading from an older version, it is preferable to start with a fresh folder rather than overwriting a previous install.
 3. Run OpenFusionClient.exe - you will be given a choice between two public servers by default. Select the one you wish to play and click connect.
 4. To create an account, simply enter the details you wish to use at the login screen then click Log In. Do *not* click register, as this will just lead to a blank screen.
 5. Make a new character, and enjoy the game! Your progress will be saved automatically, and you can resume playing by entering the login details you used in step 4.
 
+Instructions for getting the client to run on Linux through Wine can be found [here](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/wiki/Running-the-game-client-on-Linux).
+
 ### Hosting a server
 
-1. Grab `OpenFusionServer-1.3-original.zip` or `OpenFusionServer-1.3-academy.zip` from [here](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/releases/tag/1.3).
+1. Grab `OpenFusionServer-1.4-original.zip` or `OpenFusionServer-1.4-academy.zip` from [here](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/releases/tag/1.4).
 2. Extract it to a folder of your choice, then run `winfusion.exe` (Windows) or `fusion` (Linux) to start the server.
-3. Add a new server to the client's list: the default port is 23000, so the full IP with default settings would be 127.0.0.1:23000.
-4. Once you've added the server to the list, connect to it and log in. If you're having trouble with this, refer to steps 4 and 5 from the previous section.
+3. Add a new server to the client's list:
+    1. For Description, enter anything you want. This is what will show up in the server list.
+    2. For Server IP, enter the IP address and port of the login server. If you're hosting and playing on the same PC, this would be `127.0.0.1:23000`.
+    3. Lastly Game Version - select `beta-20100104` if you downloaded the original zip, or `beta-20111013` if you downloaded the academy zip.
+5. Once you've added the server to the list, connect to it and log in. If you're having trouble with this, refer to steps 4 and 5 from the previous section.
 
-If you want, [compiled binaries (artifacts) for each new commit can be found on AppVeyor.](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/OpenFusionProject/openfusion)
+If you want to run the latest development builds of the server, [compiled binaries (artifacts) for each functional commit can be found here.](http://cdn.dexlabs.systems/of-builds/)
 
 For a more detailed overview of the game's architecture and how to configure it, read the following sections.
 
@@ -72,7 +83,7 @@ This just works if you're all under the same LAN, but if you want to play over t
 
 ## Compiling 
 
-OpenFusion has one external dependency: SQLite. You can install it on Windows using `vcpkg`, and on Unix/Linux using your distribution's package manager. For a more indepth guide on how to set up vcpkg, [read this guide on the wiki](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/wiki/Installing-SQLite-on-Windows-using-vcpkg).
+OpenFusion has one external dependency: SQLite. The oldest compatible version is `3.33.0`. You can install it on Windows using `vcpkg`, and on Unix/Linux using your distribution's package manager. For a more indepth guide on how to set up vcpkg, [read this guide on the wiki](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/wiki/Installing-SQLite-on-Windows-using-vcpkg).
 
 You have two choices for compiling OpenFusion: the included Makefile and the included CMakeLists file.
 

appveyor.yml

@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-version: 'openfusion-{branch}-{build}'
-
-build_cloud: GCE us-east1-b n2-standard-8
-skip_branch_with_pr: true
-
-image:
-  - GCP-Windows-VS2019
-  - GCP-Linux-Ubuntu2004
-
-platform:
-  - x64
-
-configuration:
-  - Release
-  
-for:
--
-  matrix:
-    only:
-      - image: GCP-Linux-Ubuntu2004
-  build_script:
-    - ps: |
-        $versions = "104", "728", "1013"
-
-        foreach ($version in $versions) {
-            Write-Output "Cleaning old output"
-            Invoke-Expression "make clean"
-            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne "0") {
-                Write-Error "make clean failed for version $version" -ErrorAction Stop
-            }
-            Write-Output "Building version $version"
-            Invoke-Expression "make -j8 PROTOCOL_VERSION=$version"
-            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne "0") {
-                Write-Error "make failed for version $version" -ErrorAction Stop
-            }
-            Rename-Item -Path "bin/fusion" -newName "$version-fusion"
-            Write-Output "Built version $version"
-        }
-        Copy-Item -Path "sql" -Destination "bin/sql" -Recurse
-        Copy-Item -Path "config.ini" -Destination "bin"
-  artifacts:
-    - path: bin
-      name: ubuntu20_04-bin-x64
-      type: zip
--
-  matrix:
-    only:
-      - image: GCP-Windows-VS2019
-  install:
-    - cmd: vcpkg install sqlite3:x64-windows
-    - cmd: vcpkg integrate install
-  build_script:
-    - ps: |
-        $versions = "104", "728", "1013"
-        $configurations = "Release"
-        # "Debug" builds are disabled, since we don't really need them
-
-        # AppVeyor uses VS2019 Community
-        $vsPath = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community"
-
-        Import-Module "$vsPath\Common7\Tools\Microsoft.VisualStudio.DevShell.dll"
-        Enter-VsDevShell -VsInstallPath $vsPath -SkipAutomaticLocation
-
-        foreach ($version in $versions) {
-            if (Test-Path -LiteralPath "build") {
-                Remove-Item "build" -Recurse
-                Write-Output "Deleted existing build folder"
-            }
-            Invoke-Expression "cmake -B build -DPROTOCOL_VERSION=$version"
-            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne "0") {
-                Write-Error "cmake generation failed for version $version" -ErrorAction Stop
-            }
-            Write-Output "Generated build files for version $version"
-
-            foreach ($configuration in $configurations) {
-                Write-Output "Building version $version $configuration"
-                Invoke-Expression "msbuild build\OpenFusion.sln /maxcpucount:8 /p:BuildInParallel=true /p:CL_MPCount=8 /p:UseMultiToolTask=true /p:Configuration=$configuration"
-                if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne "0") {
-                    Write-Error "msbuild build failed for version $version" -ErrorAction Stop
-                }
-                Rename-Item -Path "bin/$configuration" -newName "$version-$configuration"
-                Write-Output "Built version $version $configuration"
-                Copy-Item -Path "sql" -Destination "bin/$version-$configuration/sql" -Recurse
-                Copy-Item -Path "config.ini" -Destination "bin/$version-$configuration"
-            }
-        }
-  artifacts:
-    - path: bin
-      name: windows-vs2019-bin-x64
-      type: zip

config.ini

@@ -5,12 +5,18 @@
 # 3 = print all packets
 verbosity=1
 
+# sandbox the process on supported platforms
+sandbox=true
+
 # Login Server configuration
 [login]
 # must be kept in sync with loginInfo.php
 port=23000
 # will all custom names be approved instantly?
 acceptallcustomnames=true
+# should attempts to log into non-existent accounts
+# automatically create them?
+autocreateaccounts=true
 # how often should everything be flushed to the database?
 # the default is 4 minutes
 dbsaveinterval=240

docker-compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+version: '3.4'
+
+services:
+  openfusion:
+    image: openfusion
+    build:
+      context: .
+      dockerfile: ./Dockerfile
+    ports:
+      - "23000:23000"
+      - "23001:23001"
+      - "8003:8003"

sql/migration3.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+    It is recommended in the SQLite manual to turn off
+    foreign keys when making schema changes that involve them
+*/
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN TRANSACTION;
+-- Change username column (Login) to be case-insensitive
+CREATE TABLE Temp (
+    AccountID    INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    Login        TEXT    NOT NULL UNIQUE COLLATE NOCASE,
+    Password     TEXT    NOT NULL,
+    Selected     INTEGER  DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,
+    AccountLevel INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    Created      INTEGER DEFAULT (strftime('%s', 'now')) NOT NULL,
+    LastLogin    INTEGER DEFAULT (strftime('%s', 'now')) NOT NULL,
+    BannedUntil  INTEGER DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
+    BannedSince  INTEGER DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
+    BanReason    TEXT    DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY(AccountID AUTOINCREMENT)
+);
+INSERT INTO Temp SELECT * FROM Accounts;
+DROP TABLE Accounts;
+ALTER TABLE Temp RENAME TO Accounts;
+-- Update DB Version
+UPDATE Meta SET Value = 4 WHERE Key = 'DatabaseVersion';
+UPDATE Meta SET Value = strftime('%s', 'now') WHERE Key = 'LastMigration';
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

sql/tables.sql

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Accounts (
     AccountID    INTEGER NOT NULL,
-    Login        TEXT    NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    Login        TEXT    NOT NULL UNIQUE COLLATE NOCASE,
     Password     TEXT    NOT NULL,
     Selected     INTEGER  DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,
     AccountLevel INTEGER NOT NULL,

src/Abilities.hpp

@@ -1,64 +1,112 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "Combat.hpp"
 
-typedef void (*PowerHandler)(CNSocket*, std::vector<int>, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int32_t, int16_t);
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "Player.hpp"
 
-struct NanoPower {
-    int16_t skillType;
-    int32_t bitFlag;
-    int16_t timeBuffID;
-    PowerHandler handler;
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <assert.h>
 
-    NanoPower(int16_t s, int32_t b, int16_t t, PowerHandler h) : skillType(s), bitFlag(b), timeBuffID(t), handler(h) {}
+const int COMBAT_TICKS_PER_DRAIN_PROC = 2;
+constexpr size_t MAX_SKILLRESULT_SIZE = sizeof(sSkillResult_BatteryDrain);
 
-    void handle(CNSocket *sock, std::vector<int> targetData, int16_t nanoID, int16_t skillID, int16_t duration, int16_t amount) {
-        if (handler == nullptr)
-            return;
-
-        handler(sock, targetData, nanoID, skillID, duration, amount, skillType, bitFlag, timeBuffID);
-    }
+enum class SkillType {
+    DAMAGE = 1,
+    HEAL_HP = 2,
+    KNOCKDOWN = 3, // uses DamageNDebuff
+    SLEEP = 4, // uses DamageNDebuff
+    SNARE = 5, // uses DamageNDebuff
+    HEAL_STAMINA = 6,
+    STAMINA_SELF = 7,
+    STUN = 8, // uses DamageNDebuff
+    WEAPONSLOW = 9,
+    JUMP = 10,
+    RUN = 11,
+    STEALTH = 12,
+    SWIM = 13,
+    MINIMAPENEMY = 14,
+    MINIMAPTRESURE = 15,
+    PHOENIX = 16,
+    PROTECTBATTERY = 17,
+    PROTECTINFECTION = 18,
+    REWARDBLOB = 19,
+    REWARDCASH = 20,
+    BATTERYDRAIN = 21,
+    CORRUPTIONATTACK = 22,
+    INFECTIONDAMAGE = 23,
+    KNOCKBACK = 24,
+    FREEDOM = 25,
+    PHOENIX_GROUP = 26,
+    RECALL = 27,
+    RECALL_GROUP = 28,
+    RETROROCKET_SELF = 29,
+    BLOODSUCKING = 30,
+    BOUNDINGBALL = 31,
+    INVULNERABLE = 32,
+    NANOSTIMPAK = 33,
+    RETURNHOMEHEAL = 34,
+    BUFFHEAL = 35,
+    EXTRABANK = 36,
+    CORRUPTIONATTACKWIN = 38,
+    CORRUPTIONATTACKLOSE = 39,
 };
 
-typedef void (*MobPowerHandler)(Mob*, std::vector<int>, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int32_t, int16_t);
+enum class SkillEffectTarget {
+    POINT = 1,
+    SELF = 2,
+    CONE = 3,
+    WEAPON = 4,
+    AREA_SELF = 5,
+    AREA_TARGET = 6
+};
 
-struct MobPower {
-    int16_t skillType;
-    int32_t bitFlag;
-    int16_t timeBuffID;
-    MobPowerHandler handler;
+enum class SkillTargetType {
+    MOBS = 1,
+    PLAYERS = 2,
+    GROUP = 3
+};
 
-    MobPower(int16_t s, int32_t b, int16_t t, MobPowerHandler h) : skillType(s), bitFlag(b), timeBuffID(t), handler(h) {}
+enum class SkillDrainType {
+    ACTIVE = 1,
+    PASSIVE = 2
+};
 
-    void handle(Mob *mob, std::vector<int> targetData, int16_t skillID, int16_t duration, int16_t amount) {
-        if (handler == nullptr)
-            return;
-
-        handler(mob, targetData, skillID, duration, amount, skillType, bitFlag, timeBuffID);
+struct SkillResult {
+    size_t size;
+    uint8_t payload[MAX_SKILLRESULT_SIZE];
+    SkillResult(size_t len, void* dat) {
+        assert(len <= MAX_SKILLRESULT_SIZE);
+        size = len;
+        memcpy(payload, dat, len);
+    }
+    SkillResult() {
+        size = 0;
     }
 };
 
 struct SkillData {
-    int skillType;
-    int targetType;
-    int drainType;
+    SkillType skillType; // eST
+    SkillEffectTarget effectTarget;
+    int effectType; // always 1?
+    SkillTargetType targetType;
+    SkillDrainType drainType;
     int effectArea;
+
     int batteryUse[4];
     int durationTime[4];
-    int powerIntensity[4];
+
+    int valueTypes[3];
+    int values[3][4];
 };
 
-namespace Nanos {
-    extern std::vector<NanoPower> NanoPowers;
+namespace Abilities {
     extern std::map<int32_t, SkillData> SkillTable;
 
-    void nanoUnbuff(CNSocket* sock, std::vector<int> targetData, int32_t bitFlag, int16_t timeBuffID, int16_t amount, bool groupPower);
-    int applyBuff(CNSocket* sock, int skillID, int eTBU, int eTBT, int32_t groupFlags);
+    void useNanoSkill(CNSocket*, SkillData*, sNano&, std::vector<ICombatant*>);
+    void useNPCSkill(EntityRef, int skillID, std::vector<ICombatant*>);
 
-    std::vector<int> findTargets(Player* plr, int skillID, CNPacketData* data = nullptr);
-}
-
-namespace Combat {
-    extern std::vector<MobPower> MobPowers;
+    std::vector<ICombatant*> matchTargets(ICombatant*, SkillData*, int, int32_t*);
+    int getCSTBFromST(SkillType skillType);
 }

src/Buddies.cpp

@@ -1,15 +1,10 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Buddies.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Buddies.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
 
-#include <iostream>
-#include <chrono>
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <thread>
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 
 using namespace Buddies;
 

src/Buddies.hpp

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "Player.hpp"
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
 
 namespace Buddies {
-	void init();
+    void init();
 
-	// Buddy list
-	void refreshBuddyList(CNSocket* sock);
+    // Buddy list
+    void refreshBuddyList(CNSocket* sock);
 }

src/Buffs.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+#include "Buffs.hpp"
+
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+
+using namespace Buffs;
+
+void Buff::tick(time_t currTime) {
+    auto it = stacks.begin();
+    while(it != stacks.end()) {
+        BuffStack& stack = *it;
+        //if(onTick) onTick(self, this, currTime);
+
+        if(stack.durationTicks == 0) {
+            BuffStack deadStack = stack;
+            it = stacks.erase(it);
+            if(onUpdate) onUpdate(self, this, ETBU_DEL, &deadStack);
+        } else {
+            if(stack.durationTicks > 0) stack.durationTicks--;
+            it++;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Buff::combatTick(time_t currTime) {
+    if(onCombatTick) onCombatTick(self, this, currTime);
+}
+
+void Buff::clear() {
+    while(!stacks.empty()) {
+        BuffStack stack = stacks.back();
+        stacks.pop_back();
+        if(onUpdate) onUpdate(self, this, ETBU_DEL, &stack);
+    }
+}
+
+void Buff::clear(BuffClass buffClass) {
+    auto it = stacks.begin();
+    while(it != stacks.end()) {
+        BuffStack& stack = *it;
+        if(stack.buffStackClass == buffClass) {
+            BuffStack deadStack = stack;
+            it = stacks.erase(it);
+            if(onUpdate) onUpdate(self, this, ETBU_DEL, &deadStack);
+        } else it++;
+    }
+}
+
+void Buff::addStack(BuffStack* stack) {
+    stacks.push_back(*stack);
+    if(onUpdate) onUpdate(self, this, ETBU_ADD, &stacks.back());
+}
+
+bool Buff::hasClass(BuffClass buffClass) {
+    for(BuffStack& stack : stacks) {
+        if(stack.buffStackClass == buffClass)
+            return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+BuffClass Buff::maxClass() {
+    BuffClass buffClass = BuffClass::NONE;
+    for(BuffStack& stack : stacks) {
+        if(stack.buffStackClass > buffClass)
+            buffClass = stack.buffStackClass;
+    }
+    return buffClass;
+}
+
+int Buff::getValue(BuffValueSelector selector) {
+    if(isStale()) return 0;
+
+    int value = selector == BuffValueSelector::NET_TOTAL ? 0 : stacks.front().value;
+    for(BuffStack& stack : stacks) {
+        switch(selector)
+        {
+            case BuffValueSelector::NET_TOTAL:
+                value += stack.value;
+                break;
+            case BuffValueSelector::MIN_VALUE:
+                if(stack.value < value) value = stack.value;
+                break;
+            case BuffValueSelector::MAX_VALUE:
+                if(stack.value > value) value = stack.value;
+                break;
+            case BuffValueSelector::MIN_MAGNITUDE:
+                if(abs(stack.value) < abs(value)) value = stack.value;
+                break;
+            case BuffValueSelector::MAX_MAGNITUDE:
+            default:
+                if(abs(stack.value) > abs(value)) value = stack.value;
+        }
+    }
+    return value;
+}
+
+EntityRef Buff::getLastSource() {
+    if(stacks.empty())
+        return self;
+    return stacks.back().source;
+}
+
+bool Buff::isStale() {
+    return stacks.empty();
+}
+
+/* This will practically never do anything important, but it's here just in case */
+void Buff::updateCallbacks(BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> fOnUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> fOnCombatTick) {
+    if(!onUpdate) onUpdate = fOnUpdate;
+    if(!onCombatTick) onCombatTick = fOnCombatTick;
+}
+
+#pragma region Handlers
+void Buffs::timeBuffUpdate(EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack) {
+
+    if(self.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER)
+        return; // not implemented
+    
+    Player* plr = (Player*)self.getEntity();
+    if(plr == nullptr)
+        return; // sanity check
+
+    if(status == ETBU_DEL && !buff->isStale())
+        return; // no premature effect deletion
+
+    int cbf = plr->getCompositeCondition();
+    sTimeBuff payload{};
+    if(status == ETBU_ADD) {
+        payload.iValue = buff->getValue(BuffValueSelector::MAX_MAGNITUDE);
+        // we need to explicitly add the ECSB for this buff,
+        // in case this is the first stack in and the entry
+        // in the buff map doesn't yet exist
+        if(buff->id > 0) cbf |= CSB_FROM_ECSB(buff->id);
+    }
+    
+    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, pkt);
+    pkt.eCSTB = buff->id; // eCharStatusTimeBuffID
+    pkt.eTBU = status; // eTimeBuffUpdate
+    pkt.eTBT = (int)stack->buffStackClass;
+    pkt.iConditionBitFlag = cbf;
+    pkt.TimeBuff = payload;
+    self.sock->sendPacket((void*)&pkt, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE));
+}
+
+void Buffs::timeBuffTick(EntityRef self, Buff* buff) {
+    if(self.kind != EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC && self.kind != EntityKind::MOB)
+        return; // not implemented
+    Entity* entity = self.getEntity();
+    ICombatant* combatant = dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(entity);
+
+    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK, pkt);
+    pkt.eCT = combatant->getCharType();
+    pkt.iID = combatant->getID();
+    pkt.iTB_ID = buff->id;
+    NPCManager::sendToViewable(entity, &pkt, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK));
+}
+
+void Buffs::timeBuffTimeout(EntityRef self) {
+    if(self.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER && self.kind != EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC && self.kind != EntityKind::MOB)
+        return; // not a combatant
+    Entity* entity = self.getEntity();
+    ICombatant* combatant = dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(entity);
+    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, pkt); // send a buff timeout to other players
+    int32_t eCharType = combatant->getCharType();
+    pkt.eCT = eCharType == 4 ? 2 : eCharType; // convention not followed by client here
+    pkt.iID = combatant->getID();
+    pkt.iConditionBitFlag = combatant->getCompositeCondition();
+    NPCManager::sendToViewable(entity, &pkt, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT));
+}
+
+void Buffs::tickDrain(EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int mult) {
+    if(self.kind != EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC && self.kind != EntityKind::MOB)
+        return; // not implemented
+    Entity* entity = self.getEntity();
+    ICombatant* combatant = dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(entity);
+    int damage = combatant->getMaxHP() / 100 * mult;
+    int dealt = combatant->takeDamage(buff->getLastSource(), damage);
+
+    size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK) + sizeof(sSkillResult_Damage);
+    assert(resplen < CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE - 8);
+    uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
+    memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
+
+    sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK *pkt = (sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK*)respbuf;
+    pkt->iID = self.id;
+    pkt->eCT = combatant->getCharType();
+    pkt->iTB_ID = ECSB_BOUNDINGBALL;
+
+    sSkillResult_Damage *drain = (sSkillResult_Damage*)(respbuf + sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK));
+    drain->iDamage = dealt;
+    drain->iHP = combatant->getCurrentHP();
+    drain->eCT = pkt->eCT;
+    drain->iID = pkt->iID;
+
+    NPCManager::sendToViewable(self.getEntity(), (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK, resplen);
+}
+#pragma endregion

src/Buffs.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+
+#include "EntityRef.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <functional>
+
+/* forward declaration(s) */
+class Buff;
+template<class... Types>
+using BuffCallback = std::function<void(EntityRef, Buff*, Types...)>;
+
+#define CSB_FROM_ECSB(x) (1 << (x - 1))
+
+enum class BuffClass {
+    NONE = ETBT_NONE,
+	NANO = ETBT_NANO,
+	GROUP_NANO = ETBT_GROUPNANO,
+	EGG = ETBT_SHINY,
+	ENVIRONMENT = ETBT_LANDEFFECT,
+	ITEM = ETBT_ITEM,
+	CASH_ITEM = ETBT_CASHITEM
+};
+
+enum class BuffValueSelector {
+    MAX_VALUE,
+    MIN_VALUE,
+    MAX_MAGNITUDE,
+    MIN_MAGNITUDE,
+    NET_TOTAL
+};
+
+struct BuffStack {
+    int durationTicks;
+    int value;
+    EntityRef source;
+    BuffClass buffStackClass;
+};
+
+class Buff {
+private:
+    EntityRef self;
+    std::vector<BuffStack> stacks;
+
+public:
+    int id;
+    /* called just after a stack is added or removed */
+    BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate;
+    /* called when the buff is combat-ticked */
+    BuffCallback<time_t> onCombatTick;
+
+    void tick(time_t);
+    void combatTick(time_t);
+    void clear();
+    void clear(BuffClass buffClass);
+    void addStack(BuffStack* stack);
+
+    /*
+    * Sometimes we need to determine if a buff
+    * is covered by a certain class, ex: nano
+    * vs. coco egg in the case of infection protection
+    */
+    bool hasClass(BuffClass buffClass);
+    BuffClass maxClass();
+
+    int getValue(BuffValueSelector selector);
+    EntityRef getLastSource();
+
+    /* 
+     * In general, a Buff object won't exist
+     * unless it has stacks. However, when
+     * popping stacks during iteration (onExpire),
+     * stacks will be empty for a brief moment
+     * when the last stack is popped.
+     */
+    bool isStale();
+
+    void updateCallbacks(BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> fOnUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> fonTick);
+
+    Buff(int iid, EntityRef pSelf, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> fOnUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> fOnCombatTick, BuffStack* firstStack)
+        : self(pSelf), id(iid), onUpdate(fOnUpdate), onCombatTick(fOnCombatTick) {
+        addStack(firstStack);
+    }
+};
+
+namespace Buffs {
+    void timeBuffUpdate(EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack);
+    void timeBuffTick(EntityRef self, Buff* buff);
+    void timeBuffTimeout(EntityRef self);
+    void tickDrain(EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int mult);
+}

src/BuiltinCommands.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 #include "BuiltinCommands.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Chat.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
+#include "Chat.hpp"
 #include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Rand.hpp"
 
 // helper function, not a packet handler
 void BuiltinCommands::setSpecialState(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
@@ -69,31 +72,41 @@ static void setValuePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     // Handle serverside value-changes
     switch (setData->iSetValueType) {
-    case 1:
-        plr->HP = setData->iSetValue;
+    case CN_GM_SET_VALUE_TYPE__HP:
+        response.iSetValue = plr->HP = setData->iSetValue;
         break;
-    case 2:
+    case CN_GM_SET_VALUE_TYPE__WEAPON_BATTERY :
         plr->batteryW = setData->iSetValue;
+
         // caps
         if (plr->batteryW > 9999)
             plr->batteryW = 9999;
+
+        response.iSetValue = plr->batteryW;
         break;
-    case 3:
+    case CN_GM_SET_VALUE_TYPE__NANO_BATTERY:
         plr->batteryN = setData->iSetValue;
+
         // caps
         if (plr->batteryN > 9999)
             plr->batteryN = 9999;
+
+        response.iSetValue = plr->batteryN;
         break;
-    case 4:
+    case CN_GM_SET_VALUE_TYPE__FUSION_MATTER:
         Missions::updateFusionMatter(sock, setData->iSetValue - plr->fusionmatter);
+        response.iSetValue = plr->fusionmatter;
         break;
-    case 5:
-        plr->money = setData->iSetValue;
+    case CN_GM_SET_VALUE_TYPE__CANDY:
+        response.iSetValue = plr->money = setData->iSetValue;
+        break;
+    case CN_GM_SET_VALUE_TYPE__SPEED:
+    case CN_GM_SET_VALUE_TYPE__JUMP:
+        response.iSetValue = setData->iSetValue;
         break;
     }
 
     response.iPC_ID = setData->iPC_ID;
-    response.iSetValue = setData->iSetValue;
     response.iSetValueType = setData->iSetValueType;
 
     sock->sendPacket(response, P_FE2CL_GM_REP_PC_SET_VALUE);
@@ -247,17 +260,17 @@ static void teleportPlayer(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
     uint64_t instance = plr->instanceID;
     const int unstickRange = 400;
 
-    switch (req->eTeleportType) {
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__MyLocation:
+    switch ((eCN_GM_TeleportType)req->eTeleportType) {
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::MyLocation:
         PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(targetSock, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, instance);
         break;
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__MapXYZ:
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::MapXYZ:
         instance = req->iToMap;
         // fallthrough
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__XYZ:
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::XYZ:
         PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(targetSock, req->iToX, req->iToY, req->iToZ, instance);
         break;
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__SomeoneLocation:
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::SomeoneLocation:
         // player to teleport to
         goalSock = PlayerManager::getSockFromAny(req->eGoalPCSearchBy, req->iGoalPC_ID, req->iGoalPC_UID,
             AUTOU16TOU8(req->szGoalPC_FirstName), AUTOU16TOU8(req->szGoalPC_LastName));
@@ -269,7 +282,7 @@ static void teleportPlayer(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
 
         PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(targetSock, goalPlr->x, goalPlr->y, goalPlr->z, goalPlr->instanceID);
         break;
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__Unstick:
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::Unstick:
         targetPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(targetSock);
 
         PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(targetSock, targetPlr->x - unstickRange/2 + Rand::rand(unstickRange),
@@ -283,35 +296,56 @@ static void itemGMGiveHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
     if (plr->accountLevel > 50) {
-    	// TODO: send fail packet
+        // TODO: send fail packet
         return;
     }
 
-    if (itemreq->eIL == 2) {
-        // Quest item, not a real item, handle this later, stubbed for now
-    } else if (itemreq->eIL == 1 && itemreq->Item.iType >= 0 && itemreq->Item.iType <= 10) {
+    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_GIVE_ITEM_SUCC, resp);
 
-        if (Items::ItemData.find(std::pair<int32_t, int32_t>(itemreq->Item.iID, itemreq->Item.iType)) == Items::ItemData.end()) {
+    if (itemreq->eIL == 1) {
+
+        if (Items::ItemData.find(std::pair<int32_t, int32_t>(itemreq->Item.iID, itemreq->Item.iType)) == Items::ItemData.end()
+        || itemreq->Item.iType < 0 || itemreq->Item.iType > 10) {
             // invalid item
             std::cout << "[WARN] Item id " << itemreq->Item.iID << " with type " << itemreq->Item.iType << " is invalid (give item)" << std::endl;
             return;
         }
 
-        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_GIVE_ITEM_SUCC, resp);
-
-        resp.eIL = itemreq->eIL;
-        resp.iSlotNum = itemreq->iSlotNum;
         if (itemreq->Item.iType == 10) {
             // item is vehicle, set expiration date
             // set time limit: current time + 7days
             itemreq->Item.iTimeLimit = getTimestamp() + 604800;
         }
-        resp.Item = itemreq->Item;
 
         plr->Inven[itemreq->iSlotNum] = itemreq->Item;
+    } else if (itemreq->eIL == 2) {
+        int id = itemreq->Item.iID;
+        int slot = Missions::findQSlot(plr, id);
 
-        sock->sendPacket(resp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_GIVE_ITEM_SUCC);
+        if (slot == -1) {
+            std::cout << "[WARN] Player has no room for quest items" << std::endl;
+            return;
+        }
+        if (id != 0)
+            std::cout << "new qitem in slot " << slot << std::endl;
+
+        // update player
+        if (id != 0) {
+            plr->QInven[slot].iType = 8;
+            plr->QInven[slot].iID = id;
+            plr->QInven[slot].iOpt += itemreq->Item.iOpt;
+
+            // destroy the item if its 0
+            if (plr->QInven[slot].iOpt == 0)
+                memset(&plr->QInven[slot], 0, sizeof(sItemBase));
+        }
+        std::cout << "Item id " << id << " is in slot " << slot << " of count " << plr->QInven[slot].iOpt << std::endl;
     }
+
+    resp.eIL = itemreq->eIL;
+    resp.iSlotNum = itemreq->iSlotNum;
+    resp.Item = itemreq->Item;
+    sock->sendPacket(resp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_GIVE_ITEM_SUCC);
 }
 
 static void nanoGMGiveHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {

src/Chat.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #include "Chat.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
 #include "CustomCommands.hpp"
 
 #include <assert.h>
@@ -225,10 +228,6 @@ static void tradeChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 static void groupChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sP_CL2FE_REQ_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE* chat = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE*)data->buf;
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
 
     std::string fullChat = sanitizeText(AUTOU16TOU8(chat->szFreeChat));
 
@@ -251,16 +250,15 @@ static void groupChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp.iSendPCID = plr->iID;
     resp.iEmoteCode = chat->iEmoteCode;
 
-    Groups::sendToGroup(otherPlr, (void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
+    if (plr->group == nullptr)
+        sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
+    else
+        Groups::sendToGroup(plr->group, (void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
 }
 
 static void groupMenuChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sP_CL2FE_REQ_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE* chat = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE*)data->buf;
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
 
     std::string fullChat = sanitizeText(AUTOU16TOU8(chat->szFreeChat));
     std::string logLine = "[GroupMenuChat] " + PlayerManager::getPlayerName(plr, true) + ": " + fullChat;
@@ -275,7 +273,9 @@ static void groupMenuChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp.iSendPCID = plr->iID;
     resp.iEmoteCode = chat->iEmoteCode;
 
-    Groups::sendToGroup(otherPlr, (void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
+    if (plr->group == nullptr)
+        sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
+    Groups::sendToGroup(plr->group, (void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
 }
 
 // we only allow plain ascii, at least for now

src/Chat.hpp

@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
 
 #define CMD_PREFIX '/'
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace Chat {
     extern std::vector<std::string> dump;

src/Chunking.cpp

@@ -1,17 +1,22 @@
 #include "Chunking.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+
+#include "MobAI.hpp"
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "settings.hpp"
-#include "Combat.hpp"
-#include "Eggs.hpp"
+
+#include <assert.h>
 
 using namespace Chunking;
 
+/*
+ * The initial chunkPos value before a player is placed into the world.
+ */
+const ChunkPos Chunking::INVALID_CHUNK = {};
+
 std::map<ChunkPos, Chunk*> Chunking::chunks;
 
 static void newChunk(ChunkPos pos) {
     if (chunkExists(pos)) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] Tried to create a chunk that already exists\n";
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Tried to create a chunk that already exists" << std::endl;
         return;
     }
 
@@ -21,13 +26,13 @@ static void newChunk(ChunkPos pos) {
     // add the chunk to the cache of all players and NPCs in the surrounding chunks
     std::set<Chunk*> surroundings = getViewableChunks(pos);
     for (Chunk* c : surroundings)
-        for (const EntityRef& ref : c->entities)
+        for (const EntityRef ref : c->entities)
             ref.getEntity()->viewableChunks.insert(chunk);
 }
 
 static void deleteChunk(ChunkPos pos) {
     if (!chunkExists(pos)) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] Tried to delete a chunk that doesn't exist\n";
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Tried to delete a chunk that doesn't exist" << std::endl;
         return;
     }
 
@@ -36,24 +41,24 @@ static void deleteChunk(ChunkPos pos) {
     // remove the chunk from the cache of all players and NPCs in the surrounding chunks
     std::set<Chunk*> surroundings = getViewableChunks(pos);
     for(Chunk* c : surroundings)
-        for (const EntityRef& ref : c->entities)
+        for (const EntityRef ref : c->entities)
             ref.getEntity()->viewableChunks.erase(chunk);
 
     chunks.erase(pos); // remove from map
     delete chunk; // free from memory
 }
 
-void Chunking::trackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref) {
+void Chunking::trackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef ref) {
     if (!chunkExists(chunkPos))
         return; // shouldn't happen
 
     chunks[chunkPos]->entities.insert(ref);
 
-    if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
         chunks[chunkPos]->nplayers++;
 }
 
-void Chunking::untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref) {
+void Chunking::untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef ref) {
     if (!chunkExists(chunkPos))
         return; // do nothing if chunk doesn't even exist
 
@@ -61,7 +66,7 @@ void Chunking::untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref) {
 
     chunk->entities.erase(ref); // gone
 
-    if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
         chunks[chunkPos]->nplayers--;
     assert(chunks[chunkPos]->nplayers >= 0);
 
@@ -70,13 +75,13 @@ void Chunking::untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref) {
         deleteChunk(chunkPos);
 }
 
-void Chunking::addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref) {
+void Chunking::addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef ref) {
     Entity *ent = ref.getEntity();
-    bool alive = ent->isAlive();
+    bool alive = ent->isExtant();
 
     // TODO: maybe optimize this, potentially using AROUND packets?
     for (Chunk *chunk : chnks) {
-        for (const EntityRef& otherRef : chunk->entities) {
+        for (const EntityRef otherRef : chunk->entities) {
             // skip oneself
             if (ref == otherRef)
                 continue;
@@ -84,31 +89,31 @@ void Chunking::addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref) {
             Entity *other = otherRef.getEntity();
 
             // notify all visible players of the existence of this Entity
-            if (alive && otherRef.type == EntityType::PLAYER) {
+            if (alive && otherRef.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
                 ent->enterIntoViewOf(otherRef.sock);
             }
 
             // notify this *player* of the existence of all visible Entities
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER && other->isAlive()) {
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER && other->isExtant()) {
                 other->enterIntoViewOf(ref.sock);
             }
 
             // for mobs, increment playersInView
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::MOB && otherRef.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::MOB && otherRef.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ((Mob*)ent)->playersInView++;
-            if (otherRef.type == EntityType::MOB && ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (otherRef.kind == EntityKind::MOB && ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ((Mob*)other)->playersInView++;
         }
     }
 }
 
-void Chunking::removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref) {
+void Chunking::removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef ref) {
     Entity *ent = ref.getEntity();
-    bool alive = ent->isAlive();
+    bool alive = ent->isExtant();
 
     // TODO: same as above
     for (Chunk *chunk : chnks) {
-        for (const EntityRef& otherRef : chunk->entities) {
+        for (const EntityRef otherRef : chunk->entities) {
             // skip oneself
             if (ref == otherRef)
                 continue;
@@ -116,19 +121,19 @@ void Chunking::removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& r
             Entity *other = otherRef.getEntity();
 
             // notify all visible players of the departure of this Entity
-            if (alive && otherRef.type == EntityType::PLAYER) {
+            if (alive && otherRef.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
                 ent->disappearFromViewOf(otherRef.sock);
             }
 
             // notify this *player* of the departure of all visible Entities
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER && other->isAlive()) {
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER && other->isExtant()) {
                 other->disappearFromViewOf(ref.sock);
             }
 
             // for mobs, decrement playersInView
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::MOB && otherRef.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::MOB && otherRef.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ((Mob*)ent)->playersInView--;
-            if (otherRef.type == EntityType::MOB && ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (otherRef.kind == EntityKind::MOB && ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ((Mob*)other)->playersInView--;
         }
     }
@@ -149,8 +154,8 @@ static void emptyChunk(ChunkPos chunkPos) {
 
     // unspawn all of the mobs/npcs
     std::set refs(chunk->entities);
-    for (const EntityRef& ref : refs) {
-        if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    for (const EntityRef ref : refs) {
+        if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
             assert(0);
 
         // every call of this will check if the chunk is empty and delete it if so
@@ -158,7 +163,7 @@ static void emptyChunk(ChunkPos chunkPos) {
     }
 }
 
-void Chunking::updateEntityChunk(const EntityRef& ref, ChunkPos from, ChunkPos to) {
+void Chunking::updateEntityChunk(const EntityRef ref, ChunkPos from, ChunkPos to) {
     Entity* ent = ref.getEntity();
 
     // move to other chunk's player set
@@ -200,7 +205,7 @@ bool Chunking::chunkExists(ChunkPos chunk) {
 }
 
 ChunkPos Chunking::chunkPosAt(int posX, int posY, uint64_t instanceID) {
-    return std::make_tuple(posX / (settings::VIEWDISTANCE / 3), posY / (settings::VIEWDISTANCE / 3), instanceID);
+    return ChunkPos(posX / (settings::VIEWDISTANCE / 3), posY / (settings::VIEWDISTANCE / 3), instanceID);
 }
 
 std::set<Chunk*> Chunking::getViewableChunks(ChunkPos chunk) {
@@ -213,7 +218,7 @@ std::set<Chunk*> Chunking::getViewableChunks(ChunkPos chunk) {
     // grabs surrounding chunks if they exist
     for (int i = -1; i < 2; i++) {
         for (int z = -1; z < 2; z++) {
-            ChunkPos pos = std::make_tuple(x+i, y+z, inst);
+            ChunkPos pos = ChunkPos(x+i, y+z, inst);
 
             // if chunk exists, add it to the set
             if (chunkExists(pos))
@@ -262,54 +267,53 @@ void Chunking::createInstance(uint64_t instanceID) {
 
     std::cout << "Creating instance " << instanceID << std::endl;
     for (ChunkPos &coords : templateChunks) {
-        for (const EntityRef& ref : chunks[coords]->entities) {
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+        for (const EntityRef ref : chunks[coords]->entities) {
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 continue;
 
             int npcID = ref.id;
             BaseNPC* baseNPC = (BaseNPC*)ref.getEntity();
 
             // make a copy of each NPC in the template chunks and put them in the new instance
-            if (baseNPC->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+            if (baseNPC->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
                 if (((Mob*)baseNPC)->groupLeader != 0 && ((Mob*)baseNPC)->groupLeader != npcID)
                     continue; // follower; don't copy individually
 
-                Mob* newMob = new Mob(baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z, baseNPC->appearanceData.iAngle,
-                    instanceID, baseNPC->appearanceData.iNPCType, NPCManager::NPCData[baseNPC->appearanceData.iNPCType], NPCManager::nextId--);
-                NPCManager::NPCs[newMob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = newMob;
+                Mob* newMob = new Mob(baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z, baseNPC->angle,
+                    instanceID, baseNPC->type, NPCManager::NPCData[baseNPC->type], NPCManager::nextId--);
+                NPCManager::NPCs[newMob->id] = newMob;
 
                 // if in a group, copy over group members as well
                 if (((Mob*)baseNPC)->groupLeader != 0) {
-                    newMob->groupLeader = newMob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID; // set leader ID for new leader
+                    newMob->groupLeader = newMob->id; // set leader ID for new leader
                     Mob* mobData = (Mob*)baseNPC;
                     for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                         if (mobData->groupMember[i] != 0) {
                             int followerID = NPCManager::nextId--; // id for follower
                             BaseNPC* baseFollower = NPCManager::NPCs[mobData->groupMember[i]]; // follower from template
                             // new follower instance
-                            Mob* newMobFollower = new Mob(baseFollower->x, baseFollower->y, baseFollower->z, baseFollower->appearanceData.iAngle,
-                                instanceID, baseFollower->appearanceData.iNPCType, NPCManager::NPCData[baseFollower->appearanceData.iNPCType], followerID);
+                            Mob* newMobFollower = new Mob(baseFollower->x, baseFollower->y, baseFollower->z, baseFollower->angle,
+                                instanceID, baseFollower->type, NPCManager::NPCData[baseFollower->type], followerID);
                             // add follower to NPC maps
                             NPCManager::NPCs[followerID] = newMobFollower;
                             // set follower-specific properties
-                            newMobFollower->groupLeader = newMob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+                            newMobFollower->groupLeader = newMob->id;
                             newMobFollower->offsetX = ((Mob*)baseFollower)->offsetX;
                             newMobFollower->offsetY = ((Mob*)baseFollower)->offsetY;
                             // add follower copy to leader copy
                             newMob->groupMember[i] = followerID;
                             NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(followerID, baseFollower->x, baseFollower->y, baseFollower->z,
-                                instanceID, baseFollower->appearanceData.iAngle);
+                                instanceID, baseFollower->angle);
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newMob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z,
-                    instanceID, baseNPC->appearanceData.iAngle);
+                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newMob->id, baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z,
+                    instanceID, baseNPC->angle);
             } else {
-                BaseNPC* newNPC = new BaseNPC(baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z, baseNPC->appearanceData.iAngle,
-                    instanceID, baseNPC->appearanceData.iNPCType, NPCManager::nextId--);
-                NPCManager::NPCs[newNPC->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = newNPC;
-                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newNPC->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z,
-                    instanceID, baseNPC->appearanceData.iAngle);
+                BaseNPC* newNPC = new BaseNPC(baseNPC->angle, instanceID, baseNPC->type, NPCManager::nextId--);
+                NPCManager::NPCs[newNPC->id] = newNPC;
+                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newNPC->id, baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z,
+                    instanceID, baseNPC->angle);
             }
         }
     }

src/Chunking.hpp

@@ -1,22 +1,26 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "EntityRef.hpp"
 
-#include <utility>
 #include <set>
 #include <map>
-#include <tuple>
-#include <algorithm>
+#include <vector>
 
 class Chunk {
 public:
-    //std::set<CNSocket*> players;
-    //std::set<int32_t> NPCs;
     std::set<EntityRef> entities;
     int nplayers = 0;
 };
 
+// to help the readability of ChunkPos
+typedef std::tuple<int, int, uint64_t> _ChunkPos;
+
+class ChunkPos : public _ChunkPos {
+public:
+    ChunkPos() : _ChunkPos(0, 0, (uint64_t) -1) {}
+    ChunkPos(int x, int y, uint64_t inst) : _ChunkPos(x, y, inst) {}
+};
+
 enum {
     INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, // default instance every player starts in
     INSTANCE_IZ, // these aren't actually used
@@ -26,13 +30,15 @@ enum {
 namespace Chunking {
     extern std::map<ChunkPos, Chunk*> chunks;
 
-    void updateEntityChunk(const EntityRef& ref, ChunkPos from, ChunkPos to);
+    extern const ChunkPos INVALID_CHUNK;
 
-    void trackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref);
-    void untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref);
+    void updateEntityChunk(const EntityRef ref, ChunkPos from, ChunkPos to);
 
-    void addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref);
-    void removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref);
+    void trackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef ref);
+    void untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef ref);
+
+    void addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef ref);
+    void removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef ref);
 
     bool chunkExists(ChunkPos chunk);
     ChunkPos chunkPosAt(int posX, int posY, uint64_t instanceID);

src/Combat.cpp

@@ -1,22 +1,331 @@
 #include "Combat.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
-#include "Racing.hpp"
-#include "Abilities.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "Rand.hpp"
+#include "Player.hpp"
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "Nanos.hpp"
+#include "Abilities.hpp"
+#include "Buffs.hpp"
 
 #include <assert.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <functional>
 
 using namespace Combat;
 
 /// Player Id -> Bullet Id -> Bullet
 std::map<int32_t, std::map<int8_t, Bullet>> Combat::Bullets;
 
+#pragma region Player
+bool Player::addBuff(int buffId, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> onTick, BuffStack* stack) {
+    if(!isAlive())
+        return false;
+
+    if(!hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        buffs[buffId] = new Buff(buffId, getRef(), onUpdate, onTick, stack);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    buffs[buffId]->updateCallbacks(onUpdate, onTick);
+    buffs[buffId]->addStack(stack);
+    return false;
+}
+
+Buff* Player::getBuff(int buffId) {
+    if(hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        return buffs[buffId];
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+void Player::removeBuff(int buffId) {
+    if(hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        buffs[buffId]->clear();
+        delete buffs[buffId];
+        buffs.erase(buffId);
+    }
+}
+
+void Player::removeBuff(int buffId, BuffClass buffClass) {
+    if(hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        buffs[buffId]->clear(buffClass);
+        // buff might not be stale since another buff class might remain
+        if(buffs[buffId]->isStale()) {
+            delete buffs[buffId];
+            buffs.erase(buffId);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Player::clearBuffs(bool force) {
+    auto it = buffs.begin();
+    while(it != buffs.end()) {
+        Buff* buff = (*it).second;
+        if(!force) buff->clear();
+        delete buff;
+        it = buffs.erase(it);
+    }
+}
+
+bool Player::hasBuff(int buffId) {
+    auto buff = buffs.find(buffId);
+    return buff != buffs.end() && !buff->second->isStale();
+}
+
+int Player::getCompositeCondition() {
+    int conditionBitFlag = 0;
+    for(auto buff : buffs) {
+        if(!buff.second->isStale() && buff.second->id > 0)
+            conditionBitFlag |= CSB_FROM_ECSB(buff.first);
+    }
+    return conditionBitFlag;
+}
+
+int Player::takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) {
+    int dmg = amt;
+    if(HP - dmg < 0) dmg = HP;
+    HP -= dmg;
+
+    return dmg;
+}
+
+int Player::heal(EntityRef src, int amt) {
+    int heal = amt;
+    if(HP + heal > getMaxHP()) heal = getMaxHP() - HP;
+    HP += heal;
+
+    return heal;
+}
+
+bool Player::isAlive() {
+    return HP > 0;
+}
+
+int Player::getCurrentHP() {
+    return HP;
+}
+
+int Player::getMaxHP() {
+    return PC_MAXHEALTH(level);
+}
+
+int Player::getLevel() {
+    return level;
+}
+
+std::vector<EntityRef> Player::getGroupMembers() {
+    std::vector<EntityRef> members;
+    if(group != nullptr)
+        members = group->members;
+    else
+        members.push_back(PlayerManager::getSockFromID(iID));
+    return members;
+}
+
+int32_t Player::getCharType() {
+    return 1; // eCharType (eCT_PC)
+}
+
+int32_t Player::getID() {
+    return iID;
+}
+
+EntityRef Player::getRef() {
+    return EntityRef(PlayerManager::getSockFromID(iID));
+}
+
+void Player::step(time_t currTime) {
+    CNSocket* sock = getRef().sock;
+
+    // nanos
+    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+        if (activeNano != 0 && equippedNanos[i] == activeNano) { // tick active nano
+            sNano& nano = Nanos[activeNano];
+            int drainRate = 0;
+
+            if (Abilities::SkillTable.find(nano.iSkillID) != Abilities::SkillTable.end()) {
+                // nano has skill data
+                SkillData* skill = &Abilities::SkillTable[nano.iSkillID];
+                int boost = Nanos::getNanoBoost(this);
+                if (skill->drainType == SkillDrainType::PASSIVE)
+                    drainRate = skill->batteryUse[boost * 3];
+            }
+
+            nano.iStamina -= 1 + drainRate / 5;
+            if (nano.iStamina <= 0)
+                Nanos::summonNano(sock, -1, true); // unsummon nano silently
+
+        } else if (Nanos[equippedNanos[i]].iStamina < 150) { // tick resting nano
+            sNano& nano = Nanos[equippedNanos[i]];
+            if (nano.iStamina < 150)
+                nano.iStamina += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // buffs
+    for(auto buffEntry : buffs) {
+        buffEntry.second->combatTick(currTime);
+        if(!isAlive())
+            break; // unsafe to keep ticking if we're dead
+    }
+}
+#pragma endregion
+
+#pragma region CombatNPC
+bool CombatNPC::addBuff(int buffId, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> onTick, BuffStack* stack) {
+    if(!isAlive())
+        return false;
+
+    if (this->state != AIState::COMBAT && this->state != AIState::ROAMING)
+        return false;
+
+    if(!hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        buffs[buffId] = new Buff(buffId, getRef(), onUpdate, onTick, stack);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    buffs[buffId]->updateCallbacks(onUpdate, onTick);
+    buffs[buffId]->addStack(stack);
+    return false;
+}
+
+Buff* CombatNPC::getBuff(int buffId) {
+    if(hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        return buffs[buffId];
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+void CombatNPC::removeBuff(int buffId) {
+    if(hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        buffs[buffId]->clear();
+        delete buffs[buffId];
+        buffs.erase(buffId);
+    }
+}
+
+void CombatNPC::removeBuff(int buffId, BuffClass buffClass) {
+    if(hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        buffs[buffId]->clear(buffClass);
+        // buff might not be stale since another buff class might remain
+        if(buffs[buffId]->isStale()) {
+            delete buffs[buffId];
+            buffs.erase(buffId);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CombatNPC::clearBuffs(bool force) {
+    auto it = buffs.begin();
+    while(it != buffs.end()) {
+        Buff* buff = (*it).second;
+        if(!force) buff->clear();
+        delete buff;
+        it = buffs.erase(it);
+    }
+}
+
+bool CombatNPC::hasBuff(int buffId) {
+    auto buff = buffs.find(buffId);
+    return buff != buffs.end() && !buff->second->isStale();
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::getCompositeCondition() {
+    int conditionBitFlag = 0;
+    for(auto buff : buffs) {
+        if(!buff.second->isStale() && buff.second->id > 0)
+            conditionBitFlag |= CSB_FROM_ECSB(buff.first);
+    }
+    return conditionBitFlag;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) {
+    int dmg = amt;
+    if(hp - dmg < 0) dmg = hp;
+    hp -= dmg;
+
+    if(hp <= 0) transition(AIState::DEAD, src);
+
+    return dmg;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::heal(EntityRef src, int amt) {
+    int heal = amt;
+    if(hp + heal > getMaxHP()) heal = getMaxHP() - hp;
+    hp += heal;
+
+    return heal;
+}
+
+bool CombatNPC::isAlive() {
+    return hp > 0;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::getCurrentHP() {
+    return hp;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::getMaxHP() {
+    return maxHealth;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::getLevel() {
+    return level;
+}
+
+std::vector<EntityRef> CombatNPC::getGroupMembers() {
+    std::vector<EntityRef> members;
+    if(group != nullptr)
+        members = group->members;
+    else
+        members.push_back(id);
+    return members;
+}
+
+int32_t CombatNPC::getCharType() {
+    if(kind == EntityKind::MOB)
+        return 4; // eCharType (eCT_MOB)
+    return 2; // eCharType (eCT_NPC)
+}
+
+int32_t CombatNPC::getID() {
+    return id;
+}
+
+EntityRef CombatNPC::getRef() {
+    return EntityRef(id);
+}
+
+void CombatNPC::step(time_t currTime) {
+    
+    if(stateHandlers.find(state) != stateHandlers.end())
+        stateHandlers[state](this, currTime);
+    else {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] State " << (int)state << " has no handler; going inactive" << std::endl;
+        transition(AIState::INACTIVE, id);
+    }
+}
+
+void CombatNPC::transition(AIState newState, EntityRef src) {
+    state = newState;
+
+    if (transitionHandlers.find(newState) != transitionHandlers.end())
+        transitionHandlers[newState](this, src);
+    else {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Transition to " << (int)state << " has no handler; going inactive" << std::endl;
+        transition(AIState::INACTIVE, id);
+    }
+
+    // trigger special NPCEvents, if applicable
+    for (NPCEvent& event : NPCManager::NPCEvents)
+        if (event.triggerState == newState && event.npcType == type)
+            event.handler(this);
+}
+#pragma endregion
+
 static std::pair<int,int> getDamage(int attackPower, int defensePower, bool shouldCrit,
                                          bool batteryBoost, int attackerStyle,
                                          int defenderStyle, int difficulty) {
@@ -56,14 +365,10 @@ static std::pair<int,int> getDamage(int attackPower, int defensePower, bool shou
     return ret;
 }
 
-static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
-    auto pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_NPCs*)data->buf;
+static bool checkRapidFire(CNSocket *sock, int targetCount) {
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    auto targets = (int32_t*)data->trailers;
-
-    // rapid fire anti-cheat
-    // TODO: move this out of here, when generalizing packet frequency validation
     time_t currTime = getTime();
+
     if (currTime - plr->lastShot < plr->fireRate * 80)
         plr->suspicionRating += plr->fireRate * 100 + plr->lastShot - currTime; // gain suspicion for rapid firing
     else if (currTime - plr->lastShot < plr->fireRate * 180 && plr->suspicionRating > 0)
@@ -71,11 +376,28 @@ static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
 
     plr->lastShot = currTime;
 
-    if (pkt->iNPCCnt > 3) // 3+ targets should never be possible
-        plr->suspicionRating += 10000;
+    // 3+ targets should never be possible
+    if (targetCount > 3)
+        plr->suspicionRating += 10001;
 
-    if (plr->suspicionRating > 10000) // kill the socket when the player is too suspicious
+    // kill the socket when the player is too suspicious
+    if (plr->suspicionRating > 10000) {
         sock->kill();
+        CNShardServer::_killConnection(sock);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
+    auto pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_NPCs*)data->buf;
+    Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+    auto targets = (int32_t*)data->trailers;
+
+    // kick the player if firing too rapidly
+    if (settings::ANTICHEAT && checkRapidFire(sock, pkt->iNPCCnt))
+        return;
 
     /*
      * IMPORTANT: This validates memory safety in addition to preventing
@@ -101,7 +423,7 @@ static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
 
 
         BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[targets[i]];
-        if (npc->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (npc->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
             std::cout << "[WARN] pcAttackNpcs: NPC is not a mob" << std::endl;
             return;
         }
@@ -124,11 +446,11 @@ static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
         else
             plr->batteryW = 0;
 
-        damage.first = hitMob(sock, mob, damage.first);
+        damage.first = mob->takeDamage(sock, damage.first);
 
-        respdata[i].iID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+        respdata[i].iID = mob->id;
         respdata[i].iDamage = damage.first;
-        respdata[i].iHP = mob->appearanceData.iHP;
+        respdata[i].iHP = mob->hp;
         respdata[i].iHitFlag = damage.second; // hitscan, not a rocket or a grenade
     }
 
@@ -150,12 +472,12 @@ void Combat::npcAttackPc(Mob *mob, time_t currTime) {
 
     INITVARPACKET(respbuf, sP_FE2CL_NPC_ATTACK_PCs, pkt, sAttackResult, atk);
 
-    auto damage = getDamage(450 + (int)mob->data["m_iPower"], plr->defense, false, false, -1, -1, 0);
+    auto damage = getDamage(450 + (int)mob->data["m_iPower"], plr->defense, true, false, -1, -1, 0);
 
     if (!(plr->iSpecialState & CN_SPECIAL_STATE_FLAG__INVULNERABLE))
         plr->HP -= damage.first;
 
-    pkt->iNPC_ID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+    pkt->iNPC_ID = mob->id;
     pkt->iPCCnt = 1;
 
     atk->iID = plr->iID;
@@ -167,122 +489,25 @@ void Combat::npcAttackPc(Mob *mob, time_t currTime) {
     PlayerManager::sendToViewable(mob->target, respbuf, P_FE2CL_NPC_ATTACK_PCs);
 
     if (plr->HP <= 0) {
-        mob->target = nullptr;
-        mob->state = MobState::RETREAT;
-        if (!MobAI::aggroCheck(mob, currTime)) {
-            MobAI::clearDebuff(mob);
-            if (mob->groupLeader != 0)
-                MobAI::groupRetreat(mob);
-        }
+        if (!MobAI::aggroCheck(mob, getTime()))
+            mob->transition(AIState::RETREAT, mob->target);
     }
 }
 
-int Combat::hitMob(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob, int damage) {
-    // cannot kill mobs multiple times; cannot harm retreating mobs
-    if (mob->state != MobState::ROAMING && mob->state != MobState::COMBAT) {
-        return 0; // no damage
-    }
+/*
+ * When a group of players is doing missions together, we want them to all get
+ * quest items at the same time, but we don't want the odds of quest item
+ * drops from different missions to be linked together. That's why we use a
+ * single RNG roll per mission task, and every group member shares that same
+ * set of rolls.
+ */
+void Combat::genQItemRolls(std::vector<Player*> players, std::map<int, int>& rolls) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < players.size(); i++) {
 
-    if (mob->skillStyle >= 0)
-        return 0; // don't hurt a mob casting corruption
-
-    if (mob->state == MobState::ROAMING) {
-        assert(mob->target == nullptr);
-        MobAI::enterCombat(sock, mob);
-
-        if (mob->groupLeader != 0)
-            MobAI::followToCombat(mob);
-    }
-
-    mob->appearanceData.iHP -= damage;
-
-    // wake up sleeping monster
-    if (mob->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_MEZ) {
-        mob->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag &= ~CSB_BIT_MEZ;
-
-        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, pkt1);
-        pkt1.eCT = 2;
-        pkt1.iID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
-        pkt1.iConditionBitFlag = mob->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag;
-        NPCManager::sendToViewable(mob, &pkt1, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT));
-    }
-
-    if (mob->appearanceData.iHP <= 0)
-        killMob(mob->target, mob);
-
-    return damage;
-}
-
-void Combat::killMob(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob) {
-    mob->state = MobState::DEAD;
-    mob->target = nullptr;
-    mob->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag = 0;
-    mob->skillStyle = -1;
-    mob->unbuffTimes.clear();
-    mob->killedTime = getTime(); // XXX: maybe introduce a shard-global time for each step?
-
-    // check for the edge case where hitting the mob did not aggro it
-    if (sock != nullptr) {
-        Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-
-        Items::DropRoll rolled;
-        Items::DropRoll eventRolled;
-        int rolledQItem = Rand::rand();
-
-        if (plr->groupCnt == 1 && plr->iIDGroup == plr->iID) {
-            Items::giveMobDrop(sock, mob, rolled, eventRolled);
-            Missions::mobKilled(sock, mob->appearanceData.iNPCType, rolledQItem);
-        } else {
-            Player* otherPlayer = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-
-            if (otherPlayer == nullptr)
-                return;
-
-            for (int i = 0; i < otherPlayer->groupCnt; i++) {
-                CNSocket* sockTo = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(otherPlayer->groupIDs[i]);
-                if (sockTo == nullptr)
-                    continue;
-
-                Player *otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sockTo);
-
-                // only contribute to group members' kills if they're close enough
-                int dist = std::hypot(plr->x - otherPlr->x + 1, plr->y - otherPlr->y + 1);
-                if (dist > 5000)
-                    continue;
-
-                Items::giveMobDrop(sockTo, mob, rolled, eventRolled);
-                Missions::mobKilled(sockTo, mob->appearanceData.iNPCType, rolledQItem);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // delay the despawn animation
-    mob->despawned = false;
-
-    // fire any triggered events
-    for (NPCEvent& event : NPCManager::NPCEvents)
-        if (event.trigger == ON_KILLED && event.npcType == mob->appearanceData.iNPCType)
-            event.handler(sock, mob);
-
-    auto it = Transport::NPCQueues.find(mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
-    if (it == Transport::NPCQueues.end() || it->second.empty())
-        return;
-
-    // rewind or empty the movement queue
-    if (mob->staticPath) {
-        /*
-         * This is inelegant, but we wind forward in the path until we find the point that
-         * corresponds with the Mob's spawn point.
-         *
-         * IMPORTANT: The check in TableData::loadPaths() must pass or else this will loop forever.
-         */
-        auto& queue = it->second;
-        for (auto point = queue.front(); point.x != mob->spawnX || point.y != mob->spawnY; point = queue.front()) {
-            queue.pop();
-            queue.push(point);
-        }
-    } else {
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+        Player* member = players[i];
+        for (int j = 0; j < ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT; j++)
+            if (member->tasks[j] != 0)
+                rolls[member->tasks[j]] = Rand::rand();
     }
 }
 
@@ -308,40 +533,27 @@ static void combatEnd(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
     plr->healCooldown = 4000;
 }
 
-static void dotDamageOnOff(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
-    sP_CL2FE_DOT_DAMAGE_ONOFF *pkt = (sP_CL2FE_DOT_DAMAGE_ONOFF*)data->buf;
+static void dealGooDamage(CNSocket *sock) {
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+    if(plr->iSpecialState & CN_SPECIAL_STATE_FLAG__INVULNERABLE)
+        return; // ignore completely
 
-    if ((plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_INFECTION) != (bool)pkt->iFlag)
-        plr->iConditionBitFlag ^= CSB_BIT_INFECTION;
-
-    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, pkt1);
-
-    pkt1.eCSTB = ECSB_INFECTION; // eCharStatusTimeBuffID
-    pkt1.eTBU = 1; // eTimeBuffUpdate
-    pkt1.eTBT = 0; // eTimeBuffType 1 means nano
-    pkt1.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag;
-
-    sock->sendPacket((void*)&pkt1, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE));
-}
-
-static void dealGooDamage(CNSocket *sock, int amount) {
     size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK) + sizeof(sSkillResult_DotDamage);
     assert(resplen < CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE - 8);
     uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
-    Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-
     memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
 
     sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK *pkt = (sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK*)respbuf;
     sSkillResult_DotDamage *dmg = (sSkillResult_DotDamage*)(respbuf + sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK));
 
-    if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_PROTECT_INFECTION) {
+    int amount = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) * 3 / 20;
+    Buff* protectionBuff = plr->getBuff(ECSB_PROTECT_INFECTION);
+    if (protectionBuff != nullptr) {
         amount = -2; // -2 is the magic number for "Protected" to appear as the damage number
         dmg->bProtected = 1;
 
         // eggs allow protection without nanos
-        if (plr->activeNano != -1 && (plr->iSelfConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_PROTECT_INFECTION))
+        if (protectionBuff->maxClass() <= BuffClass::NANO && plr->activeNano != -1)
             plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina -= 3;
     } else {
         plr->HP -= amount;
@@ -365,27 +577,54 @@ static void dealGooDamage(CNSocket *sock, int amount) {
     dmg->iID = plr->iID;
     dmg->iDamage = amount;
     dmg->iHP = plr->HP;
-    dmg->iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag;
+    dmg->iConditionBitFlag = plr->getCompositeCondition();
 
     sock->sendPacket((void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK, resplen);
     PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK, resplen);
 }
 
+static void dotDamageOnOff(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
+    sP_CL2FE_DOT_DAMAGE_ONOFF *pkt = (sP_CL2FE_DOT_DAMAGE_ONOFF*)data->buf;
+    Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+
+    // infection debuff toggles as the client asks it to,
+    // so we add and remove a permanent debuff
+    if (pkt->iFlag && !plr->hasBuff(ECSB_INFECTION)) {
+        BuffStack infection = {
+            -1, // infinite
+            0, // no value
+            sock, // self-inflicted
+            BuffClass::ENVIRONMENT
+        };
+        plr->addBuff(ECSB_INFECTION,
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack) {
+                Buffs::timeBuffUpdate(self, buff, status, stack);
+            },
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, time_t currTime) {
+                if(self.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
+                    dealGooDamage(self.sock);
+            },
+            &infection);
+    } else if(!pkt->iFlag && plr->hasBuff(ECSB_INFECTION)) {
+        plr->removeBuff(ECSB_INFECTION);
+    }
+}
+
 static void pcAttackChars(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
     sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs* pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs*)data->buf;
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
-    // only GMs can use this this variant
+    // only GMs can use this variant
     if (plr->accountLevel > 30)
         return;
 
     // Unlike the attack mob packet, attacking players packet has an 8-byte trail (Instead of 4 bytes).
-    if (!validInVarPacket(sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs), pkt->iTargetCnt, sizeof(int32_t) * 2, data->size)) {
+    if (!validInVarPacket(sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs), pkt->iTargetCnt, sizeof(sGM_PVPTarget), data->size)) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs packet size\n";
         return;
     }
 
-    int32_t *pktdata = (int32_t*)((uint8_t*)data->buf + sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs));
+    sGM_PVPTarget* pktdata = (sGM_PVPTarget*)((uint8_t*)data->buf + sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs));
 
     if (!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_ATTACK_CHARs_SUCC), pkt->iTargetCnt, sizeof(sAttackResult))) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_ATTACK_CHARs_SUCC packet size\n";
@@ -404,11 +643,19 @@ static void pcAttackChars(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
     resp->iTargetCnt = pkt->iTargetCnt;
 
     for (int i = 0; i < pkt->iTargetCnt; i++) {
-        if (pktdata[i*2+1] == 1) { // eCT == 1; attack player
-            Player *target = nullptr;
+
+        ICombatant* target = nullptr;
+        std::pair<int, int> damage;
+
+        if (pkt->iTargetCnt > 1)
+            damage.first = plr->groupDamage;
+        else
+            damage.first = plr->pointDamage;
+
+        if (pktdata[i].eCT == 1) { // eCT == 1; attack player
 
             for (auto& pair : PlayerManager::players) {
-                if (pair.second->iID == pktdata[i*2]) {
+                if (pair.second->iID == pktdata[i].iID) {
                     target = pair.second;
                     break;
                 }
@@ -420,67 +667,41 @@ static void pcAttackChars(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
                 return;
             }
 
-            std::pair<int,int> damage;
+            damage = getDamage(damage.first, ((Player*)target)->defense, true, (plr->batteryW > 6 + plr->level), -1, -1, 0);
 
-            if (pkt->iTargetCnt > 1)
-                damage.first = plr->groupDamage;
-            else
-                damage.first = plr->pointDamage;
-
-            damage = getDamage(damage.first, target->defense, true, (plr->batteryW > 6 + plr->level), -1, -1, 0);
-
-            if (plr->batteryW >= 6 + plr->level)
-                plr->batteryW -= 6 + plr->level;
-            else
-                plr->batteryW = 0;
-
-            target->HP -= damage.first;
-
-            respdata[i].eCT = pktdata[i*2+1];
-            respdata[i].iID = target->iID;
-            respdata[i].iDamage = damage.first;
-            respdata[i].iHP = target->HP;
-            respdata[i].iHitFlag = damage.second; // hitscan, not a rocket or a grenade
         } else { // eCT == 4; attack mob
-            if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(pktdata[i*2]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end()) {
+
+            if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(pktdata[i].iID) == NPCManager::NPCs.end()) {
                 // not sure how to best handle this
                 std::cout << "[WARN] pcAttackChars: NPC ID not found" << std::endl;
                 return;
             }
 
-            BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[pktdata[i * 2]];
-            if (npc->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+            BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[pktdata[i].iID];
+            if (npc->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
                 std::cout << "[WARN] pcAttackChars: NPC is not a mob" << std::endl;
                 return;
             }
 
             Mob* mob = (Mob*)npc;
-
-            std::pair<int,int> damage;
-
-            if (pkt->iTargetCnt > 1)
-                damage.first = plr->groupDamage;
-            else
-                damage.first = plr->pointDamage;
-
+            target = mob;
             int difficulty = (int)mob->data["m_iNpcLevel"];
-
             damage = getDamage(damage.first, (int)mob->data["m_iProtection"], true, (plr->batteryW > 6 + difficulty),
                 Nanos::nanoStyle(plr->activeNano), (int)mob->data["m_iNpcStyle"], difficulty);
-
-            if (plr->batteryW >= 6 + difficulty)
-                plr->batteryW -= 6 + difficulty;
-            else
-                plr->batteryW = 0;
-
-            damage.first = hitMob(sock, mob, damage.first);
-
-            respdata[i].eCT = pktdata[i*2+1];
-            respdata[i].iID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
-            respdata[i].iDamage = damage.first;
-            respdata[i].iHP = mob->appearanceData.iHP;
-            respdata[i].iHitFlag = damage.second; // hitscan, not a rocket or a grenade
         }
+
+        if (plr->batteryW >= 6 + plr->level)
+            plr->batteryW -= 6 + plr->level;
+        else
+            plr->batteryW = 0;
+
+        damage.first = target->takeDamage(sock, damage.first);
+
+        respdata[i].eCT = pktdata[i].eCT;
+        respdata[i].iID = target->getID();
+        respdata[i].iDamage = damage.first;
+        respdata[i].iHP = target->getCurrentHP();
+        respdata[i].iHitFlag = damage.second; // hitscan, not a rocket or a grenade
     }
 
     sock->sendPacket((void*)respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_ATTACK_CHARs_SUCC, resplen);
@@ -616,18 +837,6 @@ static void projectileHit(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         return;
     }
 
-    // rapid fire anti-cheat
-    time_t currTime = getTime();
-    if (currTime - plr->lastShot < plr->fireRate * 80)
-        plr->suspicionRating += plr->fireRate * 100 + plr->lastShot - currTime; // gain suspicion for rapid firing
-    else if (currTime - plr->lastShot < plr->fireRate * 180 && plr->suspicionRating > 0)
-        plr->suspicionRating += plr->fireRate * 100 + plr->lastShot - currTime; // lose suspicion for delayed firing
-
-    plr->lastShot = currTime;
-
-    if (plr->suspicionRating > 10000) // kill the socket when the player is too suspicious
-        sock->kill();
-
     /*
      * initialize response struct
      * rocket style hit doesn't work properly, so we're always sending this one
@@ -656,7 +865,7 @@ static void projectileHit(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         }
 
         BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[pktdata[i]];
-        if (npc->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (npc->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
             std::cout << "[WARN] projectileHit: NPC is not a mob" << std::endl;
             return;
         }
@@ -669,11 +878,11 @@ static void projectileHit(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         int difficulty = (int)mob->data["m_iNpcLevel"];
         damage = getDamage(damage.first, (int)mob->data["m_iProtection"], true, bullet->weaponBoost, Nanos::nanoStyle(plr->activeNano), (int)mob->data["m_iNpcStyle"], difficulty);
 
-        damage.first = hitMob(sock, mob, damage.first);
+        damage.first = mob->takeDamage(sock, damage.first);
 
-        respdata[i].iID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+        respdata[i].iID = mob->id;
         respdata[i].iDamage = damage.first;
-        respdata[i].iHP = mob->appearanceData.iHP;
+        respdata[i].iHP = mob->hp;
         respdata[i].iHitFlag = damage.second;
     }
 
@@ -688,6 +897,7 @@ static void projectileHit(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
 static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
     static time_t lastHealTime = 0;
+    static time_t lastCombatTIme = 0;
 
     for (auto& pair : PlayerManager::players) {
         CNSocket *sock = pair.first;
@@ -695,18 +905,13 @@ static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
         bool transmit = false;
 
         // group ticks
-        if (plr->groupCnt > 1)
-            Groups::groupTickInfo(plr);
+        if (plr->group != nullptr)
+            Groups::groupTickInfo(sock);
 
         // do not tick dead players
         if (plr->HP <= 0)
             continue;
 
-        // fm patch/lake damage
-        if ((plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_INFECTION)
-            && !(plr->iSpecialState & CN_SPECIAL_STATE_FLAG__INVULNERABLE))
-            dealGooDamage(sock, PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) * 3 / 20);
-
         // heal
         if (currTime - lastHealTime >= 4000 && !plr->inCombat && plr->HP < PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level)) {
             if (currTime - lastHealTime - plr->healCooldown >= 4000) {
@@ -718,22 +923,24 @@ static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
                 plr->healCooldown -= 4000;
         }
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-            if (plr->activeNano != 0 && plr->equippedNanos[i] == plr->activeNano) { // spend stamina
-                plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina -= 1 + plr->nanoDrainRate / 5;
+        // combat tick
+        if(currTime - lastCombatTIme >= 2000) {
+            plr->step(currTime);
+            transmit = true;
+        }
 
-                if (plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina <= 0)
-                    Nanos::summonNano(sock, -1, true); // unsummon nano silently
-
-                transmit = true;
-            } else if (plr->Nanos[plr->equippedNanos[i]].iStamina < 150) { // regain stamina
-                sNano& nano = plr->Nanos[plr->equippedNanos[i]];
-                nano.iStamina += 1;
-
-                if (nano.iStamina > 150)
-                    nano.iStamina = 150;
-
-                transmit = true;
+        // nanos
+        if (plr->activeNano != 0) { // tick active nano
+            sNano* nano = plr->getActiveNano();
+            if (Abilities::SkillTable.find(nano->iSkillID) != Abilities::SkillTable.end()) {
+                // nano has skill data
+                SkillData* skill = &Abilities::SkillTable[nano->iSkillID];
+                if (skill->drainType == SkillDrainType::PASSIVE) {
+                    ICombatant* src = dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(plr);
+                    int32_t targets[] = { plr->iID };
+                    std::vector<ICombatant*> affectedCombatants = Abilities::matchTargets(src, skill, 1, targets);
+                    Abilities::useNanoSkill(sock, skill, *nano, affectedCombatants);
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -749,6 +956,20 @@ static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
             PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, (void*)&dead, P_FE2CL_PC_SUDDEN_DEAD, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_SUDDEN_DEAD));
         }
 
+        // process buffsets
+        auto it = plr->buffs.begin();
+        while(it != plr->buffs.end()) {
+            Buff* buff = (*it).second;
+            //buff->combatTick() gets called in Player::step
+            buff->tick(currTime);
+            if(buff->isStale()) {
+                // garbage collect
+                it = plr->buffs.erase(it);
+                delete buff;
+            }
+            else it++;
+        }
+
         if (transmit) {
             INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TICK, pkt);
 
@@ -763,13 +984,15 @@ static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
         }
     }
 
-    // if this was a heal tick, update the counter outside of the loop
+    // if this was a heal/combat tick, update the counters outside of the loop
     if (currTime - lastHealTime >= 4000)
         lastHealTime = currTime;
+    if(currTime - lastCombatTIme >= 2000)
+        lastCombatTIme = currTime;
 }
 
 void Combat::init() {
-    REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(playerTick, 2000);
+    REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(playerTick, MS_PER_PLAYER_TICK);
 
     REGISTER_SHARD_PACKET(P_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_NPCs, pcAttackNpcs);
 

src/Combat.hpp

@@ -1,15 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include "NPC.hpp"
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "MobAI.hpp"
 
-#include "JSON.hpp"
-
 #include <map>
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <queue>
+#include <vector>
 
 struct Bullet {
     int pointDamage;
@@ -24,6 +19,5 @@ namespace Combat {
     void init();
 
     void npcAttackPc(Mob *mob, time_t currTime);
-    int hitMob(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob, int damage);
-    void killMob(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob);
+    void genQItemRolls(std::vector<Player*> players, std::map<int, int>& rolls);
 }

src/CustomCommands.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
 #include "CustomCommands.hpp"
-#include "Chat.hpp"
+
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Chat.hpp"
 #include "TableData.hpp"
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Eggs.hpp"
 #include "MobAI.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
+#include "Eggs.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
+#include "Abilities.hpp"
 
 #include <sstream>
-#include <iterator>
-#include <math.h>
+#include <limits.h>
 
 typedef void (*CommandHandler)(std::string fullString, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock);
 
@@ -242,20 +244,20 @@ static void summonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNS
     BaseNPC *npc = NPCManager::summonNPC(plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, type, true);
 
     // update angle
-    npc->appearanceData.iAngle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+    npc->angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, npc->angle);
 
     // if we're in a lair, we need to spawn the NPC in both the private instance and the template
     if (PLAYERID(plr->instanceID) != 0) {
         npc = NPCManager::summonNPC(plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, type, true, true);
 
-        npc->appearanceData.iAngle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, npc->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        npc->angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, npc->instanceID, npc->angle);
     }
 
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/summonW: placed mob with type: " + std::to_string(type) +
-        ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
-    TableData::RunningMobs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = npc; // only record the one in the template
+        ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
+    TableData::RunningMobs[npc->id] = npc; // only record the one in the template
 }
 
 static void unsummonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -268,24 +270,24 @@ static void unsummonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, C
         return;
     }
 
-    if (TableData::RunningEggs.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) != TableData::RunningEggs.end()) {
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: removed egg with type: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPCType) +
-            ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
-        TableData::RunningEggs.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
-        NPCManager::destroyNPC(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+    if (TableData::RunningEggs.find(npc->id) != TableData::RunningEggs.end()) {
+        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: removed egg with type: " + std::to_string(npc->type) +
+            ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
+        TableData::RunningEggs.erase(npc->id);
+        NPCManager::destroyNPC(npc->id);
         return;
     }
 
-    if (TableData::RunningMobs.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) == TableData::RunningMobs.end()
-        && TableData::RunningGroups.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) == TableData::RunningGroups.end()) {
+    if (TableData::RunningMobs.find(npc->id) == TableData::RunningMobs.end()
+        && TableData::RunningGroups.find(npc->id) == TableData::RunningGroups.end()) {
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: Closest NPC is not a gruntwork mob.");
         return;
     }
 
-    if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) != NPCManager::NPCs.end() && NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID]->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+    if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(npc->id) != NPCManager::NPCs.end() && NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id]->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
         int leadId = ((Mob*)npc)->groupLeader;
         if (leadId != 0) {
-            if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(leadId) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[leadId]->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+            if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(leadId) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[leadId]->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
                 std::cout << "[WARN] unsummonW: leader not found!" << std::endl;
             }
             Mob* leadNpc = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[leadId];
@@ -293,7 +295,7 @@ static void unsummonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, C
                 if (leadNpc->groupMember[i] == 0)
                     break;
 
-                if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(leadNpc->groupMember[i]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[leadNpc->groupMember[i]]->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+                if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(leadNpc->groupMember[i]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[leadNpc->groupMember[i]]->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
                     std::cout << "[WARN] unsommonW: leader can't find a group member!" << std::endl;
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -307,12 +309,12 @@ static void unsummonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, C
         }
     }
 
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: removed mob with type: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPCType) +
-        ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: removed mob with type: " + std::to_string(npc->type) +
+        ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
 
-    TableData::RunningMobs.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+    TableData::RunningMobs.erase(npc->id);
 
-    NPCManager::destroyNPC(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+    NPCManager::destroyNPC(npc->id);
 }
 
 static void toggleAiCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -323,11 +325,11 @@ static void toggleAiCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CN
 
     // return all mobs to their spawn points
     for (auto& pair : NPCManager::NPCs) {
-        if (pair.second->type != EntityType::MOB)
+        if (pair.second->kind != EntityKind::MOB)
             continue;
 
         Mob* mob = (Mob*)pair.second;
-        mob->state = MobState::RETREAT;
+        mob->state = AIState::RETREAT;
         mob->target = nullptr;
         mob->nextMovement = getTime();
 
@@ -355,34 +357,27 @@ static void npcRotateCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, C
     }
 
     int angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, npc->instanceID, angle);
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, npc->instanceID, angle);
 
-    // if it's a gruntwork NPC, rotate in-place
-    if (TableData::RunningMobs.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) != TableData::RunningMobs.end()) {
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, npc->instanceID, angle);
+    bool isGruntworkNpc = true;
 
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[NPCR] Successfully set angle to " + std::to_string(angle) + " for gruntwork NPC "
-            + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
-    } else {
-        TableData::RunningNPCRotations[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = angle;
-
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[NPCR] Successfully set angle to " + std::to_string(angle) + " for NPC "
-            + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+    // add a rotation entry to the gruntwork file, unless it's already a gruntwork NPC
+    if (TableData::RunningMobs.find(npc->id) == TableData::RunningMobs.end()) {
+        TableData::RunningNPCRotations[npc->id] = angle;
+        isGruntworkNpc = false;
     }
 
-    // update rotation clientside
-    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NPC_ENTER, pkt);
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData = npc->appearanceData;
-    sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_NPC_ENTER);
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[NPCR] Successfully set angle to " + std::to_string(angle) +
+        " for " + (isGruntworkNpc ? "gruntwork " : "") + "NPC " + std::to_string(npc->id));
+
+    // update rotation clientside by refreshing the player's chunks (same as the /refresh command)
+    PlayerManager::updatePlayerPositionForWarp(sock, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID);
 }
 
 static void refreshCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
-    EntityRef ref = {sock};
-    Entity* plr = ref.getEntity();
-    ChunkPos currentChunk = plr->chunkPos;
-    ChunkPos nullChunk = std::make_tuple(0, 0, 0);
-    Chunking::updateEntityChunk(ref, currentChunk, nullChunk);
-    Chunking::updateEntityChunk(ref, nullChunk, currentChunk);
+    Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+
+    PlayerManager::updatePlayerPositionForWarp(sock, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID);
 }
 
 static void instanceCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -445,9 +440,9 @@ static void npcInstanceCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args,
         return;
     }
 
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[NPCI] Moving NPC with ID " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) + " to instance " + std::to_string(instance));
-    TableData::RunningNPCMapNumbers[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = instance;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, instance, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[NPCI] Moving NPC with ID " + std::to_string(npc->id) + " to instance " + std::to_string(instance));
+    TableData::RunningNPCMapNumbers[npc->id] = instance;
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, instance, npc->angle);
 }
 
 static void minfoCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -503,9 +498,12 @@ static void buffCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
     if (*tmp)
         return;
 
-    if (Eggs::eggBuffPlayer(sock, skillId, 0, duration)<0)
+    if (Abilities::SkillTable.count(skillId) == 0) {
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/buff: unknown skill Id");
-    
+        return;
+    }
+
+    Eggs::eggBuffPlayer(sock, skillId, 0, duration);
 }
 
 static void eggCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -534,7 +532,7 @@ static void eggCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocke
     int addX = 0; //-500.0f * sin(plr->angle / 180.0f * M_PI);
     int addY = 0;  //-500.0f * cos(plr->angle / 180.0f * M_PI);
 
-    Egg* egg = new Egg(plr->x + addX, plr->y + addY, plr->z, plr->instanceID, eggType, id, false); // change last arg to true after gruntwork
+    Egg* egg = new Egg(plr->instanceID, eggType, id, false); // change last arg to true after gruntwork
     NPCManager::NPCs[id] = egg;
     NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(id, plr->x + addX, plr->y + addY, plr->z, plr->instanceID, plr->angle);
 
@@ -611,40 +609,40 @@ static void summonGroupCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args,
         }
 
         BaseNPC *npc = NPCManager::summonNPC(x, y, z, plr->instanceID, type, wCommand);
-        if (team == 2 && i > 0 && npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
-            leadNpc->groupMember[i-1] = npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
-            Mob* mob = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID];
-            mob->groupLeader = leadNpc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+        if (team == 2 && i > 0 && npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
+            leadNpc->groupMember[i-1] = npc->id;
+            Mob* mob = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id];
+            mob->groupLeader = leadNpc->id;
             mob->offsetX = x - plr->x;
             mob->offsetY = y - plr->y;
         }
 
-        npc->appearanceData.iAngle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, x, y, z, plr->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        npc->angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, x, y, z, plr->instanceID, npc->angle);
 
         // if we're in a lair, we need to spawn the NPC in both the private instance and the template
         if (PLAYERID(plr->instanceID) != 0) {
             npc = NPCManager::summonNPC(plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, type, wCommand, true);
 
-            if (team == 2 && i > 0 && npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
-                leadNpc->groupMember[i-1] = npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
-                Mob* mob = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID];
-                mob->groupLeader = leadNpc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+            if (team == 2 && i > 0 && npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
+                leadNpc->groupMember[i-1] = npc->id;
+                Mob* mob = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id];
+                mob->groupLeader = leadNpc->id;
                 mob->offsetX = x - plr->x;
                 mob->offsetY = y - plr->y;
             }
 
-            npc->appearanceData.iAngle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, x, y, z, plr->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+            npc->angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
+            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, x, y, z, plr->instanceID, npc->angle);
         }
 
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/summonGroup(W): placed mob with type: " + std::to_string(type) +
-            ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+            ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
 
-        if (i == 0 && team == 2 && npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (i == 0 && team == 2 && npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
             type = type2;
-            leadNpc = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID];
-            leadNpc->groupLeader = leadNpc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+            leadNpc = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id];
+            leadNpc->groupLeader = leadNpc->id;
         }
     }
 
@@ -656,7 +654,7 @@ static void summonGroupCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args,
         return;
     }
 
-    TableData::RunningGroups[leadNpc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = leadNpc; // only record the leader
+    TableData::RunningGroups[leadNpc->id] = leadNpc; // only record the leader
 }
 
 static void flushCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -673,15 +671,14 @@ static void whoisCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSoc
         return;
     }
 
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] ID: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Type: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPCType));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] HP: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iHP));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] CBF: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] EntityType: " + std::to_string((int)npc->type));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] ID: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Type: " + std::to_string(npc->type));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] HP: " + std::to_string(npc->hp));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] EntityType: " + std::to_string((int)npc->kind));
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] X: " + std::to_string(npc->x));
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Y: " + std::to_string(npc->y));
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Z: " + std::to_string(npc->z));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Angle: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iAngle));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Angle: " + std::to_string(npc->angle));
     std::string chunkPosition = std::to_string(std::get<0>(npc->chunkPos)) + ", " + std::to_string(std::get<1>(npc->chunkPos)) + ", " + std::to_string(std::get<2>(npc->chunkPos));
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Chunk: {" + chunkPosition + "}");
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] MapNum: " + std::to_string(MAPNUM(npc->instanceID)));
@@ -690,39 +687,35 @@ static void whoisCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSoc
 
 static void lairUnlockCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    if (!Chunking::chunkExists(plr->chunkPos))
-        return;
 
-    Chunk* chnk = Chunking::chunks[plr->chunkPos];
     int taskID = -1;
     int missionID = -1;
-    int found = 0;
-    for (const EntityRef& ref : chnk->entities) {
-        if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
-            continue;
+    int lastDist = INT_MAX;
+    for (Chunk *chnk : Chunking::getViewableChunks(plr->chunkPos)) {
+        for (const EntityRef& ref : chnk->entities) {
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
+                continue;
 
-        int32_t id = ref.id;
-        if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(id) == NPCManager::NPCs.end())
-            continue;
+            BaseNPC* npc = (BaseNPC*)ref.getEntity();
 
-        BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[id];
-        for (auto it = NPCManager::Warps.begin(); it != NPCManager::Warps.end(); it++) {
-            if ((*it).second.npcID == npc->appearanceData.iNPCType) {
-                taskID = (*it).second.limitTaskID;
-                missionID = Missions::Tasks[taskID]->task["m_iHMissionID"];
-                found++;
-                break;
+            int distXY = std::hypot(plr->x - npc->x, plr->y - npc->y);
+            int dist = std::hypot(distXY, plr->z - npc->z);
+            if (dist >= lastDist)
+                continue;
+
+            for (auto it = NPCManager::Warps.begin(); it != NPCManager::Warps.end(); it++) {
+                if (it->second.npcID == npc->type) {
+                    taskID = it->second.limitTaskID;
+                    missionID = Missions::Tasks[taskID]->task["m_iHMissionID"];
+                    lastDist = dist;
+                    break;
+                }
             }
         }
     }
 
     if (missionID == -1 || taskID == -1) {
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "You are NOT standing near a lair portal; move around and try again!");
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (found > 1) {
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "More than one lair found; decrease chunk size and try again!");
+        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "No nearby Lair portals found.");
         return;
     }
 
@@ -983,11 +976,17 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
 
         // add first point at NPC's current location
         std::vector<BaseNPC*> pathPoints;
-        BaseNPC* marker = new BaseNPC(npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, 0, plr->instanceID, 1386, NPCManager::nextId--);
+        BaseNPC* marker = new BaseNPC(0, plr->instanceID, 1386, NPCManager::nextId--);
+
+        // assign coords manually, since we aren't actually adding markers to the world
+        marker->x = npc->x;
+        marker->y = npc->y;
+        marker->z = npc->z;
+
         pathPoints.push_back(marker);
         // map from player
         TableData::RunningNPCPaths[plr->iID] = std::make_pair(npc, pathPoints);
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) + " is now following you");
+        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->id) + " is now following you");
         updatePathMarkers(sock);
         return;
     }
@@ -1004,7 +1003,12 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
 
     // /path kf
     if (args[1] == "kf") {
-        BaseNPC* marker = new BaseNPC(npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, 0, plr->instanceID, 1386, NPCManager::nextId--);
+        BaseNPC* marker = new BaseNPC(0, plr->instanceID, 1386, NPCManager::nextId--);
+
+        marker->x = npc->x;
+        marker->y = npc->y;
+        marker->z = npc->z;
+
         entry->second.push_back(marker);
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] Added keyframe");
         updatePathMarkers(sock);
@@ -1014,8 +1018,8 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
     // /path here
     if (args[1] == "here") {
         // bring the NPC to where the player is standing
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // delete transport queue
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->id); // delete transport queue
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
         npc->disappearFromViewOf(sock);
         npc->enterIntoViewOf(sock);
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] Come here");
@@ -1053,9 +1057,9 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
             speed = speedArg;
         }
         // return NPC to home
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // delete transport queue
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->id); // delete transport queue
         BaseNPC* home = entry->second[0];
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
         npc->disappearFromViewOf(sock);
         npc->enterIntoViewOf(sock);
 
@@ -1071,7 +1075,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
             Transport::lerp(&keyframes, from, to, speed); // lerp from A to B
             from = to; // update point A
         }
-        Transport::NPCQueues[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = keyframes;
+        Transport::NPCQueues[npc->id] = keyframes;
         entry->second.pop_back(); // remove temp end point
 
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] Testing NPC path");
@@ -1081,9 +1085,9 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
     // /path cancel
     if (args[1] == "cancel") {
         // return NPC to home
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // delete transport queue
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->id); // delete transport queue
         BaseNPC* home = entry->second[0];
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
         npc->disappearFromViewOf(sock);
         npc->enterIntoViewOf(sock);
         // deallocate markers
@@ -1093,7 +1097,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
         }
         // unmap
         TableData::RunningNPCPaths.erase(plr->iID);
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) + " is no longer following you");
+        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->id) + " is no longer following you");
         return;
     }
 
@@ -1121,9 +1125,9 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
         }
 
         // return NPC to home and set path to repeat
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // delete transport queue
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->id); // delete transport queue
         BaseNPC* home = entry->second[0];
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
         npc->disappearFromViewOf(sock);
         npc->enterIntoViewOf(sock);
         npc->loopingPath = true;
@@ -1140,7 +1144,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
             Transport::lerp(&keyframes, from, to, speed); // lerp from A to B
             from = to; // update point A
         }
-        Transport::NPCQueues[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = keyframes;
+        Transport::NPCQueues[npc->id] = keyframes;
         entry->second.pop_back(); // remove temp end point
 
         // save to gruntwork
@@ -1167,7 +1171,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
         finishedPath.isLoop = true;
         finishedPath.speed = speed;
         finishedPath.points = finalPoints;
-        finishedPath.targetIDs.push_back(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+        finishedPath.targetIDs.push_back(npc->id);
 
         TableData::FinishedNPCPaths.push_back(finishedPath);
 
@@ -1179,7 +1183,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
         // unmap
         TableData::RunningNPCPaths.erase(plr->iID);
 
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) + " is no longer following you");
+        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->id) + " is no longer following you");
 
         TableData::flush();
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] Path saved to gruntwork");

src/CustomCommands.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
 
+#include <string>
+
 namespace CustomCommands {
     void init();
 

src/Eggs.cpp

@@ -1,141 +1,124 @@
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
 #include "Eggs.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
 #include "Abilities.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
 using namespace Eggs;
 
-/// sock, CBFlag -> until
-std::map<std::pair<CNSocket*, int32_t>, time_t> Eggs::EggBuffs;
 std::unordered_map<int, EggType> Eggs::EggTypes;
 
-int Eggs::eggBuffPlayer(CNSocket* sock, int skillId, int eggId, int duration) {
+void Eggs::eggBuffPlayer(CNSocket* sock, int skillId, int eggId, int duration) {
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
 
-    int bitFlag = Groups::getGroupFlags(otherPlr);
-    int CBFlag = Nanos::applyBuff(sock, skillId, 1, 3, bitFlag);
+    // eggId might be 0 if the buff is made by the /buff command
+    EntityRef src = eggId == 0 ? sock : EntityRef(eggId);
+    
+    if(Abilities::SkillTable.count(skillId) == 0) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] egg " << eggId << " has skill ID " << skillId << " which doesn't exist" << std::endl;
+        return;
+    }
 
-    size_t resplen; 
+    SkillResult result = SkillResult();
+    SkillData* skill = &Abilities::SkillTable[skillId];
+    if(skill->drainType == SkillDrainType::PASSIVE) {
+        // apply buff
+        if(skill->targetType != SkillTargetType::PLAYERS) {
+            std::cout << "[WARN] weird skill type for egg " << eggId << " with skill " << skillId << ", should be " << (int)skill->targetType << std::endl;
+        }
 
-    if (skillId == 183) {
-        resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT) + sizeof(sSkillResult_Damage);
-    } else if (skillId == 150) {
-        resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT) + sizeof(sSkillResult_Heal_HP);
+        int timeBuffId = Abilities::getCSTBFromST(skill->skillType);
+        int value = skill->values[0][0];
+        BuffStack eggBuff = {
+            duration * 1000 / MS_PER_PLAYER_TICK,
+            value,
+            src,
+            BuffClass::EGG
+        };
+        plr->addBuff(timeBuffId,
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack) {
+                Buffs::timeBuffUpdate(self, buff, status, stack);
+                if(status == ETBU_DEL) Buffs::timeBuffTimeout(self);
+            },
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, time_t currTime) {
+                // no-op
+            },
+            &eggBuff);
+
+        sSkillResult_Buff resultBuff{};
+        resultBuff.eCT = plr->getCharType();
+        resultBuff.iID = plr->getID();
+        resultBuff.bProtected = false;
+        resultBuff.iConditionBitFlag = plr->getCompositeCondition();
+        result = SkillResult(sizeof(sSkillResult_Buff), &resultBuff);
     } else {
-        resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT) + sizeof(sSkillResult_Buff);
-    }
-    assert(resplen < CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE - 8);
-    // we know it's only one trailing struct, so we can skip full validation
-
-    uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
-    auto skillUse = (sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT*)respbuf;
-
-    if (skillId == 183) { // damage egg
-        auto skill = (sSkillResult_Damage*)(respbuf + sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT));
-        memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-        skill->eCT = 1;
-        skill->iID = plr->iID;
-        skill->iDamage = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) * Nanos::SkillTable[skillId].powerIntensity[0] / 1000;
-        plr->HP -= skill->iDamage;
-        if (plr->HP < 0)
-            plr->HP = 0;
-        skill->iHP = plr->HP;
-    } else if (skillId == 150) { // heal egg
-        auto skill = (sSkillResult_Heal_HP*)(respbuf + sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT));
-        memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-        skill->eCT = 1;
-        skill->iID = plr->iID;
-        skill->iHealHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) * Nanos::SkillTable[skillId].powerIntensity[0] / 1000;
-        plr->HP += skill->iHealHP;
-        if (plr->HP > PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level))
-            plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level);
-        skill->iHP = plr->HP;
-    } else { // regular buff egg
-        auto skill = (sSkillResult_Buff*)(respbuf + sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT));
-        memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-        skill->eCT = 1;
-        skill->iID = plr->iID;
-        skill->iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag;
-    }
-
-    skillUse->iNPC_ID = eggId;
-    skillUse->iSkillID = skillId;
-    skillUse->eST = Nanos::SkillTable[skillId].skillType;
-    skillUse->iTargetCnt = 1;
-
-    sock->sendPacket((void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT, resplen);
-    PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT, resplen);
-
-    if (CBFlag == 0)
-        return -1;
-
-    std::pair<CNSocket*, int32_t> key = std::make_pair(sock, CBFlag);
-
-    // save the buff serverside;
-    // if you get the same buff again, new duration will override the previous one
-    time_t until = getTime() + (time_t)duration * 1000;
-    EggBuffs[key] = until;
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static void eggStep(CNServer* serv, time_t currTime) {
-    // tick buffs
-    time_t timeStamp = currTime;
-    auto it = EggBuffs.begin();
-    while (it != EggBuffs.end()) {
-        // check remaining time
-        if (it->second > timeStamp) {
-            it++;
-        } else { // if time reached 0
-            CNSocket* sock = it->first.first;
-            int32_t CBFlag = it->first.second;
-            Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-            Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-
-            int groupFlags = Groups::getGroupFlags(otherPlr);
-            for (auto& pwr : Nanos::NanoPowers) {
-                if (pwr.bitFlag == CBFlag) { // pick the power with the right flag and unbuff
-                    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, resp);
-                    resp.eCSTB = pwr.timeBuffID;
-                    resp.eTBU = 2;
-                    resp.eTBT = 3; // for egg buffs
-                    plr->iConditionBitFlag &= ~CBFlag;
-                    resp.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag |= groupFlags | plr->iSelfConditionBitFlag;
-                    sock->sendPacket(resp, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE);
-
-                    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, resp2); // send a buff timeout to other players
-                    resp2.eCT = 1;
-                    resp2.iID = plr->iID;
-                    resp2.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag;
-                    PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, resp2, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT);
-                }
-            }
-            // remove buff from the map
-            it = EggBuffs.erase(it);
+        int value = plr->getMaxHP() * skill->values[0][0] / 1000;
+        sSkillResult_Damage resultDamage{};
+        sSkillResult_Heal_HP resultHeal{};
+        switch(skill->skillType)
+        {
+            case SkillType::DAMAGE:
+                resultDamage.bProtected = false;
+                resultDamage.eCT = plr->getCharType();
+                resultDamage.iID = plr->getID();
+                resultDamage.iDamage = plr->takeDamage(src, value);
+                resultDamage.iHP = plr->getCurrentHP();
+                result = SkillResult(sizeof(sSkillResult_Damage), &resultDamage);
+                break;
+            case SkillType::HEAL_HP:
+                resultHeal.eCT = plr->getCharType();
+                resultHeal.iID = plr->getID();
+                resultHeal.iHealHP = plr->heal(src, value);
+                resultHeal.iHP = plr->getCurrentHP();
+                result = SkillResult(sizeof(sSkillResult_Heal_HP), &resultHeal);
+                break;
+            default:
+                std::cout << "[WARN] oops, egg with active skill type " << (int)skill->skillType << " unhandled";
+                return;
         }
     }
 
+    // initialize response struct
+    size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT) + result.size;
+    uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
+    memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
+
+    sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT* pkt = (sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT*)respbuf;
+    pkt->iNPC_ID = eggId;
+    pkt->iSkillID = skillId;
+    pkt->eST = (int32_t)skill->skillType;
+    pkt->iTargetCnt = 1;
+
+    if(result.size > 0) {
+        void* attached = (void*)(pkt + 1);
+        memcpy(attached, result.payload, result.size);
+    }
+    
+    NPCManager::sendToViewable(src.getEntity(), pkt, P_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT, resplen);
+}
+
+static void eggStep(CNServer* serv, time_t currTime) {
     // check dead eggs and eggs in inactive chunks
     for (auto npc : NPCManager::NPCs) {
-        if (npc.second->type != EntityType::EGG)
+        if (npc.second->kind != EntityKind::EGG)
             continue;
 
         auto egg = (Egg*)npc.second;
         if (!egg->dead || !Chunking::inPopulatedChunks(&egg->viewableChunks))
             continue;
 
-        if (egg->deadUntil <= timeStamp) {
+        if (egg->deadUntil <= currTime) {
             // respawn it
             egg->dead = false;
             egg->deadUntil = 0;
-            egg->appearanceData.iHP = 400;
+            egg->hp = 400;
             
             Chunking::addEntityToChunks(Chunking::getViewableChunks(egg->chunkPos), {npc.first});
         }
@@ -163,7 +146,7 @@ static void eggPickup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         return;
     }
     auto egg = (Egg*)eggRef.getEntity();
-    if (egg->type != EntityType::EGG) {
+    if (egg->kind != EntityKind::EGG) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] Player tried to open something other than an?!" << std::endl;
         return;
     }
@@ -180,7 +163,7 @@ static void eggPickup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     }
     */
 
-    int typeId = egg->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+    int typeId = egg->type;
     if (EggTypes.find(typeId) == EggTypes.end()) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] Egg Type " << typeId << " not found!" << std::endl;
         return;
@@ -188,16 +171,13 @@ static void eggPickup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     EggType* type = &EggTypes[typeId];
 
-    // buff the player
-    if (type->effectId != 0)
-        eggBuffPlayer(sock, type->effectId, eggRef.id, type->duration);
-
     /*
      * SHINY_PICKUP_SUCC is only causing a GUI effect in the client
      * (buff icon pops up in the bottom of the screen)
      * so we don't send it for non-effect
      */
     if (type->effectId != 0) {
+        eggBuffPlayer(sock, type->effectId, eggRef.id, type->duration);
         INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_SHINY_PICKUP_SUCC, resp);
         resp.iSkillID = type->effectId;
 
@@ -255,7 +235,7 @@ static void eggPickup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         Chunking::removeEntityFromChunks(Chunking::getViewableChunks(egg->chunkPos), eggRef);
         egg->dead = true;
         egg->deadUntil = getTime() + (time_t)type->regen * 1000;
-        egg->appearanceData.iHP = 0;
+        egg->hp = 0;
     }
 }
 

src/Eggs.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "Entities.hpp"
 
 struct EggType {
     int dropCrateId;
@@ -11,12 +10,10 @@ struct EggType {
 };
 
 namespace Eggs {
-    extern std::map<std::pair<CNSocket*, int32_t>, time_t> EggBuffs;
     extern std::unordered_map<int, EggType> EggTypes;
 
     void init();
 
-    /// returns -1 on fail
-    int eggBuffPlayer(CNSocket* sock, int skillId, int eggId, int duration);
+    void eggBuffPlayer(CNSocket* sock, int skillId, int eggId, int duration);
     void npcDataToEggData(int x, int y, int z, sNPCAppearanceData* npc, sShinyAppearanceData* egg);
 }

src/Email.cpp

@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 #include "Email.hpp"
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
 #include "Chat.hpp"
 
 using namespace Email;
 
+std::vector<std::string> Email::dump;
+
 // New email notification
 static void emailUpdateCheck(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_NEW_EMAIL, resp);
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ static void emailReceiveItemSingle(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     auto pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_RECV_EMAIL_ITEM*)data->buf;
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
-    if (pkt->iSlotNum < 0 || pkt->iSlotNum >= AINVEN_COUNT || pkt->iSlotNum < 1 || pkt->iSlotNum > 4)
+    if (pkt->iSlotNum < 0 || pkt->iSlotNum >= AINVEN_COUNT || pkt->iEmailItemSlot < 1 || pkt->iEmailItemSlot > 4)
         return; // sanity check
 
     // get email item from db and delete it
@@ -226,10 +228,10 @@ static void emailSend(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_SEND_EMAIL_SUCC, resp);
 
+    Player otherPlr = {};
+    Database::getPlayer(&otherPlr, pkt->iTo_PCUID);
     if (pkt->iCash || pkt->aItem[0].ItemInven.iID) {
         // if there are item or taro attachments
-        Player otherPlr = {};
-        Database::getPlayer(&otherPlr, pkt->iTo_PCUID);
         if (otherPlr.iID != 0 && plr->PCStyle2.iPayzoneFlag != otherPlr.PCStyle2.iPayzoneFlag) {
             // if the players are not in the same time period
             INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_SEND_EMAIL_FAIL, resp);
@@ -250,11 +252,26 @@ static void emailSend(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         if (attachment.ItemInven.iID == 0)
             continue;
 
+        sItemBase* item = &pkt->aItem[i].ItemInven;
+        sItemBase* real = &plr->Inven[attachment.iSlotNum];
+
         resp.aItem[i] = attachment;
         attachments.push_back(attachment.ItemInven);
         attSlots.push_back(attachment.iSlotNum);
-        // delete item
-        plr->Inven[attachment.iSlotNum] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+        if (real->iOpt <= item->iOpt) // delete item (if they attached the whole stack)
+            *real = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+        else // otherwise, decrement the item
+            real->iOpt -= item->iOpt;
+
+        // HACK: update the slot
+        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_ITEM_MOVE_SUCC, itemResp);
+        itemResp.iFromSlotNum = attachment.iSlotNum;
+        itemResp.iToSlotNum = attachment.iSlotNum;
+        itemResp.FromSlotItem = *real;
+        itemResp.ToSlotItem = *real;
+        itemResp.eFrom = (int32_t)Items::SlotType::INVENTORY;
+        itemResp.eTo = (int32_t)Items::SlotType::INVENTORY;
+        sock->sendPacket(itemResp, P_FE2CL_PC_ITEM_MOVE_SUCC);
     }
 
     int cost = pkt->iCash + 50 + 20 * attachments.size(); // attached taros + postage
@@ -274,7 +291,7 @@ static void emailSend(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         0 // DeleteTime (unimplemented)
     };
 
-    if (!Database::sendEmail(&email, attachments)) {
+    if (!Database::sendEmail(&email, attachments, plr)) {
         plr->money += cost; // give money back
         // give items back
         while (!attachments.empty()) {
@@ -304,6 +321,10 @@ static void emailSend(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp.iTo_PCUID = pkt->iTo_PCUID;
 
     sock->sendPacket(resp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_SEND_EMAIL_SUCC);
+
+    std::string logEmail = "[Email] " + PlayerManager::getPlayerName(plr, true) + " (to " + PlayerManager::getPlayerName(&otherPlr, true) + "): <" + email.SubjectLine + ">\n" + email.MsgBody;
+    std::cout << logEmail << std::endl;
+    dump.push_back(logEmail);
 }
 
 void Email::init() {

src/Email.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+
 namespace Email {
-	void init();
+    extern std::vector<std::string> dump;
+    
+    void init();
 }

src/Entities.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
 #include "Entities.hpp"
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Eggs.hpp"
-#include "MobAI.hpp"
 
-#include <type_traits>
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+
+#include <assert.h>
 
 static_assert(std::is_standard_layout<EntityRef>::value);
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<EntityRef>::value);
 
 EntityRef::EntityRef(CNSocket *s) {
-    type = EntityType::PLAYER;
+    kind = EntityKind::PLAYER;
     sock = s;
 }
 
@@ -20,11 +17,11 @@ EntityRef::EntityRef(int32_t i) {
     id = i;
 
     assert(NPCManager::NPCs.find(id) != NPCManager::NPCs.end());
-    type = NPCManager::NPCs[id]->type;
+    kind = NPCManager::NPCs[id]->kind;
 }
 
 bool EntityRef::isValid() const {
-    if (type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    if (kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
         return PlayerManager::players.find(sock) != PlayerManager::players.end();
 
     return NPCManager::NPCs.find(id) != NPCManager::NPCs.end();
@@ -33,21 +30,38 @@ bool EntityRef::isValid() const {
 Entity *EntityRef::getEntity() const {
     assert(isValid());
 
-    if (type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    if (kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
         return PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
     return NPCManager::NPCs[id];
 }
 
+sNPCAppearanceData BaseNPC::getAppearanceData() {
+    sNPCAppearanceData data = {};
+    data.iAngle = angle;
+    data.iBarkerType = 0; // unused?
+    data.iConditionBitFlag = 0;
+    data.iHP = hp;
+    data.iNPCType = type;
+    data.iNPC_ID = id;
+    data.iX = x;
+    data.iY = y;
+    data.iZ = z;
+    return data;
+}
+
+sNPCAppearanceData CombatNPC::getAppearanceData() {
+    sNPCAppearanceData data = BaseNPC::getAppearanceData();
+    data.iConditionBitFlag = getCompositeCondition();
+    return data;
+}
+
 /*
  * Entity coming into view.
  */
 void BaseNPC::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NPC_ENTER, pkt);
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData = appearanceData;
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData.iX = x;
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData.iY = y;
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData.iZ = z;
+    pkt.NPCAppearanceData = getAppearanceData();
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_NPC_ENTER);
 }
 
@@ -56,7 +70,7 @@ void Bus::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
 
     // TODO: Potentially decouple this from BaseNPC?
     pkt.AppearanceData = {
-        3, appearanceData.iNPC_ID, appearanceData.iNPCType,
+        3, id, type,
         x, y, z
     };
 
@@ -66,28 +80,40 @@ void Bus::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
 void Egg::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_SHINY_ENTER, pkt);
 
-    Eggs::npcDataToEggData(x, y, z, &appearanceData, &pkt.ShinyAppearanceData);
+    // TODO: Potentially decouple this from BaseNPC?
+    pkt.ShinyAppearanceData = {
+        id, type, 0, // client doesn't care about map num
+        x, y, z
+    };
 
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_SHINY_ENTER);
 }
-    
+
+sNano* Player::getActiveNano() {
+    return &Nanos[activeNano];
+}
+
+sPCAppearanceData Player::getAppearanceData() {
+    sPCAppearanceData data = {};
+    data.iID = iID;
+    data.iHP = HP;
+    data.iLv = level;
+    data.iX = x;
+    data.iY = y;
+    data.iZ = z;
+    data.iAngle = angle;
+    data.PCStyle = PCStyle;
+    data.Nano = Nanos[activeNano];
+    data.iPCState = iPCState;
+    data.iSpecialState = iSpecialState;
+    memcpy(data.ItemEquip, Equip, sizeof(sItemBase) * AEQUIP_COUNT);
+    return data;
+}
+
 // TODO: this is less effiecient than it was, because of memset()
 void Player::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_NEW, pkt);
-
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iID = iID;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iHP = HP;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iLv = level;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iX = x;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iY = y;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iZ = z;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iAngle = angle;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.PCStyle = PCStyle;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.Nano = Nanos[activeNano];
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iPCState = iPCState;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iSpecialState = iSpecialState;
-    memcpy(pkt.PCAppearanceData.ItemEquip, Equip, sizeof(sItemBase) * AEQUIP_COUNT);
-
+    pkt.PCAppearanceData = getAppearanceData();
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_PC_NEW);
 }
 
@@ -96,20 +122,20 @@ void Player::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
  */
 void BaseNPC::disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NPC_EXIT, pkt);
-    pkt.iNPC_ID = appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+    pkt.iNPC_ID = id;
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_NPC_EXIT);
 }
 
 void Bus::disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_EXIT, pkt);
     pkt.eTT = 3;
-    pkt.iT_ID = appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+    pkt.iT_ID = id;
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_EXIT);
 }
 
 void Egg::disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_SHINY_EXIT, pkt);
-    pkt.iShinyID = appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+    pkt.iShinyID = id;
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_SHINY_EXIT);
 }
 

src/Entities.hpp

@@ -2,23 +2,25 @@
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
 
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <set>
+#include "EntityRef.hpp"
+#include "Buffs.hpp"
+#include "Chunking.hpp"
+#include "Groups.hpp"
 
-enum class EntityType : uint8_t {
-    INVALID,
-    PLAYER,
-    SIMPLE_NPC,
-    COMBAT_NPC,
-    MOB,
-    EGG,
-    BUS
+#include <set>
+#include <map>
+#include <functional>
+
+enum class AIState {
+    INACTIVE,
+    ROAMING,
+    COMBAT,
+    RETREAT,
+    DEAD
 };
 
-class Chunk;
-
 struct Entity {
-    EntityType type = EntityType::INVALID;
+    EntityKind kind = EntityKind::INVALID;
     int x = 0, y = 0, z = 0;
     uint64_t instanceID = 0;
     ChunkPos chunkPos = {};
@@ -27,47 +29,39 @@ struct Entity {
     // destructor must be virtual, apparently
     virtual ~Entity() {}
 
-    virtual bool isAlive() { return true; }
+    virtual bool isExtant() { return true; }
 
     // stubs
     virtual void enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) = 0;
     virtual void disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) = 0;
 };
 
-struct EntityRef {
-    EntityType type;
-    union {
-        CNSocket *sock;
-        int32_t id;
-    };
+/*
+ * Interfaces
+ */
+class ICombatant {
+public:
+    ICombatant() {}
+    virtual ~ICombatant() {}
 
-    EntityRef(CNSocket *s);
-    EntityRef(int32_t i);
-
-    bool isValid() const;
-    Entity *getEntity() const;
-
-    bool operator==(const EntityRef& other) const {
-        if (type != other.type)
-            return false;
-
-        if (type == EntityType::PLAYER)
-            return sock == other.sock;
-
-        return id == other.id;
-    }
-
-    // arbitrary ordering
-    bool operator<(const EntityRef& other) const {
-        if (type == other.type) {
-            if (type == EntityType::PLAYER)
-                return sock < other.sock;
-            else
-                return id < other.id;
-        }
-
-        return type < other.type;
-    }
+    virtual bool addBuff(int, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*>, BuffCallback<time_t>, BuffStack*) = 0;
+    virtual Buff* getBuff(int) = 0;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int) = 0;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int, BuffClass) = 0;
+    virtual void clearBuffs(bool) = 0;
+    virtual bool hasBuff(int) = 0;
+    virtual int getCompositeCondition() = 0;
+    virtual int takeDamage(EntityRef, int) = 0;
+    virtual int heal(EntityRef, int) = 0;
+    virtual bool isAlive() = 0;
+    virtual int getCurrentHP() = 0;
+    virtual int getMaxHP() = 0;
+    virtual int getLevel() = 0;
+    virtual std::vector<EntityRef> getGroupMembers() = 0;
+    virtual int32_t getCharType() = 0;
+    virtual int32_t getID() = 0;
+    virtual EntityRef getRef() = 0;
+    virtual void step(time_t currTime) = 0;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -75,75 +69,105 @@ struct EntityRef {
  */
 class BaseNPC : public Entity {
 public:
-    sNPCAppearanceData appearanceData = {};
+    int id;
+    int type;
+    int hp;
+    int angle;
     bool loopingPath = false;
 
-    BaseNPC(int _X, int _Y, int _Z, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id) { // XXX
-        x = _X;
-        y = _Y;
-        z = _Z;
-        appearanceData.iNPCType = t;
-        appearanceData.iHP = 400;
-        appearanceData.iAngle = angle;
-        appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag = 0;
-        appearanceData.iBarkerType = 0;
-        appearanceData.iNPC_ID = id;
-
+    BaseNPC(int _A, uint64_t iID, int t, int _id) {
+        kind = EntityKind::SIMPLE_NPC;
+        type = t;
+        hp = 400;
+        angle = _A;
+        id = _id;
         instanceID = iID;
     };
 
     virtual void enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
     virtual void disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
+
+    virtual sNPCAppearanceData getAppearanceData();
 };
 
-struct CombatNPC : public BaseNPC {
+struct CombatNPC : public BaseNPC, public ICombatant {
     int maxHealth = 0;
     int spawnX = 0;
     int spawnY = 0;
     int spawnZ = 0;
     int level = 0;
     int speed = 300;
+    AIState state = AIState::INACTIVE;
+    Group* group = nullptr;
+    int playersInView = 0; // for optimizing away AI in empty chunks
 
-    void (*_stepAI)(CombatNPC*, time_t) = nullptr;
+    std::map<AIState, void (*)(CombatNPC*, time_t)> stateHandlers;
+    std::map<AIState, void (*)(CombatNPC*, EntityRef)> transitionHandlers;
 
-    // XXX
-    CombatNPC(int x, int y, int z, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id, int maxHP) :
-        BaseNPC(x, y, z, angle, iID, t, id),
-        maxHealth(maxHP) {}
+    std::unordered_map<int, Buff*> buffs = {};
 
-    virtual void stepAI(time_t currTime) {
-        if (_stepAI != nullptr)
-            _stepAI(this, currTime);
+    CombatNPC(int spawnX, int spawnY, int spawnZ, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id, int maxHP)
+        : BaseNPC(angle, iID, t, id), maxHealth(maxHP) {
+        this->spawnX = spawnX;
+        this->spawnY = spawnY;
+        this->spawnZ = spawnZ;
+
+        kind = EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC;
+
+        stateHandlers[AIState::INACTIVE] = {};
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::INACTIVE] = {};
     }
 
-    virtual bool isAlive() override { return appearanceData.iHP > 0; }
+    virtual sNPCAppearanceData getAppearanceData() override;
+
+    virtual bool isExtant() override { return hp > 0; }
+
+    virtual bool addBuff(int buffId, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> onTick, BuffStack* stack) override;
+    virtual Buff* getBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int buffId, BuffClass buffClass) override;
+    virtual void clearBuffs(bool force) override;
+    virtual bool hasBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual int getCompositeCondition() override;
+    virtual int takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual int heal(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual bool isAlive() override;
+    virtual int getCurrentHP() override;
+    virtual int getMaxHP() override;
+    virtual int getLevel() override;
+    virtual std::vector<EntityRef> getGroupMembers() override;
+    virtual int32_t getCharType() override;
+    virtual int32_t getID() override;
+    virtual EntityRef getRef() override;
+    virtual void step(time_t currTime) override;
+
+    virtual void transition(AIState newState, EntityRef src);
 };
 
 // Mob is in MobAI.hpp, Player is in Player.hpp
 
-// TODO: decouple from BaseNPC
 struct Egg : public BaseNPC {
     bool summoned = false;
     bool dead = false;
     time_t deadUntil;
 
-    Egg(int x, int y, int z, uint64_t iID, int t, int32_t id, bool summon)
-        : BaseNPC(x, y, z, 0, iID, t, id) {
+    Egg(uint64_t iID, int t, int32_t id, bool summon)
+        : BaseNPC(0, iID, t, id) {
         summoned = summon;
-        type = EntityType::EGG;
+        kind = EntityKind::EGG;
     }
 
-    virtual bool isAlive() override { return !dead; }
+    virtual bool isExtant() override { return !dead; }
 
     virtual void enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
     virtual void disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
 };
 
-// TODO: decouple from BaseNPC
 struct Bus : public BaseNPC {
-    Bus(int x, int y, int z, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id) :
-        BaseNPC(x, y, z, angle, iID, t, id) {
-        type = EntityType::BUS;
+    Bus(int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id) :
+        BaseNPC(angle, iID, t, id) {
+        kind = EntityKind::BUS;
+        loopingPath = true;
     }
 
     virtual void enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;

src/EntityRef.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+
+/* forward declaration(s) */
+struct Entity;
+
+enum EntityKind {
+    INVALID,
+    PLAYER,
+    SIMPLE_NPC,
+    COMBAT_NPC,
+    MOB,
+    EGG,
+    BUS
+};
+
+struct EntityRef {
+    EntityKind kind;
+    union {
+        CNSocket *sock;
+        int32_t id;
+    };
+
+    EntityRef(CNSocket *s);
+    EntityRef(int32_t i);
+
+    bool isValid() const;
+    Entity *getEntity() const;
+
+    bool operator==(const EntityRef& other) const {
+        if (kind != other.kind)
+            return false;
+
+        if (kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
+            return sock == other.sock;
+
+        return id == other.id;
+    }
+
+    bool operator!=(const EntityRef& other) const {
+        return !(*this == other);
+    }
+
+    // arbitrary ordering
+    bool operator<(const EntityRef& other) const {
+        if (kind == other.kind) {
+            if (kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
+                return sock < other.sock;
+            else
+                return id < other.id;
+        }
+
+        return kind < other.kind;
+    }
+};

src/Groups.cpp

@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Groups.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Abilities.hpp"
 
-#include <iostream>
-#include <chrono>
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <thread>
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
 
 /*
  * NOTE: Variadic response packets that list group members are technically
@@ -19,22 +16,177 @@
 
 using namespace Groups;
 
+Group::Group(EntityRef leader) {
+    addToGroup(this, leader);
+}
+
+static void attachGroupData(std::vector<EntityRef>& pcs, std::vector<EntityRef>& npcs, uint8_t* pivot) {
+    for(EntityRef pcRef : pcs) {
+        sPCGroupMemberInfo* info = (sPCGroupMemberInfo*)pivot;
+
+        Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(pcRef.sock);
+        info->iPC_ID = plr->iID;
+        info->iPCUID = plr->PCStyle.iPC_UID;
+        info->iNameCheck = plr->PCStyle.iNameCheck;
+        memcpy(info->szFirstName, plr->PCStyle.szFirstName, sizeof(plr->PCStyle.szFirstName));
+        memcpy(info->szLastName, plr->PCStyle.szLastName, sizeof(plr->PCStyle.szLastName));
+        info->iSpecialState = plr->iSpecialState;
+        info->iLv = plr->level;
+        info->iHP = plr->HP;
+        info->iMaxHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level);
+        // info->iMapType = 0;
+        // info->iMapNum = 0;
+        info->iX = plr->x;
+        info->iY = plr->y;
+        info->iZ = plr->z;
+        if(plr->activeNano > 0) {
+            info->Nano = *plr->getActiveNano();
+            info->bNano = true;
+        }
+
+        pivot = (uint8_t*)(info + 1);
+    }
+    for(EntityRef npcRef : npcs) {
+        sNPCGroupMemberInfo* info = (sNPCGroupMemberInfo*)pivot;
+
+        // probably should not assume that the combatant is an
+        // entity, but it works for now
+        BaseNPC* npc = (BaseNPC*)npcRef.getEntity();
+        info->iNPC_ID = npcRef.id;
+        info->iNPC_Type = npc->type;
+        info->iHP = npc->hp;
+        info->iX = npc->x;
+        info->iY = npc->y;
+        info->iZ = npc->z;
+
+        pivot = (uint8_t*)(info + 1);
+    }
+}
+
+void Groups::addToGroup(Group* group, EntityRef member) {
+    if (member.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
+        Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(member.sock);
+        plr->group = group;
+    }
+    else if (member.kind == EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC) {
+        CombatNPC* npc = (CombatNPC*)member.getEntity();
+        npc->group = group;
+    }
+    else {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Adding a weird entity type to a group" << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    group->members.push_back(member);
+
+    if(member.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
+        std::vector<EntityRef> pcs = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
+        std::vector<EntityRef> npcs = group->filter(EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC);
+        size_t pcCount = pcs.size();
+        size_t npcCount = npcs.size();
+
+        uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        memset(respbuf, 0, CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE);
+        sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN* pkt = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN*)respbuf;
+
+        pkt->iID_NewMember = PlayerManager::getPlayer(member.sock)->iID;
+        pkt->iMemberPCCnt = (int32_t)pcCount;
+        pkt->iMemberNPCCnt = (int32_t)npcCount;
+
+        if(!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN), pcCount, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))
+            || !validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo), npcCount, sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
+            std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN packet size" << std::endl;
+        } else {
+            uint8_t* pivot = (uint8_t*)(pkt + 1);
+            attachGroupData(pcs, npcs, pivot);
+            // PC_GROUP_JOIN_SUCC and PC_GROUP_JOIN carry identical payloads but have different IDs
+            // (and the client does care!) so we need to send one to the new member
+            // and the other to the rest
+            size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo) + npcCount * sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo);
+            member.sock->sendPacket(respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN_SUCC, resplen);
+            sendToGroup(group, member, respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN, resplen);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool Groups::removeFromGroup(Group* group, EntityRef member) {
+    if (member.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
+        Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(member.sock);
+        plr->group = nullptr; // no dangling pointers here muahaahahah
+
+        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, leavePkt);
+        member.sock->sendPacket(leavePkt, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC);
+    }
+    else if (member.kind == EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC) {
+        CombatNPC* npc = (CombatNPC*)member.getEntity();
+        npc->group = nullptr;
+    }
+    else {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Removing a weird entity type from a group" << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    auto it = std::find(group->members.begin(), group->members.end(), member);
+    if (it == group->members.end()) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Tried to remove a member that isn't in the group" << std::endl;
+    } else {
+        group->members.erase(it);
+    }
+
+    if(member.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
+        std::vector<EntityRef> pcs = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
+        std::vector<EntityRef> npcs = group->filter(EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC);
+        size_t pcCount = pcs.size();
+        size_t npcCount = npcs.size();
+
+        uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        memset(respbuf, 0, CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE);
+        sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE* pkt = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE*)respbuf;
+
+        pkt->iID_LeaveMember = PlayerManager::getPlayer(member.sock)->iID;
+        pkt->iMemberPCCnt = (int32_t)pcCount;
+        pkt->iMemberNPCCnt = (int32_t)npcCount;
+
+        if(!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE), pcCount, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))
+            || !validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo), npcCount, sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
+            std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE packet size" << std::endl;
+        } else {
+            uint8_t* pivot = (uint8_t*)(pkt + 1);
+            attachGroupData(pcs, npcs, pivot);
+            sendToGroup(group, respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE,
+                sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo) + npcCount * sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (group->members.size() == 1) {
+        return removeFromGroup(group, group->members.back());
+    }
+
+    if (group->members.empty()) {
+        delete group; // cleanup memory
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void Groups::disbandGroup(Group* group) {
+    // remove everyone from the group!!
+    bool done = false;
+    while(!done) {
+        EntityRef back = group->members.back();
+        done = removeFromGroup(group, back);
+    }
+}
+
 static void requestGroup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_GROUP_INVITE* recv = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_GROUP_INVITE*)data->buf;
 
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
     Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(recv->iID_To);
 
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
-
-    otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(otherPlr->iIDGroup);
-
     if (otherPlr == nullptr)
         return;
 
     // fail if the group is full or the other player is already in a group
-    if (plr->groupCnt >= 4 || otherPlr->iIDGroup != otherPlr->iID || otherPlr->groupCnt > 1) {
+    if ((plr->group != nullptr && plr->group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER).size() >= 4) || otherPlr->group != nullptr) {
         INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_INVITE_FAIL, resp);
         sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_INVITE_FAIL, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_INVITE_FAIL));
         return;
@@ -75,255 +227,80 @@ static void joinGroup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(recv->iID_From);
 
     if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
+        return; // disconnect or something
 
-    otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(otherPlr->iIDGroup);
-
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
+    int size = otherPlr->group == nullptr ? 1 : otherPlr->group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER).size();
 
     // fail if the group is full or the other player is already in a group
-    if (plr->groupCnt > 1 || plr->iIDGroup != plr->iID || otherPlr->groupCnt >= 4) {
+    if (plr->group != nullptr || size + 1 > 4) {
         INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN_FAIL, resp);
         sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN_FAIL, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN_FAIL));
         return;
     }
 
-    if (!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN), otherPlr->groupCnt + 1, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN packet size\n";
-        return;
+    if (otherPlr->group == nullptr) {
+        // create group
+        EntityRef otherPlrRef = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(recv->iID_From);
+        otherPlr->group = new Group(otherPlrRef);
     }
-
-    plr->iIDGroup = otherPlr->iID;
-    otherPlr->groupCnt += 1;
-    otherPlr->groupIDs[otherPlr->groupCnt-1] = plr->iID;
-
-    size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN) + otherPlr->groupCnt * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo);
-    uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
-
-    memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-
-    sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN *resp = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN*)respbuf;
-    sPCGroupMemberInfo *respdata = (sPCGroupMemberInfo*)(respbuf+sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN));
-
-    resp->iID_NewMember = plr->iID;
-    resp->iMemberPCCnt = otherPlr->groupCnt;
-
-    int bitFlag = getGroupFlags(otherPlr);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < otherPlr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        Player* varPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(otherPlr->groupIDs[i]);
-        CNSocket* sockTo = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(otherPlr->groupIDs[i]);
-
-        if (varPlr == nullptr || sockTo == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        respdata[i].iPC_ID = varPlr->iID;
-        respdata[i].iPCUID = varPlr->PCStyle.iPC_UID;
-        respdata[i].iNameCheck = varPlr->PCStyle.iNameCheck;
-        memcpy(respdata[i].szFirstName, varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName));
-        memcpy(respdata[i].szLastName, varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName));
-        respdata[i].iSpecialState = varPlr->iSpecialState;
-        respdata[i].iLv = varPlr->level;
-        respdata[i].iHP = varPlr->HP;
-        respdata[i].iMaxHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(varPlr->level);
-        //respdata[i].iMapType = 0;
-        //respdata[i].iMapNum = 0;
-        respdata[i].iX = varPlr->x;
-        respdata[i].iY = varPlr->y;
-        respdata[i].iZ = varPlr->z;
-        // client doesnt read nano data here
-
-        if (varPlr != plr) { // apply the new member's buffs to the group and the group's buffs to the new member
-            if (Nanos::SkillTable[varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID].targetType == 3)
-                Nanos::applyBuff(sock, varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID, 1, 1, bitFlag);
-            if (Nanos::SkillTable[plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID].targetType == 3)
-                Nanos::applyBuff(sockTo, plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID, 1, 1, bitFlag);
-        }
-    }
-
-    sendToGroup(otherPlr, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN, resplen);
+    addToGroup(otherPlr->group, sock);
 }
 
 static void leaveGroup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    groupKickPlayer(plr);
+    groupKick(plr->group, sock);
 }
 
-void Groups::sendToGroup(Player* plr, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < plr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        CNSocket* sock = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(plr->groupIDs[i]);
-
-        if (sock == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        if (type == P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC) {
-            Player* leavingPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-            leavingPlr->iIDGroup = leavingPlr->iID;
-        }
-
-        sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
+void Groups::sendToGroup(Group* group, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
+    auto players = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
+    for (EntityRef ref : players) {
+        ref.sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
     }
 }
 
-void Groups::groupTickInfo(Player* plr) {
-    if (!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO), plr->groupCnt, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN packet size\n";
-        return;
+void Groups::sendToGroup(Group* group, EntityRef excluded, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
+    auto players = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
+    for (EntityRef ref : players) {
+        if(ref != excluded) ref.sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
     }
+}
+
+void Groups::groupTickInfo(CNSocket* sock) {
+    Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+    Group* group = plr->group;
+    std::vector<EntityRef> pcs = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
+    std::vector<EntityRef> npcs = group->filter(EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC);
+    size_t pcCount = pcs.size();
+    size_t npcCount = npcs.size();
 
-    size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO) + plr->groupCnt * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo);
     uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
+    memset(respbuf, 0, CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE);
+    sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO* pkt = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO*)respbuf;
 
-    memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
+    pkt->iID = plr->iID;
+    pkt->iMemberPCCnt = (int32_t)pcCount;
+    pkt->iMemberNPCCnt = (int32_t)npcCount;
 
-    sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO *resp = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO*)respbuf;
-    sPCGroupMemberInfo *respdata = (sPCGroupMemberInfo*)(respbuf+sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO));
-
-    resp->iID = plr->iID;
-    resp->iMemberPCCnt = plr->groupCnt;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < plr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        Player* varPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->groupIDs[i]);
-
-        if (varPlr == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        respdata[i].iPC_ID = varPlr->iID;
-        respdata[i].iPCUID = varPlr->PCStyle.iPC_UID;
-        respdata[i].iNameCheck = varPlr->PCStyle.iNameCheck;
-        memcpy(respdata[i].szFirstName, varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName));
-        memcpy(respdata[i].szLastName, varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName));
-        respdata[i].iSpecialState = varPlr->iSpecialState;
-        respdata[i].iLv = varPlr->level;
-        respdata[i].iHP = varPlr->HP;
-        respdata[i].iMaxHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(varPlr->level);
-        //respdata[i].iMapType = 0;
-        //respdata[i].iMapNum = 0;
-        respdata[i].iX = varPlr->x;
-        respdata[i].iY = varPlr->y;
-        respdata[i].iZ = varPlr->z;
-        if (varPlr->activeNano > 0) {
-            respdata[i].bNano = 1;
-            respdata[i].Nano = varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano];
-        }
-    }
-
-    sendToGroup(plr, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO, resplen);
-}
-
-static void groupUnbuff(Player* plr) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < plr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        for (int n = 0; n < plr->groupCnt; n++) {
-            if (i == n)
-                continue;
-
-            Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->groupIDs[i]);
-            CNSocket* sock = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(plr->groupIDs[n]);
-
-            Nanos::applyBuff(sock, otherPlr->Nanos[otherPlr->activeNano].iSkillID, 2, 1, 0);
-        }
+    if(!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO), pcCount, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))
+        || !validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo), npcCount, sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO packet size" << std::endl;
+    } else {
+        uint8_t* pivot = (uint8_t*)(pkt + 1);
+        attachGroupData(pcs, npcs, pivot);
+        sock->sendPacket(respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO,
+            sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo) + npcCount * sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo));
     }
 }
 
-void Groups::groupKickPlayer(Player* plr) {
+void Groups::groupKick(Group* group, EntityRef ref) {
+
     // if you are the group leader, destroy your own group and kick everybody
-    if (plr->iID == plr->iIDGroup) {
-        groupUnbuff(plr);
-        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, resp1);
-        sendToGroup(plr, (void*)&resp1, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC));
-        plr->groupCnt = 1;
+    if (group->members[0] == ref) {
+        disbandGroup(group);
         return;
     }
 
-    Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
-
-    if (!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE), otherPlr->groupCnt - 1, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE packet size\n";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE) + (otherPlr->groupCnt - 1) * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo);
-    uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
-
-    memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-
-    sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE *resp = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE*)respbuf;
-    sPCGroupMemberInfo *respdata = (sPCGroupMemberInfo*)(respbuf+sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE));
-
-    resp->iID_LeaveMember = plr->iID;
-    resp->iMemberPCCnt = otherPlr->groupCnt - 1;
-
-    int bitFlag = getGroupFlags(otherPlr) & ~plr->iGroupConditionBitFlag;
-    int moveDown = 0;
-
-    CNSocket* sock = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(plr->iID);
-
-    if (sock == nullptr)
-        return;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < otherPlr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        Player* varPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(otherPlr->groupIDs[i]);
-        CNSocket* sockTo = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(otherPlr->groupIDs[i]);
-
-        if (varPlr == nullptr || sockTo == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        if (moveDown == 1)
-            otherPlr->groupIDs[i-1] = otherPlr->groupIDs[i];
-
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iPC_ID = varPlr->iID;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iPCUID = varPlr->PCStyle.iPC_UID;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iNameCheck = varPlr->PCStyle.iNameCheck;
-        memcpy(respdata[i-moveDown].szFirstName, varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName));
-        memcpy(respdata[i-moveDown].szLastName, varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName));
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iSpecialState = varPlr->iSpecialState;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iLv = varPlr->level;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iHP = varPlr->HP;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iMaxHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(varPlr->level);
-        // respdata[i-moveDown]].iMapType = 0;
-        // respdata[i-moveDown]].iMapNum = 0;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iX = varPlr->x;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iY = varPlr->y;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iZ = varPlr->z;
-        // client doesnt read nano data here
-
-        if (varPlr == plr) {
-            moveDown = 1;
-            otherPlr->groupIDs[i] = 0;
-        } else { // remove the leaving member's buffs from the group and remove the group buffs from the leaving member.
-            if (Nanos::SkillTable[varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID].targetType == 3)
-                Nanos::applyBuff(sock, varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID, 2, 1, 0);
-            if (Nanos::SkillTable[plr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID].targetType == 3)
-                Nanos::applyBuff(sockTo, plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID, 2, 1, bitFlag);
-        }
-    }
-
-    plr->iIDGroup = plr->iID;
-    otherPlr->groupCnt -= 1;
-
-    sendToGroup(otherPlr, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE, resplen);
-
-    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, resp1);
-    sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp1, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC));
-}
-
-int Groups::getGroupFlags(Player* plr) {
-    int bitFlag = 0;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < plr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->groupIDs[i]);
-
-        if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        bitFlag |= otherPlr->iGroupConditionBitFlag;
-    }
-
-    return bitFlag;
+    removeFromGroup(group, ref);
 }
 
 void Groups::init() {

src/Groups.hpp

@@ -1,17 +1,37 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "Player.hpp"
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "EntityRef.hpp"
 
-#include <map>
-#include <list>
+#include <vector>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+struct Group {
+    std::vector<EntityRef> members;
+
+    std::vector<EntityRef> filter(EntityKind kind) {
+        std::vector<EntityRef> filtered;
+        std::copy_if(members.begin(), members.end(), std::back_inserter(filtered), [kind](EntityRef e) {
+            return e.kind == kind;
+            });
+        return filtered;
+    }
+    EntityRef getLeader() {
+        assert(members.size() > 0);
+        return members[0];
+    }
+
+    Group(EntityRef leader);
+};
 
 namespace Groups {
-	void init();
+    void init();
 
-    void sendToGroup(Player* plr, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
-    void groupTickInfo(Player* plr);
-    void groupKickPlayer(Player* plr);
-    int getGroupFlags(Player* plr);
+    void sendToGroup(Group* group, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
+    void sendToGroup(Group* group, EntityRef excluded, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
+    void groupTickInfo(CNSocket* sock);
+
+    void groupKick(Group* group, EntityRef ref);
+    void addToGroup(Group* group, EntityRef member);
+    bool removeFromGroup(Group* group, EntityRef member); // true iff group deleted
+    void disbandGroup(Group* group);
 }

src/Items.cpp

@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "Abilities.hpp"
-#include "Missions.hpp"
 #include "Eggs.hpp"
-#include "Rand.hpp"
+#include "MobAI.hpp"
+#include "Missions.hpp"
+#include "Buffs.hpp"
 
 #include <string.h> // for memset()
 #include <assert.h>
+#include <numeric>
 
 using namespace Items;
 
@@ -199,7 +202,7 @@ static int getCrateItem(sItemBase* result, int itemSetId, int rarity, int player
         return -1;
     }
 
-   // initialize all weights as the default weight for all item slots
+    // initialize all weights as the default weight for all item slots
     std::vector<int> itemWeights(validItems.size(), itemSet.defaultItemWeight);
 
     if (!itemSet.alterItemWeightMap.empty()) {
@@ -479,30 +482,34 @@ static void itemUseHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp->iSlotNum = request->iSlotNum;
     resp->RemainItem = gumball;
     resp->iTargetCnt = 1;
-    resp->eST = EST_NANOSTIMPAK;
+    resp->eST = (int32_t)SkillType::NANOSTIMPAK;
     resp->iSkillID = 144;
 
-    int value1 = CSB_BIT_STIMPAKSLOT1 << request->iNanoSlot;
-    int value2 = ECSB_STIMPAKSLOT1 + request->iNanoSlot;
+    int eCSB = ECSB_STIMPAKSLOT1 + request->iNanoSlot;
 
     respdata->eCT = 1;
     respdata->iID = player->iID;
-    respdata->iConditionBitFlag = value1;
+    respdata->iConditionBitFlag = CSB_FROM_ECSB(eCSB);
 
-    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, pkt);
-    pkt.eCSTB = value2; // eCharStatusTimeBuffID
-    pkt.eTBU = 1; // eTimeBuffUpdate
-    pkt.eTBT = 1; // eTimeBuffType 1 means nano
-    pkt.iConditionBitFlag = player->iConditionBitFlag |= value1;
-    sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE);
+    int durationMilliseconds = Abilities::SkillTable[144].durationTime[0] * 100;
+    BuffStack gumballBuff = {
+        durationMilliseconds / MS_PER_PLAYER_TICK,
+        0,
+        sock,
+        BuffClass::CASH_ITEM // or BuffClass::ITEM?
+    };
+    player->addBuff(eCSB,
+        [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack) {
+            Buffs::timeBuffUpdate(self, buff, status, stack);
+        },
+        [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, time_t currTime) {
+            // no-op
+        },
+        &gumballBuff);
 
     sock->sendPacket((void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_ITEM_USE_SUCC, resplen);
     // update inventory serverside
     player->Inven[resp->iSlotNum] = resp->RemainItem;
-
-    std::pair<CNSocket*, int32_t> key = std::make_pair(sock, value1);
-    time_t until = getTime() + (time_t)Nanos::SkillTable[144].durationTime[0] * 100;
-    Eggs::EggBuffs[key] = until;
 }
 
 static void itemBankOpenHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
@@ -755,7 +762,7 @@ static void giveSingleDrop(CNSocket *sock, Mob* mob, int mobDropId, const DropRo
     if (rolled.taros % miscDropChance.taroDropChanceTotal < miscDropChance.taroDropChance) {
         plr->money += miscDropType.taroAmount;
         // money nano boost
-        if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_REWARD_CASH) {
+        if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_REWARD_CASH)) {
             int boost = 0;
             if (Nanos::getNanoBoost(plr)) // for gumballs
                 boost = 1;
@@ -770,7 +777,7 @@ static void giveSingleDrop(CNSocket *sock, Mob* mob, int mobDropId, const DropRo
         if (levelDifference > 0)
             fm = levelDifference < 10 ? fm - (levelDifference * fm / 10) : 0;
         // scavenger nano boost
-        if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_REWARD_BLOB) {
+        if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_REWARD_BLOB)) {
             int boost = 0;
             if (Nanos::getNanoBoost(plr)) // for gumballs
                 boost = 1;
@@ -822,12 +829,12 @@ static void giveSingleDrop(CNSocket *sock, Mob* mob, int mobDropId, const DropRo
 
 void Items::giveMobDrop(CNSocket *sock, Mob* mob, const DropRoll& rolled, const DropRoll& eventRolled) {
     // sanity check
-    if (Items::MobToDropMap.find(mob->appearanceData.iNPCType) == Items::MobToDropMap.end()) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] Mob ID " << mob->appearanceData.iNPCType << " has no drops assigned" << std::endl;
+    if (Items::MobToDropMap.find(mob->type) == Items::MobToDropMap.end()) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Mob ID " << mob->type << " has no drops assigned" << std::endl;
         return;
     }
     // find mob drop id
-    int mobDropId = Items::MobToDropMap[mob->appearanceData.iNPCType];
+    int mobDropId = Items::MobToDropMap[mob->type];
 
     giveSingleDrop(sock, mob, mobDropId, rolled);
 

src/Items.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+
 #include "Player.hpp"
-#include "MobAI.hpp"
 #include "Rand.hpp"
+#include "MobAI.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
 
 struct CrocPotEntry {
     int multStats, multLooks;

src/Missions.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
 
-#include "string.h"
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
+#include "Nanos.hpp"
 
 using namespace Missions;
 
@@ -27,12 +26,12 @@ static void saveMission(Player* player, int missionId) {
 }
 
 static bool isMissionCompleted(Player* player, int missionId) {
-   int row = missionId / 64;
-   int column = missionId % 64;
-   return player->aQuestFlag[row] & (1ULL << column);
+    int row = missionId / 64;
+    int column = missionId % 64;
+    return player->aQuestFlag[row] & (1ULL << column);
 }
 
-static int findQSlot(Player *plr, int id) {
+int Missions::findQSlot(Player *plr, int id) {
     int i;
 
     // two passes. we mustn't fail to find an existing stack.
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ static int findQSlot(Player *plr, int id) {
 static bool isQuestItemFull(CNSocket* sock, int itemId, int itemCount) {
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
-    int slot = findQSlot(plr, itemId);
+    int slot = Missions::findQSlot(plr, itemId);
     if (slot == -1) {
         // this should never happen
         std::cout << "[WARN] Player has no room for quest item!?" << std::endl;
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ static void dropQuestItem(CNSocket *sock, int task, int count, int id, int mobid
     memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
 
     // find free quest item slot
-    int slot = findQSlot(plr, id);
+    int slot = Missions::findQSlot(plr, id);
     if (slot == -1) {
         // this should never happen
         std::cout << "[WARN] Player has no room for quest item!?" << std::endl;
@@ -164,14 +163,14 @@ static int giveMissionReward(CNSocket *sock, int task, int choice=0) {
 
     // update player
     plr->money += reward->money;
-    if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_REWARD_CASH) { // nano boost for taros
+    if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_REWARD_CASH)) { // nano boost for taros
         int boost = 0;
         if (Nanos::getNanoBoost(plr)) // for gumballs
             boost = 1;
         plr->money += reward->money * (5 + boost) / 25;
     }
 
-    if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_REWARD_BLOB) { // nano boost for fm
+    if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_REWARD_BLOB)) { // nano boost for fm
         int boost = 0;
         if (Nanos::getNanoBoost(plr)) // for gumballs
             boost = 1;
@@ -219,28 +218,18 @@ static bool endTask(CNSocket *sock, int32_t taskNum, int choice=0) {
     // ugly pointer/reference juggling for the sake of operator overloading...
     TaskData& task = *Tasks[taskNum];
 
-    // update player
+    // sanity check
     int i;
     bool found = false;
     for (i = 0; i < ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT; i++) {
         if (plr->tasks[i] == taskNum) {
             found = true;
-            plr->tasks[i] = 0;
-            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
-                plr->RemainingNPCCount[i][j] = 0;
-            }
+            break;
         }
     }
 
-    if (!found) {
-       std::cout << "[WARN] Player tried to end task that isn't in journal?" << std::endl;
-       return false;
-    }
-
-    if (i == ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT - 1 && plr->tasks[i] != 0) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] Player completed non-active mission!?" << std::endl;
+    if (!found)
         return false;
-    }
 
     // mission rewards
     if (Rewards.find(taskNum) != Rewards.end()) {
@@ -249,6 +238,23 @@ static bool endTask(CNSocket *sock, int32_t taskNum, int choice=0) {
     }
     // don't take away quest items if we haven't finished the quest
 
+    /*
+     * Update player's active mission data.
+     *
+     * This must be done after all early returns have passed, otherwise we
+     * risk introducing non-atomic changes. For example, failing to finish
+     * a mission due to not having any inventory space could delete the
+     * mission server-side; leading to a desync.
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i < ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT; i++) {
+        if (plr->tasks[i] == taskNum) {
+            plr->tasks[i] = 0;
+            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
+                plr->RemainingNPCCount[i][j] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     /*
      * Give (or take away) quest items
      *
@@ -291,13 +297,13 @@ bool Missions::startTask(Player* plr, int TaskID) {
     TaskData& task = *Missions::Tasks[TaskID];
 
     if (task["m_iCTRReqLvMin"] > plr->level) {
-       std::cout << "[WARN] Player tried to start a task below their level" << std::endl;
-       return false;
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Player tried to start a task above their level" << std::endl;
+        return false;
     }
 
     if (isMissionCompleted(plr, (int)(task["m_iHMissionID"]) - 1)) {
-       std::cout << "[WARN] Player tried to start an already completed mission" << std::endl;
-       return false;
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Player tried to start an already completed mission" << std::endl;
+        return false;
     }
 
     // client freaks out if nano mission isn't sent first after relogging, so it's easiest to set it here
@@ -360,15 +366,15 @@ static void taskStart(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sock->sendPacket((void*)&response, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_TASK_START_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TASK_START_SUCC));
 
     // if escort task, assign matching paths to all nearby NPCs
-    if (task["m_iHTaskType"] == 6) {
+    if (task["m_iHTaskType"] == (int)eTaskTypeProperty::EscortDefence) {
         for (ChunkPos& chunkPos : Chunking::getChunksInMap(plr->instanceID)) { // check all NPCs in the instance
             Chunk* chunk = Chunking::chunks[chunkPos];
             for (EntityRef ref : chunk->entities) {
-                if (ref.type != EntityType::PLAYER) {
+                if (ref.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER) {
                     BaseNPC* npc = (BaseNPC*)ref.getEntity();
-                    NPCPath* path = Transport::findApplicablePath(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->appearanceData.iNPCType, missionData->iTaskNum);
+                    NPCPath* path = Transport::findApplicablePath(npc->id, npc->type, missionData->iTaskNum);
                     if (path != nullptr) {
-                        Transport::constructPathNPC(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, path);
+                        Transport::constructPathNPC(npc->id, path);
                         return;
                     }
                 }
@@ -380,42 +386,41 @@ static void taskStart(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 static void taskEnd(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_TASK_END* missionData = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_TASK_END*)data->buf;
 
-    // failed timed missions give an iNPC_ID of 0
-    if (missionData->iNPC_ID == 0) {
-        TaskData* task = Missions::Tasks[missionData->iTaskNum];
-        if (task->task["m_iSTGrantTimer"] > 0) { // its a timed mission
-            Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-            /*
-             * Enemy killing missions
-             * this is gross and should be cleaned up later
-             * once we comb over mission logic more throughly
-             */
-            bool mobsAreKilled = false;
-            if (task->task["m_iHTaskType"] == 5) {
-                mobsAreKilled = true;
-                for (int i = 0; i < ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT; i++) {
-                    if (plr->tasks[i] == missionData->iTaskNum) {
-                        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
-                            if (plr->RemainingNPCCount[i][j] > 0) {
-                                mobsAreKilled = false;
-                                break;
-                            }
+    TaskData* task = Missions::Tasks[missionData->iTaskNum];
+
+    // handle timed mission failure
+    if (task->task["m_iSTGrantTimer"] > 0 && missionData->iNPC_ID == 0) {
+        Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+
+        /*
+         * Enemy killing missions
+         * this is gross and should be cleaned up later
+         * once we comb over mission logic more throughly
+         */
+        bool mobsAreKilled = false;
+        if (task->task["m_iHTaskType"] == (int)eTaskTypeProperty::Defeat) {
+            mobsAreKilled = true;
+            for (int i = 0; i < ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT; i++) {
+                if (plr->tasks[i] == missionData->iTaskNum) {
+                    for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
+                        if (plr->RemainingNPCCount[i][j] > 0) {
+                            mobsAreKilled = false;
+                            break;
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
+        }
 
-            if (!mobsAreKilled) {
-                
-                int failTaskID = task->task["m_iFOutgoingTask"];
-                if (failTaskID != 0) {
-                    Missions::quitTask(sock, missionData->iTaskNum, false);
-                    
-                    for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
-                        if (plr->tasks[i] == missionData->iTaskNum)
-                            plr->tasks[i] = failTaskID;
-                    return;
-                }
+        if (!mobsAreKilled) {
+            int failTaskID = task->task["m_iFOutgoingTask"];
+            if (failTaskID != 0) {
+                Missions::quitTask(sock, missionData->iTaskNum, false);
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
+                    if (plr->tasks[i] == missionData->iTaskNum)
+                        plr->tasks[i] = failTaskID;
+                return;
             }
         }
     }
@@ -486,6 +491,12 @@ void Missions::quitTask(CNSocket* sock, int32_t taskNum, bool manual) {
                     memset(&plr->QInven[j], 0, sizeof(sItemBase));
         }
     } else {
+        for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            if (task["m_iFItemID"][i] == 0)
+                continue;
+            dropQuestItem(sock, taskNum, task["m_iFItemNumNeeded"][i], task["m_iFItemID"][i], 0);
+        }
+
         INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TASK_END_FAIL, failResp);
         failResp.iErrorCode = 1;
         failResp.iTaskNum = taskNum;
@@ -537,9 +548,6 @@ void Missions::updateFusionMatter(CNSocket* sock, int fusion) {
     response.iTaskNum = AvatarGrowth[plr->level]["m_iNanoQuestTaskID"];
     sock->sendPacket((void*)&response, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_TASK_START_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TASK_START_SUCC));
 #else
-    if (plr->level >= 36)
-        return;
-
     plr->fusionmatter -= (int)Missions::AvatarGrowth[plr->level]["m_iReqBlob_NanoCreate"];
     plr->level++;
 
@@ -558,7 +566,7 @@ void Missions::updateFusionMatter(CNSocket* sock, int fusion) {
     PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, (void*)&bcast, P_FE2CL_PC_EVENT, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_EVENT));
 }
 
-void Missions::mobKilled(CNSocket *sock, int mobid, int rolledQItem) {
+void Missions::mobKilled(CNSocket *sock, int mobid, std::map<int, int>& rolls) {
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
     bool missionmob = false;
@@ -581,12 +589,29 @@ void Missions::mobKilled(CNSocket *sock, int mobid, int rolledQItem) {
                     plr->RemainingNPCCount[i][j]--;
                 }
             }
+
             // drop quest item
             if (task["m_iCSUItemNumNeeded"][j] != 0 && !isQuestItemFull(sock, task["m_iCSUItemID"][j], task["m_iCSUItemNumNeeded"][j]) ) {
-                bool drop = rolledQItem % 100 < task["m_iSTItemDropRate"][j];
+                bool drop = rolls[plr->tasks[i]] % 100 < task["m_iSTItemDropRate"][j];
                 if (drop) {
-                    // XXX: are CSUItemID and CSTItemID the same?
                     dropQuestItem(sock, plr->tasks[i], 1, task["m_iCSUItemID"][j], mobid);
+
+                    /*
+                     * Workaround: The client has a bug where it only sends a TASK_END request
+                     * for the first task of multiple that met their quest item requirements
+                     * at the same time. We deal with this by sending TASK_END response packets
+                     * proactively and then silently ignoring the extra TASK_END requests it
+                     * sends afterwards.
+                     */
+                    if (isQuestItemFull(sock, task["m_iCSUItemID"][j], task["m_iCSUItemNumNeeded"][j])) {
+                        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TASK_END_SUCC, end);
+                        end.iTaskNum = plr->tasks[i];
+
+                        if (!endTask(sock, plr->tasks[i]))
+                            continue;
+
+                        sock->sendPacket(end, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_TASK_END_SUCC);
+                    }
                 } else {
                     // fail to drop (itemID == 0)
                     dropQuestItem(sock, plr->tasks[i], 1, 0, mobid);

src/Missions.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "JSON.hpp"
+
 #include "Player.hpp"
 
-#include "JSON.hpp"
+#include <map>
 
 struct Reward {
     int32_t id;
@@ -40,13 +42,14 @@ namespace Missions {
     extern std::map<int32_t, TaskData*> Tasks;
     extern nlohmann::json AvatarGrowth[37];
     void init();
+    int findQSlot(Player *plr, int id);
 
     bool startTask(Player* plr, int TaskID);
 
     // checks if player doesn't have n/n quest items
     void updateFusionMatter(CNSocket* sock, int fusion);
 
-    void mobKilled(CNSocket *sock, int mobid, int rolledQItem);
+    void mobKilled(CNSocket *sock, int mobid, std::map<int, int>& rolls);
 
     void quitTask(CNSocket* sock, int32_t taskNum, bool manual);
 

src/MobAI.hpp

@@ -1,26 +1,26 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "JSON.hpp"
 
-enum class MobState {
-    INACTIVE,
-    ROAMING,
-    COMBAT,
-    RETREAT,
-    DEAD
-};
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace MobAI {
-    // needs to be declared before Mob's constructor
-    void step(CombatNPC*, time_t);
-};
+    void deadStep(CombatNPC* self, time_t currTime);
+    void combatStep(CombatNPC* self, time_t currTime);
+    void roamingStep(CombatNPC* self, time_t currTime);
+    void retreatStep(CombatNPC* self, time_t currTime);
+
+    void onRoamStart(CombatNPC* self, EntityRef src);
+    void onCombatStart(CombatNPC* self, EntityRef src);
+    void onRetreat(CombatNPC* self, EntityRef src);
+    void onDeath(CombatNPC* self, EntityRef src);
+}
 
 struct Mob : public CombatNPC {
-    // general
-    MobState state = MobState::INACTIVE;
-
-    std::unordered_map<int32_t,time_t> unbuffTimes = {};
 
     // dead
     time_t killedTime = 0;
@@ -47,16 +47,13 @@ struct Mob : public CombatNPC {
     int offsetX = 0, offsetY = 0;
     int groupMember[4] = {};
 
-    // for optimizing away AI in empty chunks
-    int playersInView = 0;
-
     // temporary; until we're sure what's what
     nlohmann::json data = {};
 
-    Mob(int x, int y, int z, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, nlohmann::json d, int32_t id)
-        : CombatNPC(x, y, z, angle, iID, t, id, d["m_iHP"]),
+    Mob(int spawnX, int spawnY, int spawnZ, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, nlohmann::json d, int32_t id)
+        : CombatNPC(spawnX, spawnY, spawnZ, angle, iID, t, id, d["m_iHP"]),
           sightRange(d["m_iSightRange"]) {
-        state = MobState::ROAMING;
+        state = AIState::ROAMING;
 
         data = d;
 
@@ -65,20 +62,28 @@ struct Mob : public CombatNPC {
         idleRange = (int)data["m_iIdleRange"];
         level = data["m_iNpcLevel"];
 
-        roamX = spawnX = x;
-        roamY = spawnY = y;
-        roamZ = spawnZ = z;
+        roamX = spawnX;
+        roamY = spawnY;
+        roamZ = spawnZ;
 
         offsetX = 0;
         offsetY = 0;
 
-        appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag = 0;
-
         // NOTE: there appear to be discrepancies in the dump
-        appearanceData.iHP = maxHealth;
+        hp = maxHealth;
 
-        type = EntityType::MOB;
-        _stepAI = MobAI::step;
+        kind = EntityKind::MOB;
+
+        // AI
+        stateHandlers[AIState::DEAD] = MobAI::deadStep;
+        stateHandlers[AIState::COMBAT] = MobAI::combatStep;
+        stateHandlers[AIState::ROAMING] = MobAI::roamingStep;
+        stateHandlers[AIState::RETREAT] = MobAI::retreatStep;
+
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::DEAD] = MobAI::onDeath;
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::COMBAT] = MobAI::onCombatStart;
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::ROAMING] = MobAI::onRoamStart;
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::RETREAT] = MobAI::onRetreat;
     }
 
     // constructor for /summon
@@ -89,6 +94,9 @@ struct Mob : public CombatNPC {
 
     ~Mob() {}
 
+    virtual int takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual void step(time_t currTime) override;
+
     auto operator[](std::string s) {
         return data[s];
     }
@@ -103,5 +111,4 @@ namespace MobAI {
     void clearDebuff(Mob *mob);
     void followToCombat(Mob *mob);
     void groupRetreat(Mob *mob);
-    void enterCombat(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob);
 }

src/NPC.hpp

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
-#include "Entities.hpp"

src/NPCManager.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
 #include "settings.hpp"
 #include "Combat.hpp"
@@ -20,8 +24,6 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 
-#include "JSON.hpp"
-
 using namespace NPCManager;
 
 std::unordered_map<int32_t, BaseNPC*> NPCManager::NPCs;
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ void NPCManager::destroyNPC(int32_t id) {
 
 void NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(int32_t id, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I, int angle) {
     BaseNPC* npc = NPCs[id];
-    npc->appearanceData.iAngle = angle;
+    npc->angle = angle;
     ChunkPos oldChunk = npc->chunkPos;
     ChunkPos newChunk = Chunking::chunkPosAt(X, Y, I);
     npc->x = X;
@@ -79,11 +81,11 @@ void NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(int32_t id, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I,
     Chunking::updateEntityChunk({id}, oldChunk, newChunk);
 }
 
-void NPCManager::sendToViewable(BaseNPC *npc, void *buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
+void NPCManager::sendToViewable(Entity *npc, void *buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
     for (auto it = npc->viewableChunks.begin(); it != npc->viewableChunks.end(); it++) {
         Chunk* chunk = *it;
         for (const EntityRef& ref : chunk->entities) {
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ref.sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
         }
     }
@@ -120,22 +122,20 @@ static void npcUnsummonHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 }
 
 // type must already be checked and updateNPCPosition() must be called on the result
-BaseNPC *NPCManager::summonNPC(int x, int y, int z, uint64_t instance, int type, bool respawn, bool baseInstance) {
+BaseNPC *NPCManager::summonNPC(int spawnX, int spawnY, int spawnZ, uint64_t instance, int type, bool respawn, bool baseInstance) {
     uint64_t inst = baseInstance ? MAPNUM(instance) : instance;
-#define EXTRA_HEIGHT 0
 
-    //assert(nextId < INT32_MAX);
     int id = nextId--;
     int team = NPCData[type]["m_iTeam"];
     BaseNPC *npc = nullptr;
 
     if (team == 2) {
-        npc = new Mob(x, y, z + EXTRA_HEIGHT, inst, type, NPCData[type], id);
+        npc = new Mob(spawnX, spawnY, spawnZ, inst, type, NPCData[type], id);
 
         // re-enable respawning, if desired
         ((Mob*)npc)->summoned = !respawn;
     } else
-        npc = new BaseNPC(x, y, z + EXTRA_HEIGHT, 0, inst, type, id);
+        npc = new BaseNPC(0, inst, type, id);
 
     NPCs[id] = npc;
 
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ static void npcSummonHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     for (int i = 0; i < req->iNPCCnt; i++) {
         BaseNPC *npc = summonNPC(plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, req->iNPCType);
-        updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, 0);
+        updateNPCPosition(npc->id, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, 0);
     }
 }
 
@@ -183,9 +183,12 @@ static void handleWarp(CNSocket* sock, int32_t warpId) {
     if (Warps[warpId].isInstance) {
         uint64_t instanceID = Warps[warpId].instanceID;
 
+        Player* leader = plr;
+        if (plr->group != nullptr) leader = PlayerManager::getPlayer(plr->group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER)[0].sock);
+
         // if warp requires you to be on a mission, it's gotta be a unique instance
         if (Warps[warpId].limitTaskID != 0 || instanceID == 14) { // 14 is a special case for the Time Lab
-            instanceID += ((uint64_t)plr->iIDGroup << 32); // upper 32 bits are leader ID
+            instanceID += ((uint64_t)leader->iID << 32); // upper 32 bits are leader ID
             Chunking::createInstance(instanceID);
 
             // save Lair entrance coords as a pseudo-Resurrect 'Em
@@ -195,14 +198,13 @@ static void handleWarp(CNSocket* sock, int32_t warpId) {
             plr->recallInstance = instanceID;
         }
 
-        if (plr->iID == plr->iIDGroup && plr->groupCnt == 1)
+        if (plr->group == nullptr)
             PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(sock, Warps[warpId].x, Warps[warpId].y, Warps[warpId].z, instanceID);
         else {
-            Player* leaderPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-
-            for (int i = 0; i < leaderPlr->groupCnt; i++) {
-                Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(leaderPlr->groupIDs[i]);
-                CNSocket* sockTo = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(leaderPlr->groupIDs[i]);
+            auto players = plr->group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
+            for (int i = 0; i < players.size(); i++) {
+                CNSocket* sockTo = players[i].sock;
+                Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sockTo);
 
                 if (otherPlr == nullptr || sockTo == nullptr)
                     continue;
@@ -246,8 +248,7 @@ static void handleWarp(CNSocket* sock, int32_t warpId) {
         Missions::failInstancedMissions(sock); // fail any instanced missions
         sock->sendPacket(resp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_WARP_USE_NPC_SUCC);
 
-        Chunking::updateEntityChunk({sock}, plr->chunkPos, std::make_tuple(0, 0, 0)); // force player to reload chunks
-        PlayerManager::updatePlayerPosition(sock, resp.iX, resp.iY, resp.iZ, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, plr->angle);
+        PlayerManager::updatePlayerPositionForWarp(sock, resp.iX, resp.iY, resp.iZ, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD);
 
         // remove the player's ongoing race, if any
         if (Racing::EPRaces.find(sock) != Racing::EPRaces.end())
@@ -277,7 +278,7 @@ BaseNPC* NPCManager::getNearestNPC(std::set<Chunk*>* chunks, int X, int Y, int Z
     for (auto c = chunks->begin(); c != chunks->end(); c++) { // haha get it
         Chunk* chunk = *c;
         for (auto ent = chunk->entities.begin(); ent != chunk->entities.end(); ent++) {
-            if (ent->type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ent->kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 continue;
 
             BaseNPC* npcTemp = (BaseNPC*)ent->getEntity();
@@ -292,57 +293,55 @@ BaseNPC* NPCManager::getNearestNPC(std::set<Chunk*>* chunks, int X, int Y, int Z
     return npc;
 }
 
-// TODO: Move this to MobAI, possibly
+// TODO: Move this to separate file in ai/ subdir when implementing more events
 #pragma region NPCEvents
 
 // summon right arm and stage 2 body
-static void lordFuseStageTwo(CNSocket *sock, BaseNPC *npc) {
+static void lordFuseStageTwo(CombatNPC *npc) {
     Mob *oldbody = (Mob*)npc; // adaptium, stun
-    Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
     std::cout << "Lord Fuse stage two" << std::endl;
 
-    // Fuse doesn't move; spawnX, etc. is shorter to write than *appearanceData*
+    // Fuse doesn't move
     // Blastons, Heal
-    Mob *newbody = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->spawnX, oldbody->spawnY, oldbody->spawnZ, plr->instanceID, 2467);
+    Mob *newbody = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->x, oldbody->y, oldbody->z, oldbody->instanceID, 2467);
 
-    newbody->appearanceData.iAngle = oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newbody->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, newbody->spawnX, newbody->spawnY, newbody->spawnZ,
-        plr->instanceID, oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle);
+    newbody->angle = oldbody->angle;
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newbody->id, newbody->spawnX, newbody->spawnY, newbody->spawnZ,
+        oldbody->instanceID, oldbody->angle);
 
     // right arm, Adaptium, Stun
-    Mob *arm = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->spawnX - 600, oldbody->spawnY, oldbody->spawnZ, plr->instanceID, 2469);
+    Mob *arm = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->x - 600, oldbody->y, oldbody->z, oldbody->instanceID, 2469);
 
-    arm->appearanceData.iAngle = oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(arm->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, arm->spawnX, arm->spawnY, arm->spawnZ,
-        plr->instanceID, oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle);
+    arm->angle = oldbody->angle;
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(arm->id, arm->spawnX, arm->spawnY, arm->spawnZ,
+        oldbody->instanceID, oldbody->angle);
 }
 
 // summon left arm and stage 3 body
-static void lordFuseStageThree(CNSocket *sock, BaseNPC *npc) {
+static void lordFuseStageThree(CombatNPC *npc) {
     Mob *oldbody = (Mob*)npc;
-    Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
     std::cout << "Lord Fuse stage three" << std::endl;
 
     // Cosmix, Damage Point
-    Mob *newbody = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->spawnX, oldbody->spawnY, oldbody->spawnZ, plr->instanceID, 2468);
+    Mob *newbody = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->x, oldbody->y, oldbody->z, oldbody->instanceID, 2468);
 
-    newbody->appearanceData.iAngle = oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newbody->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, newbody->spawnX, newbody->spawnY, newbody->spawnZ,
-        plr->instanceID, oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle);
+    newbody->angle = oldbody->angle;
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newbody->id, newbody->spawnX, newbody->spawnY, newbody->spawnZ,
+        newbody->instanceID, oldbody->angle);
 
     // Blastons, Heal
-    Mob *arm = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->spawnX + 600, oldbody->spawnY, oldbody->spawnZ, plr->instanceID, 2470);
+    Mob *arm = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->x + 600, oldbody->y, oldbody->z, oldbody->instanceID, 2470);
 
-    arm->appearanceData.iAngle = oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(arm->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, arm->spawnX, arm->spawnY, arm->spawnZ,
-        plr->instanceID, oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle);
+    arm->angle = oldbody->angle;
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(arm->id, arm->spawnX, arm->spawnY, arm->spawnZ,
+        arm->instanceID, oldbody->angle);
 }
 
 std::vector<NPCEvent> NPCManager::NPCEvents = {
-    NPCEvent(2466, ON_KILLED, lordFuseStageTwo),
-    NPCEvent(2467, ON_KILLED, lordFuseStageThree),
+    NPCEvent(2466, AIState::DEAD, lordFuseStageTwo),
+    NPCEvent(2467, AIState::DEAD, lordFuseStageThree),
 };
 
 #pragma endregion NPCEvents
@@ -353,11 +352,11 @@ void NPCManager::queueNPCRemoval(int32_t id) {
 
 static void step(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
     for (auto& pair : NPCs) {
-        if (pair.second->type != EntityType::COMBAT_NPC && pair.second->type != EntityType::MOB)
+        if (pair.second->kind != EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC && pair.second->kind != EntityKind::MOB)
             continue;
         auto npc = (CombatNPC*)pair.second;
 
-        npc->stepAI(currTime);
+        npc->step(currTime);
     }
 
     // deallocate all NPCs queued for removal
@@ -374,5 +373,5 @@ void NPCManager::init() {
     REGISTER_SHARD_PACKET(P_CL2FE_REQ_NPC_UNSUMMON, npcUnsummonHandler);
     REGISTER_SHARD_PACKET(P_CL2FE_REQ_BARKER, npcBarkHandler);
 
-    REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(step, 200);
+    REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(step, MS_PER_COMBAT_TICK);
 }

src/NPCManager.hpp

@@ -1,36 +1,30 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "NPC.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
-
 #include "JSON.hpp"
 
+#include "Transport.hpp"
+#include "Chunking.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+
 #include <map>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
+#include <set>
 
 #define RESURRECT_HEIGHT 400
 
-enum Trigger {
-    ON_KILLED,
-    ON_COMBAT
-};
-
-typedef void (*NPCEventHandler)(CNSocket*, BaseNPC*);
+typedef void (*NPCEventHandler)(CombatNPC*);
 
 struct NPCEvent {
     int32_t npcType;
-    int trigger;
+    AIState triggerState;
     NPCEventHandler handler;
 
-    NPCEvent(int32_t t, int tr, NPCEventHandler hndlr)
-        : npcType(t), trigger(tr), handler(hndlr) {}
+    NPCEvent(int32_t t, AIState tr, NPCEventHandler hndlr)
+        : npcType(t), triggerState(tr), handler(hndlr) {}
 };
 
-struct WarpLocation;
-
 namespace NPCManager {
     extern std::unordered_map<int32_t, BaseNPC*> NPCs;
     extern std::map<int32_t, WarpLocation> Warps;
@@ -44,7 +38,7 @@ namespace NPCManager {
     void destroyNPC(int32_t);
     void updateNPCPosition(int32_t, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I, int angle);
 
-    void sendToViewable(BaseNPC* npc, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
+    void sendToViewable(Entity* npc, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
 
     BaseNPC *summonNPC(int x, int y, int z, uint64_t instance, int type, bool respawn=false, bool baseInstance=false);
 

src/Nanos.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Nanos.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Combat.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
 #include "Abilities.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
 
 #include <cmath>
 
@@ -82,40 +82,21 @@ void Nanos::summonNano(CNSocket *sock, int slot, bool silent) {
     if (slot != -1 && plr->Nanos[nanoID].iSkillID == 0)
         return; // prevent powerless nanos from summoning
 
-    plr->nanoDrainRate = 0;
-    int16_t skillID = plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID;
-
-    // passive nano unbuffing
-    if (SkillTable[skillID].drainType == 2) {
-        std::vector<int> targetData = findTargets(plr, skillID);
-
-        for (auto& pwr : NanoPowers)
-            if (pwr.skillType == SkillTable[skillID].skillType)
-                nanoUnbuff(sock, targetData, pwr.bitFlag, pwr.timeBuffID, 0,(SkillTable[skillID].targetType == 3));
-    }
-
     if (nanoID >= NANO_COUNT || nanoID < 0)
         return; // sanity check
 
     plr->activeNano = nanoID;
-    skillID = plr->Nanos[nanoID].iSkillID;
+    sNano& nano = plr->Nanos[nanoID];
 
-    // passive nano buffing
-    if (SkillTable[skillID].drainType == 2) {
-        std::vector<int> targetData = findTargets(plr, skillID);
-
-        int boost = 0;
-        if (getNanoBoost(plr))
-            boost = 1;
-
-        for (auto& pwr : NanoPowers) {
-            if (pwr.skillType == SkillTable[skillID].skillType) {
-                resp.eCSTB___Add = 1; // the part that makes nano go ZOOMAZOOM
-                plr->nanoDrainRate = SkillTable[skillID].batteryUse[boost*3];
-
-                pwr.handle(sock, targetData, nanoID, skillID, 0, SkillTable[skillID].powerIntensity[boost]);
-            }
-        }
+    SkillData* skill = Abilities::SkillTable.count(nano.iSkillID) > 0
+                        ? &Abilities::SkillTable[nano.iSkillID] : nullptr;
+    if (slot != -1 && skill != nullptr && skill->drainType == SkillDrainType::PASSIVE) {
+        // passive buff effect
+        resp.eCSTB___Add = 1;
+        ICombatant* src = dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(plr);
+        int32_t targets[] = { plr->iID };
+        std::vector<ICombatant*> affectedCombatants = Abilities::matchTargets(src, skill, 1, targets);
+        Abilities::useNanoSkill(sock, skill, nano, affectedCombatants);
     }
 
     if (!silent) // silent nano death but only for the summoning player
@@ -124,7 +105,7 @@ void Nanos::summonNano(CNSocket *sock, int slot, bool silent) {
     // Send to other players, these players can't handle silent nano deaths so this packet needs to be sent.
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NANO_ACTIVE, pkt1);
     pkt1.iPC_ID = plr->iID;
-    pkt1.Nano = plr->Nanos[nanoID];
+    pkt1.Nano = nano;
     PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, pkt1, P_FE2CL_NANO_ACTIVE);
 }
 
@@ -211,7 +192,7 @@ int Nanos::nanoStyle(int nanoID) {
 bool Nanos::getNanoBoost(Player* plr) {
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) 
         if (plr->equippedNanos[i] == plr->activeNano)
-            if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & (CSB_BIT_STIMPAKSLOT1 << i))
+            if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_STIMPAKSLOT1 + i))
                 return true;
     return false;
 }
@@ -226,24 +207,15 @@ static void nanoEquipHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     if (nano->iNanoSlotNum > 2 || nano->iNanoSlotNum < 0)
         return;
 
+    if (nano->iNanoID < 0 || nano->iNanoID >= NANO_COUNT)
+        return;
+
     resp.iNanoID = nano->iNanoID;
     resp.iNanoSlotNum = nano->iNanoSlotNum;
 
     // Update player
     plr->equippedNanos[nano->iNanoSlotNum] = nano->iNanoID;
 
-    // Unbuff gumballs
-    int value1 = CSB_BIT_STIMPAKSLOT1 << nano->iNanoSlotNum;
-    if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & value1) {
-        int value2 = ECSB_STIMPAKSLOT1 + nano->iNanoSlotNum;
-        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, pkt);
-        pkt.eCSTB = value2; // eCharStatusTimeBuffID
-        pkt.eTBU = 2; // eTimeBuffUpdate
-        pkt.eTBT = 1; // eTimeBuffType 1 means nano
-        pkt.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag &= ~value1;
-        sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE);
-    }
-
     // unsummon nano if replaced
     if (plr->activeNano == plr->equippedNanos[nano->iNanoSlotNum])
         summonNano(sock, -1);
@@ -286,28 +258,26 @@ static void nanoSummonHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 static void nanoSkillUseHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
-    int16_t nanoID = plr->activeNano;
-    int16_t skillID = plr->Nanos[nanoID].iSkillID;
+    // validate request check
+    sP_CL2FE_REQ_NANO_SKILL_USE* pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_NANO_SKILL_USE*)data->buf;
+    if (!validInVarPacket(sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_NANO_SKILL_USE), pkt->iTargetCnt, sizeof(int32_t), data->size)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_CL2FE_REQ_NANO_SKILL_USE packet size" << std::endl;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    sNano& nano = plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano];
+    int16_t skillID = nano.iSkillID;
+    SkillData* skillData = &Abilities::SkillTable[skillID];
 
     DEBUGLOG(
         std::cout << PlayerManager::getPlayerName(plr) << " requested to summon nano skill " << std::endl;
     )
 
-    std::vector<int> targetData = findTargets(plr, skillID, data);
+    ICombatant* plrCombatant = dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(plr);
+    std::vector<ICombatant*> targetData = Abilities::matchTargets(plrCombatant, skillData, pkt->iTargetCnt, (int32_t*)(pkt + 1));
+    Abilities::useNanoSkill(sock, skillData, nano, targetData);
 
-    int boost = 0;
-    if (getNanoBoost(plr))
-        boost = 1;
-
-    plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina -= SkillTable[skillID].batteryUse[boost*3];
-    if (plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina < 0)
-        plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina = 0;
-
-    for (auto& pwr : NanoPowers)
-        if (pwr.skillType == SkillTable[skillID].skillType)
-            pwr.handle(sock, targetData, nanoID, skillID, SkillTable[skillID].durationTime[boost], SkillTable[skillID].powerIntensity[boost]);
-
-    if (plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina < 0)
+    if (plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina <= 0)
         summonNano(sock, -1);
 }
 

src/Nanos.hpp

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <set>
-#include <vector>
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
 
 #include "Player.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "Abilities.hpp"
+
+#include <map>
 
 struct NanoData {
     int style;

src/Player.hpp

@@ -1,22 +1,24 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <string>
-#include <cstring>
-
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
+
 #include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "Groups.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+
+/* forward declaration(s) */
+class Buff;
+struct BuffStack;
 
 #define ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT 6
 
 #define PC_MAXHEALTH(level) (925 + 75 * (level))
 
-struct Player : public Entity {
+struct Player : public Entity, public ICombatant {
     int accountId = 0;
     int accountLevel = 0; // permission level (see CN_ACCOUNT_LEVEL enums)
-    int64_t SerialKey = 0;
     int32_t iID = 0;
-    uint64_t FEKey = 0;
 
     int level = 0;
     int HP = 0;
@@ -34,9 +36,8 @@ struct Player : public Entity {
     int8_t iPCState = 0;
     int32_t iWarpLocationFlag = 0;
     int64_t aSkywayLocationFlag[2] = {};
-    int32_t iConditionBitFlag = 0;
-    int32_t iSelfConditionBitFlag = 0;
     int8_t iSpecialState = 0;
+    std::unordered_map<int, Buff*> buffs = {};
 
     int angle = 0;
     int lastX = 0, lastY = 0, lastZ = 0, lastAngle = 0;
@@ -51,7 +52,6 @@ struct Player : public Entity {
 
     bool inCombat = false;
     bool onMonkey = false;
-    int nanoDrainRate = 0;
     int healCooldown = 0;
 
     int pointDamage = 0;
@@ -67,10 +67,7 @@ struct Player : public Entity {
 
     sTimeLimitItemDeleteInfo2CL toRemoveVehicle = {};
 
-    int32_t iIDGroup = 0;
-    int groupCnt = 0;
-    int32_t groupIDs[4] = {};
-    int32_t iGroupConditionBitFlag = 0;
+    Group* group = nullptr;
 
     bool notify = false;
     bool hidden = false;
@@ -87,8 +84,31 @@ struct Player : public Entity {
     time_t lastShot = 0;
     std::vector<sItemBase> buyback = {};
 
-    Player() { type = EntityType::PLAYER; }
+    Player() { kind = EntityKind::PLAYER; }
 
     virtual void enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
     virtual void disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
+
+    virtual bool addBuff(int buffId, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> onTick, BuffStack* stack) override;
+    virtual Buff* getBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int buffId, BuffClass buffClass) override;
+    virtual void clearBuffs(bool force) override;
+    virtual bool hasBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual int getCompositeCondition() override;
+    virtual int takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual int heal(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual bool isAlive() override;
+    virtual int getCurrentHP() override;
+    virtual int getMaxHP() override;
+    virtual int getLevel() override;
+    virtual std::vector<EntityRef> getGroupMembers() override;
+    virtual int32_t getCharType() override;
+    virtual int32_t getID() override;
+    virtual EntityRef getRef() override;
+
+    virtual void step(time_t currTime) override;
+
+    sNano* getActiveNano();
+    sPCAppearanceData getAppearanceData();
 };

src/PlayerManager.cpp

@@ -1,25 +1,20 @@
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include "core/CNShared.hpp"
 #include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
-#include "Chat.hpp"
-#include "Buddies.hpp"
 #include "Combat.hpp"
 #include "Racing.hpp"
-#include "BuiltinCommands.hpp"
-#include "Abilities.hpp"
 #include "Eggs.hpp"
-
-#include "settings.hpp"
+#include "Missions.hpp"
+#include "Chat.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
+#include "Buddies.hpp"
+#include "BuiltinCommands.hpp"
 
 #include <assert.h>
-
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>
 #include <cmath>
@@ -28,17 +23,12 @@ using namespace PlayerManager;
 
 std::map<CNSocket*, Player*> PlayerManager::players;
 
-static void addPlayer(CNSocket* key, Player plr) {
-    Player *p = new Player();
+static void addPlayer(CNSocket* key, Player *plr) {
+    players[key] = plr;
+    plr->chunkPos = Chunking::INVALID_CHUNK;
+    plr->lastHeartbeat = 0;
 
-    // copy object into heap memory
-    *p = plr;
-
-    players[key] = p;
-    p->chunkPos = std::make_tuple(0, 0, 0); // TODO: maybe replace with specialized "no chunk" value
-    p->lastHeartbeat = 0;
-
-    std::cout << getPlayerName(p) << " has joined!" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << getPlayerName(plr) << " has joined!" << std::endl;
     std::cout << players.size() << " players" << std::endl;
 }
 
@@ -46,7 +36,13 @@ void PlayerManager::removePlayer(CNSocket* key) {
     Player* plr = getPlayer(key);
     uint64_t fromInstance = plr->instanceID;
 
-    Groups::groupKickPlayer(plr);
+    // free buff memory
+    for(auto buffEntry : plr->buffs)
+        delete buffEntry.second;
+
+    // leave group
+    if(plr->group != nullptr)
+        Groups::groupKick(plr->group, key);
 
     // remove player's bullets
     Combat::Bullets.erase(plr->iID);
@@ -70,16 +66,6 @@ void PlayerManager::removePlayer(CNSocket* key) {
     // if the player was in a lair, clean it up
     Chunking::destroyInstanceIfEmpty(fromInstance);
 
-    // remove player's buffs from the server
-    auto it = Eggs::EggBuffs.begin();
-    while (it != Eggs::EggBuffs.end()) {
-        if (it->first.first == key) {
-            it = Eggs::EggBuffs.erase(it);
-        }
-        else
-            it++;
-    }
-
     std::cout << players.size() << " players" << std::endl;
 }
 
@@ -97,6 +83,19 @@ void PlayerManager::updatePlayerPosition(CNSocket* sock, int X, int Y, int Z, ui
     Chunking::updateEntityChunk({sock}, oldChunk, newChunk);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Low-level helper function for correctly updating chunks when teleporting players.
+ *
+ * Use PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo() to actually teleport players.
+ */
+void PlayerManager::updatePlayerPositionForWarp(CNSocket* sock, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t inst) {
+    Player *plr = getPlayer(sock);
+
+    // force player to reload chunks
+    Chunking::updateEntityChunk({sock}, plr->chunkPos, Chunking::INVALID_CHUNK);
+    updatePlayerPosition(sock, X, Y, Z, inst, plr->angle);
+}
+
 void PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(CNSocket* sock, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I) {
     Player* plr = getPlayer(sock);
     plr->onMonkey = false;
@@ -148,8 +147,7 @@ void PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(CNSocket* sock, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I
     pkt2.iZ = Z;
     sock->sendPacket(pkt2, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_GOTO_SUCC);
 
-    Chunking::updateEntityChunk({sock}, plr->chunkPos, std::make_tuple(0, 0, 0)); // force player to reload chunks
-    updatePlayerPosition(sock, X, Y, Z, I, plr->angle);
+    updatePlayerPositionForWarp(sock, X, Y, Z, I);
 
     // post-warp: check if the source instance has no more players in it and delete it if so
     Chunking::destroyInstanceIfEmpty(fromInstance);
@@ -197,78 +195,87 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     auto enter = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ENTER*)data->buf;
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_ENTER_SUCC, response);
 
-    // TODO: check if serialkey exists, if it doesn't send sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_ENTER_FAIL
-    Player plr = CNSharedData::getPlayer(enter->iEnterSerialKey);
+    LoginMetadata *lm = CNShared::getLoginMetadata(enter->iEnterSerialKey);
+    if (lm == nullptr) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Refusing invalid REQ_PC_ENTER" << std::endl;
 
-    plr.groupCnt = 1;
-    plr.iIDGroup = plr.groupIDs[0] = plr.iID;
+        // send failure packet
+        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_ENTER_FAIL, fail);
+        sock->sendPacket(fail, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_ENTER_FAIL);
 
-    DEBUGLOG(
-        std::cout << "P_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ENTER:" << std::endl;
-        std::cout << "\tID: " << AUTOU16TOU8(enter->szID) << std::endl;
-        std::cout << "\tSerial: " << enter->iEnterSerialKey << std::endl;
-        std::cout << "\tTemp: " << enter->iTempValue << std::endl;
-        std::cout << "\tPC_UID: " << plr.PCStyle.iPC_UID << std::endl;
-    )
+        // kill the connection
+        sock->kill();
+        // no need to call _killConnection(); Player isn't in shard yet
 
-    // check if account is already in use
-    if (isAccountInUse(plr.accountId)) {
-        // kick the other player
-        exitDuplicate(plr.accountId);
+        return;
     }
 
-    response.iID = plr.iID;
+    Player *plr = new Player();
+    Database::getPlayer(plr, lm->playerId);
+
+    // check if account is already in use
+    if (isAccountInUse(plr->accountId)) {
+        // kick the other player
+        exitDuplicate(plr->accountId);
+
+        // re-read the player from disk, in case it was just flushed
+        *plr = {};
+        Database::getPlayer(plr, lm->playerId);
+    }
+
+    plr->group = nullptr;
+
+    response.iID = plr->iID;
     response.uiSvrTime = getTime();
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iUserLevel = plr.accountLevel;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iHP = plr.HP;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iLevel = plr.level;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iCandy = plr.money;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iFusionMatter = plr.fusionmatter;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iMentor = plr.mentor;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iUserLevel = plr->accountLevel;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iHP = plr->HP;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iLevel = plr->level;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iCandy = plr->money;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iFusionMatter = plr->fusionmatter;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iMentor = plr->mentor;
     response.PCLoadData2CL.iMentorCount = 1; // how many guides the player has had
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iX = plr.x;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iY = plr.y;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iZ = plr.z;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iAngle = plr.angle;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iBatteryN = plr.batteryN;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iBatteryW = plr.batteryW;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iX = plr->x;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iY = plr->y;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iZ = plr->z;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iAngle = plr->angle;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iBatteryN = plr->batteryN;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iBatteryW = plr->batteryW;
     response.PCLoadData2CL.iBuddyWarpTime = 60; // sets 60s warp cooldown on login
 
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iWarpLocationFlag = plr.iWarpLocationFlag;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.aWyvernLocationFlag[0] = plr.aSkywayLocationFlag[0];
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.aWyvernLocationFlag[1] = plr.aSkywayLocationFlag[1];
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iWarpLocationFlag = plr->iWarpLocationFlag;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.aWyvernLocationFlag[0] = plr->aSkywayLocationFlag[0];
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.aWyvernLocationFlag[1] = plr->aSkywayLocationFlag[1];
 
     response.PCLoadData2CL.iActiveNanoSlotNum = -1;
     response.PCLoadData2CL.iFatigue = 50;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.PCStyle = plr.PCStyle;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.PCStyle = plr->PCStyle;
 
     // client doesnt read this, it gets it from charinfo
-    // response.PCLoadData2CL.PCStyle2 = plr.PCStyle2;
+    // response.PCLoadData2CL.PCStyle2 = plr->PCStyle2;
     // inventory
     for (int i = 0; i < AEQUIP_COUNT; i++)
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aEquip[i] = plr.Equip[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aEquip[i] = plr->Equip[i];
     for (int i = 0; i < AINVEN_COUNT; i++)
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aInven[i] = plr.Inven[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aInven[i] = plr->Inven[i];
     // quest inventory
     for (int i = 0; i < AQINVEN_COUNT; i++)
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aQInven[i] = plr.QInven[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aQInven[i] = plr->QInven[i];
     // nanos
     for (int i = 1; i < SIZEOF_NANO_BANK_SLOT; i++) {
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aNanoBank[i] = plr.Nanos[i];
-        //response.PCLoadData2CL.aNanoBank[i] = plr.Nanos[i] = {0};
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aNanoBank[i] = plr->Nanos[i];
     }
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aNanoSlots[i] = plr.equippedNanos[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aNanoSlots[i] = plr->equippedNanos[i];
     }
     // missions in progress
     for (int i = 0; i < ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT; i++) {
-        if (plr.tasks[i] == 0)
+        if (plr->tasks[i] == 0)
             break;
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aCurrTaskID = plr.tasks[i];
-        TaskData &task = *Missions::Tasks[plr.tasks[i]];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aCurrTaskID = plr->tasks[i];
+        TaskData &task = *Missions::Tasks[plr->tasks[i]];
         for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
             response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aKillNPCID[j] = (int)task["m_iCSUEnemyID"][j];
-            response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aKillNPCCount[j] = plr.RemainingNPCCount[i][j];
+            response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aKillNPCCount[j] = plr->RemainingNPCCount[i][j];
             /*
              * client doesn't care about NeededItem ID and Count,
              * it gets Count from Quest Inventory
@@ -278,12 +285,12 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
             */
         }
     }
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iCurrentMissionID = plr.CurrentMissionID;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iCurrentMissionID = plr->CurrentMissionID;
 
     // completed missions
     // the packet requires 32 items, but the client only checks the first 16 (shrug)
     for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aQuestFlag[i] = plr.aQuestFlag[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aQuestFlag[i] = plr->aQuestFlag[i];
     }
 
     // Computress tips
@@ -292,15 +299,14 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag2 = UINT64_MAX;
     }
     else {
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag1 = plr.iFirstUseFlag[0];
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag2 = plr.iFirstUseFlag[1];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag1 = plr->iFirstUseFlag[0];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag2 = plr->iFirstUseFlag[1];
     }
 
-    plr.SerialKey = enter->iEnterSerialKey;
-    plr.instanceID = INSTANCE_OVERWORLD; // the player should never be in an instance on enter
+    plr->instanceID = INSTANCE_OVERWORLD; // the player should never be in an instance on enter
 
     sock->setEKey(CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey(response.uiSvrTime, response.iID + 1, response.PCLoadData2CL.iFusionMatter + 1));
-    sock->setFEKey(plr.FEKey);
+    sock->setFEKey(lm->FEKey);
     sock->setActiveKey(SOCKETKEY_FE); // send all packets using the FE key from now on
 
     sock->sendPacket(response, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_ENTER_SUCC);
@@ -308,12 +314,14 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     // transmit MOTD after entering the game, so the client hopefully changes modes on time
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, settings::MOTDSTRING);
 
+    // transfer ownership of Player object into the shard (still valid in this function though)
     addPlayer(sock, plr);
+
     // check if there is an expiring vehicle
-    Items::checkItemExpire(sock, getPlayer(sock));
+    Items::checkItemExpire(sock, plr);
 
     // set player equip stats
-    Items::setItemStats(getPlayer(sock));
+    Items::setItemStats(plr);
 
     Missions::failInstancedMissions(sock);
 
@@ -324,7 +332,18 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     for (auto& pair : players)
         if (pair.second->notify)
-            Chat::sendServerMessage(pair.first, "[ADMIN]" + getPlayerName(&plr) + " has joined.");
+            Chat::sendServerMessage(pair.first, "[ADMIN]" + getPlayerName(plr) + " has joined.");
+
+    // deallocate lm
+    delete lm;
+}
+
+void PlayerManager::sendToGroup(CNSocket* sock, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
+    Player* plr = getPlayer(sock);
+    if (plr->group == nullptr)
+        return;
+    for(const EntityRef& ref : plr->group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER))
+        ref.sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
 }
 
 void PlayerManager::sendToViewable(CNSocket* sock, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
@@ -332,7 +351,7 @@ void PlayerManager::sendToViewable(CNSocket* sock, void* buf, uint32_t type, siz
     for (auto it = plr->viewableChunks.begin(); it != plr->viewableChunks.end(); it++) {
         Chunk* chunk = *it;
         for (const EntityRef& ref : chunk->entities) {
-            if (ref.type != EntityType::PLAYER || ref.sock == sock)
+            if (ref.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER || ref.sock == sock)
                 continue;
 
             ref.sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
@@ -369,6 +388,9 @@ static void exitGame(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     response.iExitCode = 1;
 
     sock->sendPacket(response, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_EXIT_SUCC);
+
+    sock->kill();
+    CNShardServer::_killConnection(sock);
 }
 
 static void revivePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
@@ -382,17 +404,23 @@ static void revivePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     int activeSlot = -1;
     bool move = false;
 
-    if (reviveData->iRegenType == 3 && plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_PHOENIX) {
-        // nano revive
+    switch ((ePCRegenType)reviveData->iRegenType) {
+    case ePCRegenType::HereByPhoenix: // nano revive
+        if (!(plr->hasBuff(ECSB_PHOENIX)))
+            return; // sanity check
         plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina = 0;
-        plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level);
-        Nanos::applyBuff(sock, plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID, 2, 1, 0);
-    } else if (reviveData->iRegenType == 4) {
-        plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level);
-    } else {
+        // fallthrough
+    case ePCRegenType::HereByPhoenixGroup: // revived by group member's nano
+        plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) / 2;
+        break;
+
+    default: // plain respawn
+        plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) / 2;
+        plr->clearBuffs(false);
+        // fallthrough
+    case ePCRegenType::Unstick: // warp away
         move = true;
-        if (reviveData->iRegenType != 5)
-            plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level);
+        break;
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
@@ -444,11 +472,9 @@ static void revivePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iHP = plr->HP;
     resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iAngle = plr->angle;
 
-    Player *otherPlr = getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-    if (otherPlr != nullptr) {
-        int bitFlag = Groups::getGroupFlags(otherPlr);
-        resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag = plr->iSelfConditionBitFlag | bitFlag;
-
+    if (plr->group != nullptr) {
+        
+        resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iConditionBitFlag = plr->getCompositeCondition();
         resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iPCState = plr->iPCState;
         resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iSpecialState = plr->iSpecialState;
         resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.Nano = plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano];
@@ -459,8 +485,7 @@ static void revivePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     if (!move)
         return;
 
-    Chunking::updateEntityChunk({sock}, plr->chunkPos, std::make_tuple(0, 0, 0)); // force player to reload chunks
-    updatePlayerPosition(sock, x, y, z, plr->instanceID, plr->angle);
+    updatePlayerPositionForWarp(sock, x, y, z, plr->instanceID);
 }
 
 static void enterPlayerVehicle(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
@@ -640,16 +665,16 @@ CNSocket *PlayerManager::getSockFromName(std::string firstname, std::string last
 }
 
 CNSocket *PlayerManager::getSockFromAny(int by, int id, int uid, std::string firstname, std::string lastname) {
-    switch (by) {
-    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_ID:
+    switch ((eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy)by) {
+    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy::PC_ID:
         assert(id != 0);
         return getSockFromID(id);
-    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_UID: // account id; not player id
+    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy::PC_UID: // account id; not player id
         assert(uid != 0);
         for (auto& pair : players)
             if (pair.second->accountId == uid)
                 return pair.first;
-    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_Name:
+    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy::PC_Name:
         assert(firstname != "" && lastname != ""); // XXX: remove this if we start messing around with edited names?
         return getSockFromName(firstname, lastname);
     }
@@ -687,4 +712,6 @@ void PlayerManager::init() {
     REGISTER_SHARD_PACKET(P_CL2FE_REQ_PC_VEHICLE_OFF, exitPlayerVehicle);
     REGISTER_SHARD_PACKET(P_CL2FE_REQ_PC_CHANGE_MENTOR, changePlayerGuide);
     REGISTER_SHARD_PACKET(P_CL2FE_REQ_PC_FIRST_USE_FLAG_SET, setFirstUseFlag);
+
+    REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(CNShared::pruneLoginMetadata, CNSHARED_PERIOD);
 }

src/PlayerManager.hpp

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
 
-#include <utility>
+#include "Player.hpp"
+#include "Chunking.hpp"
+#include "Transport.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+
 #include <map>
 #include <list>
 
-struct WarpLocation;
-
 namespace PlayerManager {
     extern std::map<CNSocket*, Player*> players;
     void init();
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@ namespace PlayerManager {
     void removePlayer(CNSocket* key);
 
     void updatePlayerPosition(CNSocket* sock, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I, int angle);
+    void updatePlayerPositionForWarp(CNSocket* sock, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t inst);
 
     void sendPlayerTo(CNSocket* sock, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I);
     void sendPlayerTo(CNSocket* sock, int X, int Y, int Z);
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ namespace PlayerManager {
     CNSocket *getSockFromAny(int by, int id, int uid, std::string firstname, std::string lastname);
     WarpLocation *getRespawnPoint(Player *plr);
 
+    void sendToGroup(CNSocket *sock, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
     void sendToViewable(CNSocket *sock, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
 
     // TODO: unify this under the new Entity system
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ namespace PlayerManager {
         for (auto it = plr->viewableChunks.begin(); it != plr->viewableChunks.end(); it++) {
             Chunk* chunk = *it;
             for (const EntityRef& ref : chunk->entities) {
-                if (ref.type != EntityType::PLAYER || ref.sock == sock)
+                if (ref.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER || ref.sock == sock)
                     continue;
 
                 ref.sock->sendPacket(pkt, type);

src/PlayerMovement.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #include "PlayerMovement.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "TableData.hpp"
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
@@ -33,7 +36,7 @@ static void movePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     // [gruntwork] check if player has a follower and move it
     if (TableData::RunningNPCPaths.find(plr->iID) != TableData::RunningNPCPaths.end()) {
         BaseNPC* follower = TableData::RunningNPCPaths[plr->iID].first;
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(follower->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // erase existing points
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(follower->id); // erase existing points
         std::queue<Vec3> queue;
         Vec3 from = { follower->x, follower->y, follower->z };
         float drag = 0.95f; // this ensures that they don't bump into the player
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ static void movePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
         // add a route to the queue; to be processed in Transport::stepNPCPathing()
         Transport::lerp(&queue, from, to, NPC_DEFAULT_SPEED * 1.5); // little faster than typical
-        Transport::NPCQueues[follower->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = queue;
+        Transport::NPCQueues[follower->id] = queue;
     }
 }
 

src/Racing.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Racing.hpp"
+
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
 
 using namespace Racing;
 
@@ -64,9 +66,23 @@ static void racingCancel(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_EP_RACE_CANCEL_SUCC, resp);
     sock->sendPacket(resp, P_FE2CL_REP_EP_RACE_CANCEL_SUCC);
 
-    // we have to teleport the player back after this, otherwise they are unable to move
+    /* 
+     * This request packet is used for both cancelling the race via the
+     * NPC at the start, *and* failing the race by running out of time.
+     * If the latter is to happen, the client disables movement until it
+     * receives a packet from the server that re-enables it.
+     *
+     * So, in order to prevent a potential softlock we respawn the player.
+     */
+
     WarpLocation* respawnLoc = PlayerManager::getRespawnPoint(plr);
-    PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(sock, respawnLoc->x, respawnLoc->y, respawnLoc->z, respawnLoc->instanceID);
+
+    if (respawnLoc != nullptr) {
+        PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(sock, respawnLoc->x, respawnLoc->y, respawnLoc->z, respawnLoc->instanceID);
+    } else {
+        // fallback, just respawn the player in-place if no suitable point is found
+        PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(sock, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID);
+    }
 }
 
 static void racingEnd(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {

src/Racing.hpp

@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <set>
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <set>
 
 struct EPInfo {
     int zoneX, zoneY, EPID, maxScore, maxTime;
 };
 
 struct EPRace {
-	std::set<int> collectedRings;
+    std::set<int> collectedRings;
     int mode, ticketSlot;
     time_t startTime;
 };

src/Rand.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "Rand.hpp"
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
 
 std::unique_ptr<std::mt19937> Rand::generator;
 
@@ -33,6 +34,58 @@ float Rand::randFloat() {
     return Rand::randFloat(0.0f, 1.0f);
 }
 
+#define RANDBYTES 8
+
+/*
+ * Cryptographically secure RNG. Borrowed from bcrypt_gensalt().
+ */
+uint64_t Rand::cryptoRand() {
+    uint8_t buf[RANDBYTES];
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HCRYPTPROV p;
+
+    // Acquire a crypt context for generating random bytes.
+    if (CryptAcquireContext(&p, NULL, NULL, PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT) == FALSE) {
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    if (CryptGenRandom(p, RANDBYTES, (BYTE*)buf) == FALSE) {
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    if (CryptReleaseContext(p, 0) == FALSE) {
+        goto fail;
+    }
+#else
+    int fd;
+
+    // Get random bytes on Unix/Linux.
+    fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        perror("open");
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    if (read(fd, buf, RANDBYTES) < RANDBYTES) {
+        perror("read");
+        close(fd);
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    close(fd);
+#endif
+
+    return *(uint64_t*)buf;
+
+fail:
+    std::cout << "[FATAL] Failed to generate cryptographic random number" << std::endl;
+    terminate(0);
+
+    /* not reached */
+    return 0;
+}
+
 void Rand::init(uint64_t seed) {
     Rand::generator = std::make_unique<std::mt19937>(std::mt19937(seed));
 }

src/Rand.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <random>
 #include <memory>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace Rand {
     extern std::unique_ptr<std::mt19937> generator;
@@ -14,6 +15,8 @@ namespace Rand {
 
     int32_t randWeighted(const std::vector<int32_t>& weights);
 
+    uint64_t cryptoRand();
+
     float randFloat(float startInclusive, float endExclusive);
     float randFloat(float endExclusive);
     float randFloat();

src/TableData.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
 #include "TableData.hpp"
+
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "settings.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Racing.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
 #include "Vendors.hpp"
+#include "Racing.hpp"
+#include "Nanos.hpp"
 #include "Abilities.hpp"
 #include "Eggs.hpp"
 
-#include "JSON.hpp"
-
 #include <fstream>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <cmath>
@@ -37,6 +33,22 @@ public:
     const char *what() const throw() { return msg.c_str(); }
 };
 
+/*
+ * We must refuse to run if an invalid NPC type is found in the JSONs, especially
+ * the gruntwork file. If we were to just skip loading invalid NPCs, they would get
+ * silently dropped from the gruntwork file, which would be confusing in situations
+ * where a gruntwork file for the wrong game build was accidentally loaded.
+ */
+static void ensureValidNPCType(int type, std::string filename) {
+    // last known NPC type
+    int npcLimit = NPCManager::NPCData.back()["m_iNpcNumber"];
+
+    if (type > npcLimit) {
+        std::cout << "[FATAL] " << filename << " contains an invalid NPC type: " << type << std::endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
 /*
  * Create a full and properly-paced path by interpolating between keyframes.
  */
@@ -215,18 +227,34 @@ static void loadXDT(json& xdtData) {
         // load nano powers
         json skills = xdtData["m_pSkillTable"]["m_pSkillData"];
 
-        for (json::iterator _skills = skills.begin(); _skills != skills.end(); _skills++) {
-            auto skills = _skills.value();
-            SkillData skillData = { skills["m_iSkillType"], skills["m_iTargetType"], skills["m_iBatteryDrainType"], skills["m_iEffectArea"] };
+        for (json::iterator _skill = skills.begin(); _skill != skills.end(); _skill++) {
+            auto skill = _skill.value();
+            SkillData skillData = {
+                skill["m_iSkillType"],
+                skill["m_iEffectTarget"],
+                skill["m_iEffectType"],
+                skill["m_iTargetType"],
+                skill["m_iBatteryDrainType"],
+                skill["m_iEffectArea"]
+            };
+
+            skillData.valueTypes[0] = skill["m_iValueA_Type"];
+            skillData.valueTypes[1] = skill["m_iValueB_Type"];
+            skillData.valueTypes[2] = skill["m_iValueC_Type"];
+
             for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                skillData.batteryUse[i] = skills["m_iBatteryDrainUse"][i];
-                skillData.durationTime[i] = skills["m_iDurationTime"][i];
-                skillData.powerIntensity[i] = skills["m_iValueA"][i];
+                skillData.batteryUse[i] = skill["m_iBatteryDrainUse"][i];
+                skillData.durationTime[i] = skill["m_iDurationTime"][i];
+
+                skillData.values[0][i] = skill["m_iValueA"][i];
+                skillData.values[1][i] = skill["m_iValueB"][i];
+                skillData.values[2][i] = skill["m_iValueC"][i];
             }
-            Nanos::SkillTable[skills["m_iSkillNumber"]] = skillData;
+
+            Abilities::SkillTable[skill["m_iSkillNumber"]] = skillData;
         }
 
-        std::cout << "[INFO] Loaded " << Nanos::SkillTable.size() << " nano skills" << std::endl;
+        std::cout << "[INFO] Loaded " << Abilities::SkillTable.size() << " nano skills" << std::endl;
 
         // load EP data
         json instances = xdtData["m_pInstanceTable"]["m_pInstanceData"];
@@ -298,10 +326,10 @@ static void loadPaths(json& pathData, int32_t* nextId) {
             if (passedDistance >= SLIDER_GAP_SIZE) { // space them out uniformaly
                 passedDistance -= SLIDER_GAP_SIZE; // step down
                 // spawn a slider
-                Bus* slider = new Bus(point.x, point.y, point.z, 0, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, 1, (*nextId)--);
-                NPCManager::NPCs[slider->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = slider;
-                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(slider->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, slider->x, slider->y, slider->z, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, 0);
-                Transport::NPCQueues[slider->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = route;
+                Bus* slider = new Bus(0, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, 1, (*nextId)--);
+                NPCManager::NPCs[slider->id] = slider;
+                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(slider->id, point.x, point.y, point.z, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, 0);
+                Transport::NPCQueues[slider->id] = route;
             }
             // rotate
             route.pop();
@@ -643,7 +671,7 @@ static void loadEggs(json& eggData, int32_t* nextId) {
             int id = (*nextId)--;
             uint64_t instanceID = egg.find("iMapNum") == egg.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)egg["iMapNum"];
 
-            Egg* addEgg = new Egg((int)egg["iX"], (int)egg["iY"], (int)egg["iZ"], instanceID, (int)egg["iType"], id, false);
+            Egg* addEgg = new Egg(instanceID, (int)egg["iType"], id, false);
             NPCManager::NPCs[id] = addEgg;
             eggCount++;
             NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(id, (int)egg["iX"], (int)egg["iY"], (int)egg["iZ"], instanceID, 0);
@@ -662,6 +690,8 @@ static void loadEggs(json& eggData, int32_t* nextId) {
  * Load gruntwork output, if it exists
  */
 static void loadGruntworkPre(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
+    if (gruntwork.is_null())
+        return;
 
     try {
         auto paths = gruntwork["paths"];
@@ -671,10 +701,10 @@ static void loadGruntworkPre(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
             std::vector<int32_t> targetIDs;
             std::vector<int32_t> targetTypes; // target types are not exportable from gw, but load them anyway
             std::vector<Vec3> pathPoints;
-            int speed = (int)path["iBaseSpeed"];
-            int taskID = (int)path["iTaskID"];
-            bool relative = (bool)path["bRelative"];
-            bool loop = (bool)path["bLoop"];
+            int speed = path.find("iBaseSpeed") == path.end() ? NPC_DEFAULT_SPEED : (int)path["iBaseSpeed"];
+            int taskID = path.find("iTaskID") == path.end() ? -1 : (int)path["iTaskID"];
+            bool relative = path.find("bRelative") == path.end() ? false : (bool)path["bRelative"];
+            bool loop = path.find("bLoop") == path.end() ? true : (bool)path["bLoop"]; // loop by default
 
             // target IDs
             for (json::iterator _tID = path["aNPCIDs"].begin(); _tID != path["aNPCIDs"].end(); _tID++)
@@ -711,8 +741,8 @@ static void loadGruntworkPre(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
 }
 
 static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
-
-    if (gruntwork.is_null()) return;
+    if (gruntwork.is_null())
+        return;
 
     try {
         // skyway paths
@@ -737,7 +767,7 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
             if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(npcID) == NPCManager::NPCs.end())
                 continue; // NPC not found
             BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[npcID];
-            npc->appearanceData.iAngle = angle;
+            npc->angle = angle;
 
             RunningNPCRotations[npcID] = angle;
         }
@@ -750,8 +780,8 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
             if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(npcID) == NPCManager::NPCs.end())
                 continue; // NPC not found
             BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[npcID];
-            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->x, npc->y,
-                npc->z, instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, npc->x, npc->y,
+                npc->z, instanceID, npc->angle);
 
             RunningNPCMapNumbers[npcID] = instanceID;
         }
@@ -764,6 +794,8 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
             int id = (*nextId)--;
             uint64_t instanceID = mob.find("iMapNum") == mob.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)mob["iMapNum"];
 
+            ensureValidNPCType((int)mob["iNPCType"], settings::GRUNTWORKJSON);
+
             if (NPCManager::NPCData[(int)mob["iNPCType"]]["m_iTeam"] == 2) {
                 npc = new Mob(mob["iX"], mob["iY"], mob["iZ"], instanceID, mob["iNPCType"],
                     NPCManager::NPCData[(int)mob["iNPCType"]], id);
@@ -771,18 +803,21 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
                 // re-enable respawning
                 ((Mob*)npc)->summoned = false;
             } else {
-                npc = new BaseNPC(mob["iX"], mob["iY"], mob["iZ"], mob["iAngle"], instanceID, mob["iNPCType"], id);
+                npc = new BaseNPC(mob["iAngle"], instanceID, mob["iNPCType"], id);
             }
 
-            NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = npc;
-            RunningMobs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = npc;
-            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, mob["iX"], mob["iY"], mob["iZ"], instanceID, mob["iAngle"]);
+            NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id] = npc;
+            RunningMobs[npc->id] = npc;
+            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, mob["iX"], mob["iY"], mob["iZ"], instanceID, mob["iAngle"]);
         }
 
         // mob groups
         auto groups = gruntwork["groups"];
         for (auto _group = groups.begin(); _group != groups.end(); _group++) {
             auto leader = _group.value();
+
+            ensureValidNPCType((int)leader["iNPCType"], settings::GRUNTWORKJSON);
+
             auto td = NPCManager::NPCData[(int)leader["iNPCType"]];
             uint64_t instanceID = leader.find("iMapNum") == leader.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)leader["iMapNum"];
 
@@ -803,6 +838,9 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
                 int followerCount = 0;
                 for (json::iterator _fol = followers.begin(); _fol != followers.end(); _fol++) {
                     auto follower = _fol.value();
+
+                    ensureValidNPCType((int)follower["iNPCType"], settings::GRUNTWORKJSON);
+
                     auto tdFol = NPCManager::NPCData[(int)follower["iNPCType"]];
                     Mob* tmpFol = new Mob((int)leader["iX"] + (int)follower["iOffsetX"], (int)leader["iY"] + (int)follower["iOffsetY"], leader["iZ"], leader["iAngle"], instanceID, follower["iNPCType"], tdFol, *nextId);
 
@@ -814,7 +852,7 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
 
                     tmpFol->offsetX = follower.find("iOffsetX") == follower.end() ? 0 : (int)follower["iOffsetX"];
                     tmpFol->offsetY = follower.find("iOffsetY") == follower.end() ? 0 : (int)follower["iOffsetY"];
-                    tmpFol->groupLeader = tmp->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+                    tmpFol->groupLeader = tmp->id;
                     tmp->groupMember[followerCount++] = *nextId;
 
                     (*nextId)--;
@@ -824,7 +862,7 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
                 std::cout << "[WARN] Mob group leader with ID " << *nextId << " has too many followers (" << followers.size() << ")\n";
             }
 
-            RunningGroups[tmp->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = tmp; // store as running
+            RunningGroups[tmp->id] = tmp; // store as running
         }
 
         auto eggs = gruntwork["eggs"];
@@ -833,7 +871,7 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
             int id = (*nextId)--;
             uint64_t instanceID = egg.find("iMapNum") == egg.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)egg["iMapNum"];
 
-            Egg* addEgg = new Egg((int)egg["iX"], (int)egg["iY"], (int)egg["iZ"], instanceID, (int)egg["iType"], id, false);
+            Egg* addEgg = new Egg(instanceID, (int)egg["iType"], id, false);
             NPCManager::NPCs[id] = addEgg;
             NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(id, (int)egg["iX"], (int)egg["iY"], (int)egg["iZ"], instanceID, 0);
             RunningEggs[id] = addEgg;
@@ -859,16 +897,15 @@ static void loadNPCs(json& npcData) {
             npcID += NPC_ID_OFFSET;
             int instanceID = npc.find("iMapNum") == npc.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)npc["iMapNum"];
             int type = (int)npc["iNPCType"];
-            if (NPCManager::NPCData[type].is_null()) {
-                std::cout << "[WARN] NPC type " << type << " not found; skipping (json#" << _npc.key() << ")" << std::endl;
-                continue;
-            }
+
+            ensureValidNPCType(type, settings::NPCJSON);
+
 #ifdef ACADEMY
             // do not spawn NPCs in the future
             if (npc["iX"] > 512000 && npc["iY"] < 256000)
                 continue;
 #endif
-            BaseNPC* tmp = new BaseNPC(npc["iX"], npc["iY"], npc["iZ"], npc["iAngle"], instanceID, type, npcID);
+            BaseNPC* tmp = new BaseNPC(npc["iAngle"], instanceID, type, npcID);
 
             NPCManager::NPCs[npcID] = tmp;
             NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npcID, npc["iX"], npc["iY"], npc["iZ"], instanceID, npc["iAngle"]);
@@ -904,10 +941,9 @@ static void loadMobs(json& npcData, int32_t* nextId) {
             int npcID = std::strtol(_npc.key().c_str(), nullptr, 10); // parse ID string to integer
             npcID += MOB_ID_OFFSET;
             int type = (int)npc["iNPCType"];
-            if (NPCManager::NPCData[type].is_null()) {
-                std::cout << "[WARN] NPC type " << type << " not found; skipping (json#" << _npc.key() << ")" << std::endl;
-                continue;
-            }
+
+            ensureValidNPCType(type, settings::MOBJSON);
+
             auto td = NPCManager::NPCData[type];
             uint64_t instanceID = npc.find("iMapNum") == npc.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)npc["iMapNum"];
 
@@ -935,7 +971,10 @@ static void loadMobs(json& npcData, int32_t* nextId) {
         for (json::iterator _group = groupData.begin(); _group != groupData.end(); _group++) {
             auto leader = _group.value();
             int leadID = std::strtol(_group.key().c_str(), nullptr, 10); // parse ID string to integer
+
             leadID += MOB_GROUP_ID_OFFSET;
+            ensureValidNPCType(leader["iNPCType"], settings::MOBJSON);
+
             auto td = NPCManager::NPCData[(int)leader["iNPCType"]];
             uint64_t instanceID = leader.find("iMapNum") == leader.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)leader["iMapNum"];
             auto followers = leader["aFollowers"];
@@ -965,6 +1004,9 @@ static void loadMobs(json& npcData, int32_t* nextId) {
                 int followerCount = 0;
                 for (json::iterator _fol = followers.begin(); _fol != followers.end(); _fol++) {
                     auto follower = _fol.value();
+
+                    ensureValidNPCType(follower["iNPCType"], settings::MOBJSON);
+
                     auto tdFol = NPCManager::NPCData[(int)follower["iNPCType"]];
                     Mob* tmpFol = new Mob((int)leader["iX"] + (int)follower["iOffsetX"], (int)leader["iY"] + (int)follower["iOffsetY"], leader["iZ"], leader["iAngle"], instanceID, follower["iNPCType"], tdFol, *nextId);
 
@@ -973,7 +1015,7 @@ static void loadMobs(json& npcData, int32_t* nextId) {
 
                     tmpFol->offsetX = follower.find("iOffsetX") == follower.end() ? 0 : (int)follower["iOffsetX"];
                     tmpFol->offsetY = follower.find("iOffsetY") == follower.end() ? 0 : (int)follower["iOffsetY"];
-                    tmpFol->groupLeader = tmp->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+                    tmpFol->groupLeader = tmp->id;
                     tmp->groupMember[followerCount++] = *nextId;
 
                     (*nextId)--;
@@ -1070,19 +1112,39 @@ void TableData::init() {
     };
 
     // load JSON data into tables
-    std::ifstream fstream;
     for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
         std::pair<json*, std::string>& table = tables[i];
-        fstream.open(settings::TDATADIR + table.second); // open file
-        if (!fstream.fail()) {
-            fstream >> *table.first; // load file contents into table
-        } else {
-            if (table.first != &gruntwork) { // gruntwork isn't critical
-                std::cerr << "[FATAL] Critical tdata file missing: " << settings::TDATADIR << table.second << std::endl;
+
+        // scope for fstream
+        {
+            std::ifstream fstream;
+            fstream.open(settings::TDATADIR + "/" + table.second); // open file
+
+            // did we fail to open the file?
+            if (fstream.fail()) {
+                // gruntwork isn't critical
+                if (table.first == &gruntwork)
+                    continue;
+
+                std::cerr << "[FATAL] Critical tdata file missing: " << table.second << std::endl;
                 exit(1);
             }
+
+            // is the file empty?
+            if (fstream.peek() == std::ifstream::traits_type::eof()) {
+                // tolerate empty gruntwork file
+                if (table.first == &gruntwork) {
+                    std::cout << "[WARN] The gruntwork file is empty" << std::endl;
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                std::cerr << "[FATAL] Critical tdata file is empty: " << table.second << std::endl;
+                exit(1);
+            }
+
+            // load file contents into table
+            fstream >> *table.first;
         }
-        fstream.close();
 
         // patching: load each patch directory specified in the config file
 
@@ -1097,11 +1159,11 @@ void TableData::init() {
             std::string patchModuleName = *it;
             std::string patchFile = settings::PATCHDIR + patchModuleName + "/" + table.second;
             try {
+                std::ifstream fstream;
                 fstream.open(patchFile);
                 fstream >> patch; // load into temporary json object
                 std::cout << "[INFO] Patching " << patchFile << std::endl;
                 patchJSON(table.first, &patch); // patch
-                fstream.close();
             } catch (const std::exception& err) {
                 // no-op
             }
@@ -1127,7 +1189,7 @@ void TableData::init() {
  * Write gruntwork output to file
  */
 void TableData::flush() {
-    std::ofstream file(settings::TDATADIR + settings::GRUNTWORKJSON);
+    std::ofstream file(settings::TDATADIR + "/" + settings::GRUNTWORKJSON);
     json gruntwork;
 
     for (auto& pair : RunningSkywayRoutes) {
@@ -1176,7 +1238,7 @@ void TableData::flush() {
             continue;
 
         int x, y, z;
-        if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
             Mob *m = (Mob*)npc;
             x = m->spawnX;
             y = m->spawnY;
@@ -1188,13 +1250,13 @@ void TableData::flush() {
         }
 
         // NOTE: this format deviates slightly from the one in mobs.json
-        mob["iNPCType"] = (int)npc->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+        mob["iNPCType"] = (int)npc->type;
         mob["iX"] = x;
         mob["iY"] = y;
         mob["iZ"] = z;
         mob["iMapNum"] = MAPNUM(npc->instanceID);
         // this is a bit imperfect, since this is a live angle, not a spawn angle so it'll change often, but eh
-        mob["iAngle"] = npc->appearanceData.iAngle;
+        mob["iAngle"] = npc->angle;
 
         // it's called mobs, but really it's everything
         gruntwork["mobs"].push_back(mob);
@@ -1209,19 +1271,19 @@ void TableData::flush() {
 
         int x, y, z;
         std::vector<Mob*> followers;
-        if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
             Mob* m = (Mob*)npc;
             x = m->spawnX;
             y = m->spawnY;
             z = m->spawnZ;
-            if (m->groupLeader != m->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) { // make sure this is a leader
+            if (m->groupLeader != m->id) { // make sure this is a leader
                 std::cout << "[WARN] Non-leader mob found in running groups; ignoring\n";
                 continue;
             }
 
             // add follower data to vector; go until OOB or until follower ID is 0
             for (int i = 0; i < 4 && m->groupMember[i] > 0; i++) {
-                if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(m->groupMember[i]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[m->groupMember[i]]->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+                if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(m->groupMember[i]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[m->groupMember[i]]->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
                     std::cout << "[WARN] Follower with ID " << m->groupMember[i] << " not found; skipping\n";
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -1235,13 +1297,13 @@ void TableData::flush() {
         }
 
         // NOTE: this format deviates slightly from the one in mobs.json
-        mob["iNPCType"] = (int)npc->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+        mob["iNPCType"] = (int)npc->type;
         mob["iX"] = x;
         mob["iY"] = y;
         mob["iZ"] = z;
         mob["iMapNum"] = MAPNUM(npc->instanceID);
         // this is a bit imperfect, since this is a live angle, not a spawn angle so it'll change often, but eh
-        mob["iAngle"] = npc->appearanceData.iAngle;
+        mob["iAngle"] = npc->angle;
 
         // followers
         while (followers.size() > 0) {
@@ -1250,7 +1312,7 @@ void TableData::flush() {
 
             // populate JSON entry
             json fol;
-            fol["iNPCType"] = follower->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+            fol["iNPCType"] = follower->type;
             fol["iOffsetX"] = follower->offsetX;
             fol["iOffsetY"] = follower->offsetY;
 
@@ -1275,7 +1337,7 @@ void TableData::flush() {
         int mapnum = MAPNUM(npc->instanceID);
         if (mapnum != 0)
             egg["iMapNum"] = mapnum;
-        egg["iType"] = npc->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+        egg["iType"] = npc->type;
 
         gruntwork["eggs"].push_back(egg);
     }

src/TableData.hpp

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <map>
+#include "JSON.hpp"
 
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "Transport.hpp"
+
+#include <map>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
 
 // these are added to the NPC's static key to avoid collisions
 const int NPC_ID_OFFSET = 1;

src/Trading.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 #include "Trading.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
 
 using namespace Trading;
 
@@ -205,6 +209,13 @@ static void tradeConfirm(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_ABORT, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_ABORT));
         resp.iID_Request = plr->iID;
         otherSock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_ABORT, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_ABORT));
+
+        // both players are no longer trading
+        plr->isTrading = false;
+        plr2->isTrading = false;
+        plr->isTradeConfirm = false;
+        plr2->isTradeConfirm = false;
+
         return;
     }
 
@@ -247,14 +258,23 @@ static void tradeConfirm(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         otherSock->sendPacket((void*)&resp2, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_SUCC));
     } else {
         INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_ABORT, resp);
-        resp.iID_Request = plr2->iID;
+        resp.iID_Request = plr->iID;
         resp.iID_From = pacdat->iID_From;
         resp.iID_To = pacdat->iID_To;
         sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_ABORT, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_ABORT));
-        resp.iID_Request = plr->iID;
+        resp.iID_Request = plr2->iID;
         otherSock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_ABORT, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CONFIRM_ABORT));
+
+        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_GM_REP_PC_ANNOUNCE, msg);
+        std::string text = "Trade Failed";
+        U8toU16(text, msg.szAnnounceMsg, sizeof(msg.szAnnounceMsg));
+        msg.iDuringTime = 3;
+        sock->sendPacket(msg, P_FE2CL_GM_REP_PC_ANNOUNCE);
+        otherSock->sendPacket(msg, P_FE2CL_GM_REP_PC_ANNOUNCE);
         return;
     }
+
+    Database::commitTrade(plr, plr2);
 }
 
 static void tradeConfirmCancel(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
@@ -301,8 +321,10 @@ static void tradeRegisterItem(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         return;
 
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+    Player* plr2 = PlayerManager::getPlayer(otherSock);
     plr->Trade[pacdat->Item.iSlotNum] = pacdat->Item;
     plr->isTradeConfirm = false;
+    plr2->isTradeConfirm = false;
 
     // since you can spread items like gumballs over multiple slots, we need to count them all
     // to make sure the inventory shows the right value during trade.
@@ -343,7 +365,9 @@ static void tradeUnregisterItem(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         return;
 
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+    Player* plr2 = PlayerManager::getPlayer(otherSock);
     plr->isTradeConfirm = false;
+    plr2->isTradeConfirm = false;
 
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_ITEM_UNREGISTER_SUCC, resp);
     resp.iID_Request = pacdat->iID_Request;
@@ -374,7 +398,7 @@ static void tradeRegisterCash(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
     if (pacdat->iCandy < 0 || pacdat->iCandy > plr->money)
-       return; // famous glitch, begone
+        return; // famous glitch, begone
 
     CNSocket* otherSock; // weird flip flop because we need to know who the other player is
     if (pacdat->iID_Request == pacdat->iID_From)
@@ -385,6 +409,10 @@ static void tradeRegisterCash(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     if (otherSock == nullptr)
         return;
 
+    Player* plr2 = PlayerManager::getPlayer(otherSock);
+    plr->isTradeConfirm = false;
+    plr2->isTradeConfirm = false;
+
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TRADE_CASH_REGISTER_SUCC, resp);
     resp.iID_Request = pacdat->iID_Request;
     resp.iID_From = pacdat->iID_From;

src/Trading.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "Items.hpp"
-
 namespace Trading {
     void init();
 }

src/Transport.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
+#include "Transport.hpp"
+
 #include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
 #include "TableData.hpp"
-#include "Combat.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
 #include "MobAI.hpp"
 
 #include <unordered_map>
@@ -165,9 +168,9 @@ static void transportWarpHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     if (target == nullptr)
         return;
+
     // we warped; update position and chunks
-    Chunking::updateEntityChunk({sock}, plr->chunkPos, std::make_tuple(0, 0, 0)); // force player to reload chunks
-    PlayerManager::updatePlayerPosition(sock, target->x, target->y, target->z, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, plr->angle);
+    PlayerManager::updatePlayerPositionForWarp(sock, target->x, target->y, target->z, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD);
 }
 
 void Transport::testMssRoute(CNSocket *sock, std::vector<Vec3>* route) {
@@ -257,13 +260,13 @@ static void stepNPCPathing() {
         }
 
         // skip if not simulating mobs
-        if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB && !MobAI::simulateMobs) {
+        if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB && !MobAI::simulateMobs) {
             it++;
             continue;
         }
 
         // do not roam if not roaming
-        if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB && ((Mob*)npc)->state != MobState::ROAMING) {
+        if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB && ((Mob*)npc)->state != AIState::ROAMING) {
             it++;
             continue;
         }
@@ -276,15 +279,15 @@ static void stepNPCPathing() {
         int distanceBetween = hypot(dXY, point.z - npc->z); // total distance
 
         // update NPC location to update viewables
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, point.x, point.y, point.z, npc->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, point.x, point.y, point.z, npc->instanceID, npc->angle);
 
         // TODO: move walking logic into Entity stack
-        switch (npc->type) {
-        case EntityType::BUS:
+        switch (npc->kind) {
+        case EntityKind::BUS:
             INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_MOVE, busMove);
 
             busMove.eTT = 3;
-            busMove.iT_ID = npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+            busMove.iT_ID = npc->id;
             busMove.iMoveStyle = 0; // ???
             busMove.iToX = point.x;
             busMove.iToY = point.y;
@@ -293,12 +296,12 @@ static void stepNPCPathing() {
 
             NPCManager::sendToViewable(npc, &busMove, P_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_MOVE, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_MOVE));
             break;
-        case EntityType::MOB:
+        case EntityKind::MOB:
             MobAI::incNextMovement((Mob*)npc);
             /* fallthrough */
         default:
             INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NPC_MOVE, move);
-            move.iNPC_ID = npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+            move.iNPC_ID = npc->id;
             move.iMoveStyle = 0; // ???
             move.iToX = point.x;
             move.iToY = point.y;
@@ -385,7 +388,7 @@ NPCPath* Transport::findApplicablePath(int32_t id, int32_t type, int taskID) {
 
 void Transport::constructPathNPC(int32_t id, NPCPath* path) {
     BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[id];
-    if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB)
+    if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB)
         ((Mob*)(npc))->staticPath = true;
     npc->loopingPath = path->isLoop;
 

src/Transport.hpp

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
 
 #include <unordered_map>
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <queue>
 
 const int SLIDER_SPEED = 1200;
 const int SLIDER_STOP_TICKS = 16;

src/Vendors.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
 #include "Vendors.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
 #include "Rand.hpp"
 
+// 7 days
+#define VEHICLE_EXPIRY_DURATION 604800
+
 using namespace Vendors;
 
 std::map<int32_t, std::vector<VendorListing>> Vendors::VendorTables;
@@ -13,8 +21,25 @@ static void vendorBuy(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_VENDOR_ITEM_BUY_FAIL, failResp);
     failResp.iErrorCode = 0;
 
-    Items::Item* itemDat = Items::getItemData(req->Item.iID, req->Item.iType);
+    if (req->iVendorID != req->iNPC_ID || Vendors::VendorTables.find(req->iVendorID) == Vendors::VendorTables.end()) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Vendor with ID " << req->iVendorID << " mismatched or not found (buy)" << std::endl;
+        sock->sendPacket(failResp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_VENDOR_ITEM_BUY_FAIL);
+        return;
+    }
 
+    std::vector<VendorListing>* listings = &Vendors::VendorTables[req->iVendorID];
+    VendorListing reqItem;
+    reqItem.id = req->Item.iID;
+    reqItem.type = req->Item.iType;
+    reqItem.sort = 0; // just to be safe
+
+    if (std::find(listings->begin(), listings->end(), reqItem) == listings->end()) { // item not found in listing
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Player " << PlayerManager::getPlayerName(plr) << " tried to buy an item that wasn't on sale" << std::endl;
+        sock->sendPacket(failResp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_VENDOR_ITEM_BUY_FAIL);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    Items::Item* itemDat = Items::getItemData(req->Item.iID, req->Item.iType);
     if (itemDat == nullptr) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] Item id " << req->Item.iID << " with type " << req->Item.iType << " not found (buy)" << std::endl;
         sock->sendPacket(failResp, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_VENDOR_ITEM_BUY_FAIL);
@@ -36,8 +61,8 @@ static void vendorBuy(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     // if vehicle
     if (req->Item.iType == 10) {
-        // set time limit: current time + 7days
-        req->Item.iTimeLimit = getTimestamp() + 604800;
+        // set time limit: current time + expiry duration
+        req->Item.iTimeLimit = getTimestamp() + VEHICLE_EXPIRY_DURATION;
     }
 
     if (slot != req->iInvenSlotNum) {
@@ -202,17 +227,25 @@ static void vendorTable(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     if (req->iVendorID != req->iNPC_ID || Vendors::VendorTables.find(req->iVendorID) == Vendors::VendorTables.end())
         return;
 
-    std::vector<VendorListing> listings = Vendors::VendorTables[req->iVendorID];
+    std::vector<VendorListing>& listings = Vendors::VendorTables[req->iVendorID];
 
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_VENDOR_TABLE_UPDATE_SUCC, resp);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < (int)listings.size() && i < 20; i++) { // 20 is the max
-        sItemBase base;
-        base.iID = listings[i].iID;
-        base.iOpt = 0;
-        base.iTimeLimit = 0;
+        sItemBase base = {};
+        base.iID = listings[i].id;
         base.iType = listings[i].type;
 
+        /*
+         * Set vehicle expiry value.
+         *
+         * Note: sItemBase.iTimeLimit in the context of vendor listings contains
+         * a duration, unlike in most other contexts where it contains the
+         * expiration timestamp.
+         */
+        if (listings[i].type == 10)
+            base.iTimeLimit = VEHICLE_EXPIRY_DURATION;
+
         sItemVendor vItem;
         vItem.item = base;
         vItem.iSortNum = listings[i].sort;

src/Vendors.hpp

@@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
 
 struct VendorListing {
-    int sort, type, iID;
+    int sort, type, id;
+
+    // when validating a listing, we don't really care about the sorting index
+    bool operator==(const VendorListing& other) const {
+        return type == other.type && id == other.id;
+    }
 };
 
 namespace Vendors {

src/core/CNProtocol.cpp

@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ int CNSocketEncryption::xorData(uint8_t* buffer, uint8_t* key, int size) {
 uint64_t CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey(uint64_t uTime, int32_t iv1, int32_t iv2) {
     uint64_t num = (uint64_t)(iv1 + 1);
     uint64_t num2 = (uint64_t)(iv2 + 1);
-    uint64_t dEKey = (uint64_t)(*(uint64_t*)&defaultKey[0]);
+    uint64_t dEKey;
+    memcpy(&dEKey, defaultKey, sizeof(dEKey));
     return dEKey * (uTime * num * num2);
 }
 
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ CNPacketData::CNPacketData(void *b, uint32_t t, int l, int trnum, void *trs):
 // ========================================================[[ CNSocket ]]========================================================
 
 CNSocket::CNSocket(SOCKET s, struct sockaddr_in &addr, PacketHandler ph): sock(s), sockaddr(addr), pHandler(ph) {
-    EKey = (uint64_t)(*(uint64_t*)&CNSocketEncryption::defaultKey[0]);
+    memcpy(&EKey, CNSocketEncryption::defaultKey, sizeof(EKey));
 }
 
 bool CNSocket::sendData(uint8_t* data, int size) {
@@ -109,7 +110,11 @@ bool CNSocket::isAlive() {
 }
 
 void CNSocket::kill() {
+    if (!alive)
+        return;
+
     alive = false;
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
     shutdown(sock, SD_BOTH);
     closesocket(sock);
@@ -241,9 +246,10 @@ void CNSocket::step() {
     if (readSize <= 0) {
         // we aren't reading a packet yet, try to start looking for one
         int recved = recv(sock, (buffer_t*)readBuffer, sizeof(int32_t), 0);
-        if (recved == 0) {
-            // the socket was closed normally
+        if (recved >= 0 && recved < sizeof(int32_t)) {
+            // too little data for readSize or the socket was closed normally (when 0 bytes were read)
             kill();
+            return;
         } else if (!SOCKETERROR(recved)) {
             // we got our packet size!!!!
             readSize = *((int32_t*)readBuffer);
@@ -264,11 +270,12 @@ void CNSocket::step() {
     }
 
     if (readSize > 0 && readBufferIndex < readSize) {
-        // read until the end of the packet! (or at least try too)
+        // read until the end of the packet (or at least try to)
         int recved = recv(sock, (buffer_t*)(readBuffer + readBufferIndex), readSize - readBufferIndex, 0);
         if (recved == 0) {
             // the socket was closed normally
             kill();
+            return;
         } else if (!SOCKETERROR(recved))
             readBufferIndex += recved;
         else if (OF_ERRNO != OF_EWOULD) {
@@ -411,9 +418,9 @@ void CNServer::addPollFD(SOCKET s) {
     fds.push_back({s, POLLIN});
 }
 
-void CNServer::removePollFD(int i) {
+void CNServer::removePollFD(int fd) {
     auto it = fds.begin();
-    while (it != fds.end() && it->fd != fds[i].fd)
+    while (it != fds.end() && it->fd != fd)
         it++;
     assert(it != fds.end());
 
@@ -458,7 +465,7 @@ void CNServer::start() {
                 if (!setSockNonblocking(sock, newConnectionSocket))
                     continue;
 
-                std::cout << "New connection! " << inet_ntoa(address.sin_addr) << std::endl;
+                std::cout << "New " << serverType << " connection! " << inet_ntoa(address.sin_addr) << std::endl;
 
                 addPollFD(newConnectionSocket);
 
@@ -473,10 +480,15 @@ void CNServer::start() {
             } else {
                 std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(activeCrit); // protect operations on connections
 
+                // halt packet handling if server is shutting down
+                if (!active)
+                    return;
+
                 // player sockets
                 if (connections.find(fds[i].fd) == connections.end()) {
-                    std::cout << "[WARN] Event on non-existant socket?" << std::endl;
-                    continue; // just to be safe
+                    std::cout << "[FATAL] Event on non-existent socket: " << fds[i].fd << std::endl;
+                    assert(0);
+                    /* not reached */
                 }
 
                 CNSocket* cSock = connections[fds[i].fd];
@@ -485,22 +497,29 @@ void CNServer::start() {
                 if (fds[i].revents & ~POLLIN)
                     cSock->kill();
 
-                if (cSock->isAlive()) {
+                if (cSock->isAlive())
                     cSock->step();
-                } else {
-                    killConnection(cSock);
-                    connections.erase(fds[i].fd);
-                    delete cSock;
-
-                    removePollFD(i);
-
-                    // a new entry was moved to this position, so we check it again
-                    i--;
-                }
             }
         }
 
         onStep();
+
+        // clean up dead connection sockets
+        auto it = connections.begin();
+        while (it != connections.end()) {
+            CNSocket *cSock = it->second;
+
+            if (!cSock->isAlive()) {
+                killConnection(cSock);
+                it = connections.erase(it);
+
+                removePollFD(cSock->sock);
+
+                delete cSock;
+            } else {
+                it++;
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 

src/core/CNProtocol.hpp

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ inline constexpr bool isOutboundPacketID(uint32_t id) {
 
 // overflow-safe validation of variable-length packets
 // for outbound packets
-inline constexpr bool validOutVarPacket(size_t base, int32_t npayloads, size_t plsize) {
+inline constexpr bool validOutVarPacket(size_t base, size_t npayloads, size_t plsize) {
     // check for multiplication overflow
     if (npayloads > 0 && (CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE - 8) / (size_t)npayloads < plsize)
         return false;
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ inline constexpr bool validOutVarPacket(size_t base, int32_t npayloads, size_t p
 }
 
 // for inbound packets
-inline constexpr bool validInVarPacket(size_t base, int32_t npayloads, size_t plsize, size_t datasize) {
+inline constexpr bool validInVarPacket(size_t base, size_t npayloads, size_t plsize, size_t datasize) {
     // check for multiplication overflow
     if (npayloads > 0 && (CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE - 8) / (size_t)npayloads < plsize)
         return false;
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@ protected:
     const size_t STARTFDSCOUNT = 8; // number of initial PollFD slots
     std::vector<PollFD> fds;
 
+    std::string serverType = "invalid";
     SOCKET sock;
     uint16_t port;
     socklen_t addressSize;

src/core/CNShared.cpp

@@ -1,27 +1,45 @@
 #include "core/CNShared.hpp"
 
-#if defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(_GLIBCXX_HAS_GTHREADS)
-    #include "mingw/mingw.mutex.h"
-#else
-    #include <mutex>
-#endif
-std::map<int64_t, Player> CNSharedData::players;
-std::mutex playerCrit;
+static std::unordered_map<int64_t, LoginMetadata*> logins;
+static std::mutex mtx;
 
-void CNSharedData::setPlayer(int64_t sk, Player& plr) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(playerCrit); // the lock will be removed when the function ends
+void CNShared::storeLoginMetadata(int64_t sk, LoginMetadata *lm) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
 
-    players[sk] = plr;
+    // take ownership of connection data
+    logins[sk] = lm;
 }
 
-Player CNSharedData::getPlayer(int64_t sk) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(playerCrit); // the lock will be removed when the function ends
+LoginMetadata* CNShared::getLoginMetadata(int64_t sk) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
 
-    return players[sk];
+    // fail if the key isn't found
+    if (logins.find(sk) == logins.end())
+        return nullptr;
+
+    // transfer ownership of connection data to shard
+    LoginMetadata *lm = logins[sk];
+    logins.erase(sk);
+
+    return lm;
 }
 
-void CNSharedData::erasePlayer(int64_t sk) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(playerCrit); // the lock will be removed when the function ends
+void CNShared::pruneLoginMetadata(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
 
-    players.erase(sk);
+    auto it = logins.begin();
+    while (it != logins.end()) {
+        auto& sk = it->first;
+        auto& lm = it->second;
+
+        if (currTime > lm->timestamp + CNSHARED_TIMEOUT) {
+            std::cout << "[WARN] Pruning hung connection attempt" << std::endl;
+
+            // deallocate object and remove map entry
+            delete logins[sk];
+            it = logins.erase(it); // skip the invalidated iterator
+        } else {
+            it++;
+        }
+    }
 }

src/core/CNShared.hpp

@@ -10,11 +10,20 @@
 
 #include "Player.hpp"
 
-namespace CNSharedData {
-    // serialkey corresponds to player data
-    extern std::map<int64_t, Player> players;
+/*
+ * Connecions time out after 5 minutes, checked every 30 seconds.
+ */
+#define CNSHARED_TIMEOUT 300000
+#define CNSHARED_PERIOD 30000
 
-    void setPlayer(int64_t sk, Player& plr);
-    Player getPlayer(int64_t sk);
-    void erasePlayer(int64_t sk);
+struct LoginMetadata {
+    uint64_t FEKey;
+    int32_t playerId;
+    time_t timestamp;
+};
+
+namespace CNShared {
+    void storeLoginMetadata(int64_t sk, LoginMetadata *lm);
+    LoginMetadata* getLoginMetadata(int64_t sk);
+    void pruneLoginMetadata(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime);
 }

src/core/CNStructs.hpp

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <locale>
 #include <codecvt>
+#include <tuple>
 
 // yes this is ugly, but this is needed to zero out the memory so we don't have random stackdata in our structs.
 #define INITSTRUCT(T, x) T x; \
@@ -41,9 +42,6 @@
 #define ARRLEN(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(*x))
 #define AUTOU16TOU8(x) U16toU8(x, ARRLEN(x)) 
 
-// typedef for chunk position tuple
-typedef std::tuple<int, int, uint64_t> ChunkPos;
-
 // TODO: rewrite U16toU8 & U8toU16 to not use codecvt
 
 std::string U16toU8(char16_t* src, size_t max);

src/core/Defines.hpp

@@ -10,63 +10,44 @@ const float CN_EP_RANK_4 = 0.3f;
 const float CN_EP_RANK_5 = 0.29f;
 
 // methods of finding players for GM commands
-enum eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy {
-	eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_ID, // player id
-	eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_Name, // firstname, lastname
-	eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_UID // account id
+enum class eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy {
+    PC_ID, // player id
+    PC_Name, // firstname, lastname
+    PC_UID // account id
 };
 
-enum eCN_GM_TeleportType {
-	eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__XYZ,
-	eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__MapXYZ,
-	eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__MyLocation,
-	eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__SomeoneLocation,
-	eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__Unstick
+enum class eCN_GM_TeleportType {
+    XYZ,
+    MapXYZ,
+    MyLocation,
+    SomeoneLocation,
+    Unstick
 };
 
-// nano powers
+enum class eTaskTypeProperty {
+    None = -1,
+    Talk = 1,
+    GotoLocation = 2,
+    UseItems = 3,
+    Delivery = 4,
+    Defeat = 5,
+    EscortDefence = 6,
+    Max = 7
+};
+
+enum class ePCRegenType {
+    None,
+    Xcom,
+    Here,
+    HereByPhoenix,
+    HereByPhoenixGroup,
+    Unstick,
+    HereByPhoenixItem,
+    End
+};
+
+// nano power flags
 enum {
-    EST_NONE = 0,
-    EST_DAMAGE = 1,
-    EST_HEAL_HP = 2,
-    EST_KNOCKDOWN = 3,
-    EST_SLEEP = 4,
-    EST_SNARE = 5,
-    EST_HEAL_STAMINA = 6,
-    EST_STAMINA_SELF = 7,
-    EST_STUN = 8,
-    EST_WEAPONSLOW = 9,
-    EST_JUMP = 10,
-    EST_RUN = 11,
-    EST_STEALTH = 12,
-    EST_SWIM = 13,
-    EST_MINIMAPENEMY = 14,
-    EST_MINIMAPTRESURE = 15,
-    EST_PHOENIX = 16,
-    EST_PROTECTBATTERY = 17,
-    EST_PROTECTINFECTION = 18,
-    EST_REWARDBLOB = 19,
-    EST_REWARDCASH = 20,
-    EST_BATTERYDRAIN = 21,
-    EST_CORRUPTIONATTACK = 22,
-    EST_INFECTIONDAMAGE = 23,
-    EST_KNOCKBACK = 24,
-    EST_FREEDOM = 25,
-    EST_PHOENIX_GROUP = 26,
-    EST_RECALL = 27,
-    EST_RECALL_GROUP = 28,
-    EST_RETROROCKET_SELF = 29,
-    EST_BLOODSUCKING = 30,
-    EST_BOUNDINGBALL = 31,
-    EST_INVULNERABLE = 32,
-    EST_NANOSTIMPAK = 33,
-    EST_RETURNHOMEHEAL = 34,
-    EST_BUFFHEAL = 35,
-    EST_EXTRABANK = 36,
-    EST__END = 37,
-    EST_CORRUPTIONATTACKWIN = 38,
-    EST_CORRUPTIONATTACKLOSE = 39,
-
     ECSB_NONE = 0,
     ECSB_UP_MOVE_SPEED = 1,
     ECSB_UP_SWIM_SPEED = 2,
@@ -96,6 +77,27 @@ enum {
     ECSTB__END = 26,
 };
 
+enum {
+	ETBU_NONE = 0,
+	ETBU_ADD = 1,
+	ETBU_DEL = 2,
+	ETBU_CHANGE = 3,
+    ETBU__END = 4,
+};
+
+enum  {
+	ETBT_NONE = 0,
+	ETBT_NANO = 1,
+	ETBT_GROUPNANO = 2,
+	ETBT_SHINY = 3,
+	ETBT_LANDEFFECT = 4,
+	ETBT_ITEM = 5,
+	ETBT_CASHITEM = 6,
+	ETBT__END = 7,
+	ETBT_SKILL = 1,
+	ETBT_GROUPSKILL = 2
+};
+
 enum {
     SUCC = 1,
     FAIL = 0,
@@ -925,10 +927,10 @@ enum {
  * Each is the last packet - the upper bits + 1
  */
 enum {
-   N_CL2LS = 0xf,
-   N_CL2FE = 0xa5,
-   N_FE2CL = 0x12f,
-   N_LS2CL = 0x1a,
+    N_CL2LS = 0xf,
+    N_CL2FE = 0xa5,
+    N_FE2CL = 0x12f,
+    N_LS2CL = 0x1a,
 
-   N_PACKETS = N_CL2LS + N_CL2FE + N_FE2CL + N_LS2CL
+    N_PACKETS = N_CL2LS + N_CL2FE + N_FE2CL + N_LS2CL
 };

src/core/Packets.hpp

@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ struct PacketDesc {
  * really should.
  */
 struct sGM_PVPTarget {
-    uint32_t eCT;
     uint32_t iID;
+    uint32_t eCT;
 };
 
 struct sSkillResult_Leech {

src/db/Database.hpp

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
-#define DATABASE_VERSION 3
+#define DATABASE_VERSION 4
 
 namespace Database {
 
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ namespace Database {
         uint64_t Timestamp;
     };
     
+    void init();
     void open();
     void close();
 
@@ -52,7 +53,8 @@ namespace Database {
     bool banPlayer(int playerId, std::string& reason);
     bool unbanPlayer(int playerId);
 
-    void updateSelected(int accountId, int playerId);
+    void updateSelected(int accountId, int slot);
+    void updateSelectedByPlayerId(int accountId, int playerId);
     
     bool validateCharacter(int characterID, int userID);
     bool isNameFree(std::string firstName, std::string lastName);
@@ -78,7 +80,9 @@ namespace Database {
 
     // getting players
     void getPlayer(Player* plr, int id);
+    bool _updatePlayer(Player *player);
     void updatePlayer(Player *player);
+    void commitTrade(Player *plr1, Player *plr2);
     
     // buddies
     int getNumBuddies(Player* player);
@@ -98,7 +102,7 @@ namespace Database {
     void deleteEmailAttachments(int playerID, int index, int slot);
     void deleteEmails(int playerID, int64_t* indices);
     int getNextEmailIndex(int playerID);
-    bool sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments);
+    bool sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments, Player *sender);
 
     // racing
     RaceRanking getTopRaceRanking(int epID, int playerID);

src/db/email.cpp

@@ -152,7 +152,8 @@ void Database::updateEmailContent(EmailData* data) {
     sqlite3_step(stmt);
     int attachmentsCount = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 0);
 
-    data->ItemFlag = (data->Taros > 0 || attachmentsCount > 0) ? 1 : 0; // set attachment flag dynamically
+    // set attachment flag dynamically
+    data->ItemFlag = (data->Taros > 0 || attachmentsCount > 0) ? 1 : 0;
 
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
 
@@ -265,7 +266,7 @@ int Database::getNextEmailIndex(int playerID) {
     return (index > 0 ? index + 1 : 1);
 }
 
-bool Database::sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments) {
+bool Database::sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments, Player *sender) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
 
     sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
@@ -330,6 +331,13 @@ bool Database::sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments) {
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+
+    if (!_updatePlayer(sender)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        return false;
+    }
+
     sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
     return true;
 }

src/db/init.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,37 @@
 std::mutex dbCrit;
 sqlite3 *db;
 
+/*
+ * When migrating from DB version 3 to 4, we change the username column
+ * to be case-insensitive. This function ensures there aren't any
+ * duplicates, e.g. username and USERNAME, before doing the migration.
+ * I handled this in the code itself rather than the migration file just so
+ * we can have a more detailed error message than what SQLite provides.
+ */
+static void checkCaseSensitiveDupes() {
+    const char* sql = "SELECT Login, COUNT(*) FROM Accounts GROUP BY LOWER(Login) HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;";
+
+    sqlite3_stmt* stmt;
+    sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &stmt, NULL);
+    int stat = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+
+    if (stat == SQLITE_DONE) {
+        // no rows returned, so we're good
+        sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+        return;
+    } else if (stat != SQLITE_ROW) {
+        std::cout << "[FATAL] Failed to check for duplicate accounts: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "[FATAL] Case-sensitive duplicates detected in the Login column." << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Either manually delete/rename the offending accounts, or run the pruning script:" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/scripts/tree/main/db_migration/caseinsens.py" << std::endl;
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
 static void createMetaTable() {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit); // XXX
 
@@ -68,7 +99,7 @@ static void checkMetaTable() {
     sqlite3_stmt* stmt;
     sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &stmt, NULL);
     if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_ROW) {
-        std::cout << "[FATAL] Failed to check meta table" << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        std::cout << "[FATAL] Failed to check meta table: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
         sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
         exit(1);
     }
@@ -143,6 +174,10 @@ static void checkMetaTable() {
     }
 
     while (dbVersion != DATABASE_VERSION) {
+        // need to run this before we do any migration logic
+        if (dbVersion == 3)
+            checkCaseSensitiveDupes();
+
         // db migrations
         std::cout << "[INFO] Migrating Database to Version " << dbVersion + 1 << std::endl;
 
@@ -201,7 +236,20 @@ static int getTableSize(std::string tableName) {
     return result;
 }
 
+void Database::init() {
+    std::cout << "[INFO] Built with libsqlite " SQLITE_VERSION << std::endl;
+
+    if (sqlite3_libversion_number() != SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER)
+        std::cout << "[INFO] Using libsqlite " << std::string(sqlite3_libversion()) << std::endl;
+
+    if (sqlite3_libversion_number() < MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE_NUMBER) {
+        std::cerr << "[FATAL] Runtime sqlite version too old. Minimum compatible version: " MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE << std::endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
 void Database::open() {
+
     // XXX: move locks here
     int rc = sqlite3_open(settings::DBPATH.c_str(), &db);
     if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {

src/db/internal.hpp

@@ -3,10 +3,13 @@
 #include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include <sqlite3.h>
 
-#if defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(_GLIBCXX_HAS_GTHREADS)
-    #include "mingw/mingw.mutex.h"
-#else
-    #include <mutex>
+#define MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE_NUMBER 3033000
+#define MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE "3.33.0"
+// we can't use this in #error, since it doesn't expand macros
+
+// Compile-time libsqlite version check
+#if SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER < MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE_NUMBER
+#error libsqlite version too old. Minimum compatible version: 3.33.0
 #endif
 
 extern std::mutex dbCrit;

src/db/login.cpp

@@ -79,6 +79,29 @@ void Database::updateSelected(int accountId, int slot) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] Database fail on updateSelected(): " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
 }
 
+void Database::updateSelectedByPlayerId(int accountId, int32_t playerId) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
+
+    const char* sql = R"(
+        UPDATE Accounts SET
+            Selected = p.Slot,
+            LastLogin = (strftime('%s', 'now'))
+        FROM (SELECT Slot From Players WHERE PlayerId = ?) AS p
+        WHERE AccountID = ?;
+        )";
+
+    sqlite3_stmt* stmt;
+
+    sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &stmt, NULL);
+    sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 1, playerId);
+    sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 2, accountId);
+    int rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+
+    if (rc != SQLITE_DONE)
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database fail on updateSelectedByPlayerId(): " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+}
+
 bool Database::validateCharacter(int characterID, int userID) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
 

src/db/player.cpp

@@ -285,11 +285,13 @@ void Database::getPlayer(Player* plr, int id) {
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
 }
 
-void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
-
-    sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
-
+/*
+ * Low-level function to save a player to DB.
+ * Must be run in a SQL transaction and with dbCrit locked.
+ * The caller manages the transacstion, so if this function returns false,
+ * the caller must roll it back.
+ */
+bool Database::_updatePlayer(Player *player) {
     const char* sql = R"(
         UPDATE Players
         SET
@@ -336,10 +338,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
     sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 21, player->iID);
 
     if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
         sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
-        return;
+        return false;
     }
 
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
@@ -375,10 +375,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
 
         if (rc != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -395,10 +393,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 6, player->Inven[i].iTimeLimit);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -415,10 +411,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 6, player->Bank[i].iTimeLimit);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -451,10 +445,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 4, player->QInven[i].iID);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -487,10 +479,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 4, player->Nanos[i].iStamina);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -524,14 +514,47 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 5, player->RemainingNPCCount[i][2]);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
 
-    sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
+
+    sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+
+    if (!_updatePlayer(player)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+void Database::commitTrade(Player *plr1, Player *plr2) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
+
+    sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+
+    if (!_updatePlayer(plr1)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!_updatePlayer(plr2)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
 }

src/main.cpp

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "Rand.hpp"
 
 #include "settings.hpp"
+#include "sandbox/Sandbox.hpp"
 
 #include "../version.h"
 
@@ -62,8 +63,20 @@ void terminate(int arg) {
     exit(0);
 }
 
-#ifndef _WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
+static BOOL winTerminate(DWORD arg) {
+    terminate(0);
+    return FALSE;
+}
+#endif
+
 void initsignals() {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    if (!SetConsoleCtrlHandler(winTerminate, TRUE)) {
+        std::cerr << "[FATAL] Failed to set control handler" << std::endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+#else
     struct sigaction act;
 
     memset((void*)&act, 0, sizeof(act));
@@ -81,25 +94,29 @@ void initsignals() {
         perror("sigaction");
         exit(1);
     }
-}
 #endif
+}
 
 int main() {
+    std::cout << "[INFO] OpenFusion v" GIT_VERSION << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "[INFO] Protocol version: " << PROTOCOL_VERSION << std::endl;
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
     WSADATA wsaData;
     if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1, 1), &wsaData) != 0) {
         std::cerr << "OpenFusion: WSAStartup failed" << std::endl;
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
-#else
-    initsignals();
 #endif
-    Rand::init(getTime());
+
+    initsignals();
     settings::init();
-    std::cout << "[INFO] OpenFusion v" GIT_VERSION << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "[INFO] Protocol version: " << PROTOCOL_VERSION << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "[INFO] Intializing Packet Managers..." << std::endl;
+    Database::init();
+    Rand::init(getTime());
     TableData::init();
+
+    std::cout << "[INFO] Intializing Packet Managers..." << std::endl;
+
     PlayerManager::init();
     PlayerMovement::init();
     BuiltinCommands::init();
@@ -118,9 +135,10 @@ int main() {
     Email::init();
     Groups::init();
     Racing::init();
-    Database::open();
     Trading::init();
 
+    Database::open();
+
     switch (settings::EVENTMODE) {
     case 0: break; // no event
     case 1: std::cout << "[INFO] Event active. Hey, Hey It's Knishmas!" << std::endl; break;
@@ -138,6 +156,8 @@ int main() {
 
     shardThread = new std::thread(startShard, (CNShardServer*)shardServer);
 
+    sandbox_start();
+
     loginServer.start();
 
     shardServer->kill();
@@ -152,10 +172,15 @@ int main() {
 // helper functions
 
 std::string U16toU8(char16_t* src, size_t max) {
-    src[max-1] = '\0'; // force a NULL terminatorstd::string U16toU8(char16_t* src) {
+    src[max-1] = '\0'; // force a NULL terminator
     try {
         std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8_utf16<char16_t>,char16_t> convert;
-        return convert.to_bytes(src);
+        std::string ret = convert.to_bytes(src);
+
+        if (ret.size() >= max)
+            ret.resize(max-2);
+
+        return ret;
     } catch(const std::exception& e) {
         return "";
     }
@@ -179,7 +204,7 @@ size_t U8toU16(std::string src, char16_t* des, size_t max) {
 time_t getTime() {
     using namespace std::chrono;
 
-    milliseconds value = duration_cast<milliseconds>((time_point_cast<milliseconds>(high_resolution_clock::now())).time_since_epoch());
+    milliseconds value = duration_cast<milliseconds>((time_point_cast<milliseconds>(steady_clock::now())).time_since_epoch());
 
     return (time_t)value.count();
 }

src/sandbox/Sandbox.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// use the sandbox on supported platforms, unless disabled
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__OpenBSD__)
+
+# if !defined(CONFIG_NOSANDBOX)
+void sandbox_start();
+# else
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+inline void sandbox_start() {
+    std::cout << "[WARN] Built without a sandbox" << std::endl;
+}
+
+# endif // CONFIG_NOSANDBOX
+
+#else
+// stub for unsupported platforms
+inline void sandbox_start() {}
+#endif

src/sandbox/openbsd.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#if defined(__OpenBSD__) && !defined(CONFIG_NOSANDBOX)
+
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "settings.hpp"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <err.h>
+
+static void eunveil(const char *path, const char *permissions) {
+    if (unveil(path, permissions) < 0)
+        err(1, "unveil");
+}
+
+void sandbox_start() {
+    /*
+     * There shouldn't ever be a reason to disable this one, but might as well
+     * be consistent with the Linux sandbox.
+     */
+    if (!settings::SANDBOX) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Running without a sandbox" << std::endl;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "[INFO] Starting pledge+unveil sandbox..." << std::endl;
+
+    if (pledge("stdio rpath wpath cpath inet flock unveil", NULL) < 0)
+        err(1, "pledge");
+
+    // database stuff
+    eunveil(settings::DBPATH.c_str(), "rwc");
+    eunveil((settings::DBPATH + "-journal").c_str(), "rwc");
+    eunveil((settings::DBPATH + "-wal").c_str(), "rwc");
+
+    // tabledata stuff
+    eunveil((settings::TDATADIR + "/" + settings::GRUNTWORKJSON).c_str(), "wc");
+
+    // for bcrypt_gensalt()
+    eunveil("/dev/urandom", "r");
+
+    eunveil(NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+#endif

src/sandbox/seccomp.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+#if defined(__linux__) && !defined(CONFIG_NOSANDBOX)
+
+#include "core/Core.hpp" // mostly for ARRLEN
+#include "settings.hpp"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <sys/ptrace.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h> // for mmap() args
+#include <sys/ioctl.h> // for ioctl() args
+#include <termios.h> // for ioctl() args
+
+#include <linux/unistd.h>
+#include <linux/seccomp.h>
+#include <linux/filter.h>
+#include <linux/audit.h>
+#include <linux/net.h> // for socketcall() args
+
+/*
+ * Macros adapted from https://outflux.net/teach-seccomp/
+ * Relevant license:
+ *     https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/master:LICENSE
+ */
+#define syscall_nr (offsetof(struct seccomp_data, nr))
+#define arch_nr (offsetof(struct seccomp_data, arch))
+
+#if defined(__i386__)
+# define ARCH_NR AUDIT_ARCH_I386
+#elif defined(__x86_64__)
+# define ARCH_NR AUDIT_ARCH_X86_64
+#elif defined(__arm__)
+# define ARCH_NR AUDIT_ARCH_ARM
+#elif defined(__aarch64__)
+# define ARCH_NR AUDIT_ARCH_AARCH64
+#else
+# error "Seccomp-bpf sandbox unsupported on this architecture"
+#endif
+
+#define VALIDATE_ARCHITECTURE \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_LD+BPF_W+BPF_ABS, arch_nr), \
+    BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, ARCH_NR, 1, 0), \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_KILL_PROCESS)
+
+#define EXAMINE_SYSCALL \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_LD+BPF_W+BPF_ABS, syscall_nr)
+
+#define ALLOW_SYSCALL(name) \
+    BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, __NR_##name, 0, 1), \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_ALLOW)
+
+#define DENY_SYSCALL_ERRNO(name, _errno) \
+    BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_K+BPF_JEQ, __NR_##name, 0, 1), \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_ERRNO|(_errno))
+
+#define KILL_PROCESS \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_KILL_PROCESS)
+
+/*
+ * Macros adapted from openssh's sandbox-seccomp-filter.c
+ * Relevant license:
+ *     https://github.com/openssh/openssh-portable/blob/master/LICENCE
+ */
+#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+# define ARG_LO_OFFSET  0
+# define ARG_HI_OFFSET  sizeof(uint32_t)
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
+# define ARG_LO_OFFSET  sizeof(uint32_t)
+# define ARG_HI_OFFSET  0
+#else
+#error "Unknown endianness"
+#endif
+
+#define ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(_nr, _arg_nr, _arg_val) \
+    BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, (__NR_##_nr), 0, 6), \
+    /* load and test syscall argument, low word */ \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_LD+BPF_W+BPF_ABS, \
+        offsetof(struct seccomp_data, args[(_arg_nr)]) + ARG_LO_OFFSET), \
+    BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, \
+        ((_arg_val) & 0xFFFFFFFF), 0, 3), \
+    /* load and test syscall argument, high word */ \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_LD+BPF_W+BPF_ABS, \
+        offsetof(struct seccomp_data, args[(_arg_nr)]) + ARG_HI_OFFSET), \
+    BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, \
+        (((uint32_t)((uint64_t)(_arg_val) >> 32)) & 0xFFFFFFFF), 0, 1), \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_ALLOW), \
+    /* reload syscall number; all rules expect it in accumulator */ \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_LD+BPF_W+BPF_ABS, \
+        offsetof(struct seccomp_data, nr))
+
+/* Allow if syscall argument contains only values in mask */
+#define ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG_MASK(_nr, _arg_nr, _arg_mask) \
+    BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, (__NR_##_nr), 0, 8), \
+    /* load, mask and test syscall argument, low word */ \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_LD+BPF_W+BPF_ABS, \
+        offsetof(struct seccomp_data, args[(_arg_nr)]) + ARG_LO_OFFSET), \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_ALU+BPF_AND+BPF_K, ~((_arg_mask) & 0xFFFFFFFF)), \
+    BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, 0, 0, 4), \
+    /* load, mask and test syscall argument, high word */ \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_LD+BPF_W+BPF_ABS, \
+        offsetof(struct seccomp_data, args[(_arg_nr)]) + ARG_HI_OFFSET), \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_ALU+BPF_AND+BPF_K, \
+        ~(((uint32_t)((uint64_t)(_arg_mask) >> 32)) & 0xFFFFFFFF)), \
+    BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, 0, 0, 1), \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_ALLOW), \
+    /* reload syscall number; all rules expect it in accumulator */ \
+    BPF_STMT(BPF_LD+BPF_W+BPF_ABS, \
+        offsetof(struct seccomp_data, nr))
+
+/*
+ * This is a special case for AArch64 where this syscall apparently only
+ * exists in 32-bit compatibility mode, so we can't include the definition
+ * even though it gets called somewhere in libc.
+ */
+#if defined(__aarch64__) && !defined(__NR_fstatat64)
+#define __NR_fstatat64 0x4f
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * The main supported configuration is Linux on x86_64 with either glibc or
+ * musl-libc, with secondary support for x86, ARM and ARM64 (AAarch64) Linux.
+ *
+ * Syscalls marked with "maybe" don't seem to be used in the default
+ * configuration, but should probably be whitelisted anyway.
+ *
+ * Syscalls marked with comments like "musl-libc", "raspi" or "alt DB" were
+ * observed to be necessary on that particular configuration, but there are
+ * probably other configurations in which they are neccessary as well.
+ * ("alt DB" represents libsqlite compiled with different options.)
+ *
+ * Syscalls marked "vdso" aren't normally caught by seccomp because they are
+ * implemented in the vdso(7) in most configurations, but it's still prudent
+ * to whitelist them here.
+ */
+static sock_filter filter[] = {
+    VALIDATE_ARCHITECTURE,
+    EXAMINE_SYSCALL,
+
+    // memory management
+#ifdef __NR_mmap
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG_MASK(mmap, 2, PROT_NONE|PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE),
+#endif
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(munmap),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG_MASK(mprotect, 2, PROT_NONE|PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(madvise),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(brk),
+
+    // basic file IO
+#ifdef __NR_open
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(open),
+#endif
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(openat),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(read),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(write),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(close),
+#ifdef __NR_stat
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(stat),
+#endif
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(fstat),
+#ifdef __NR_newfstatat
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(newfstatat),
+#endif
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(fsync), // maybe
+#ifdef __NR_creat
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(creat), // maybe; for DB journal
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_unlink
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(unlink), // for DB journal
+#endif
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(lseek), // musl-libc; alt DB
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(truncate), // for truncate-mode DB
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(ftruncate), // for truncate-mode DB
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(dup), // for perror(), apparently
+
+    // more IO
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(pread64),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(pwrite64),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(fdatasync),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(writev), // musl-libc
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(preadv), // maybe; alt-DB
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(preadv2), // maybe
+
+    // misc syscalls called from libc
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(getcwd),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(getpid),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(geteuid),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(gettid), // maybe
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(ioctl, 1, TIOCGWINSZ), // musl-libc
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(fcntl, 1, F_GETFL),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(fcntl, 1, F_SETFL),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(fcntl, 1, F_GETLK),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(fcntl, 1, F_SETLK),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(fcntl, 1, F_SETLKW), // maybe
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(exit),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(exit_group),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(rt_sigprocmask), // musl-libc
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(clock_nanosleep), // gets called very rarely
+#ifdef __NR_rseq
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(rseq),
+#endif
+
+    // to crash properly on SIGSEGV
+    DENY_SYSCALL_ERRNO(tgkill, EPERM),
+    DENY_SYSCALL_ERRNO(tkill, EPERM), // musl-libc
+    DENY_SYSCALL_ERRNO(rt_sigaction, EPERM),
+
+    // threading
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(futex),
+
+    // networking
+#ifdef __NR_poll
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(poll),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_accept
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(accept),
+#endif
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(setsockopt),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(sendto),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(recvfrom),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(shutdown),
+
+    // vdso
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(clock_gettime),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(gettimeofday),
+#ifdef __NR_time
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(time),
+#endif
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(rt_sigreturn),
+
+    // i386
+#ifdef __NR_socketcall
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(socketcall, 0, SYS_ACCEPT),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(socketcall, 0, SYS_SETSOCKOPT),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(socketcall, 0, SYS_SEND),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(socketcall, 0, SYS_RECV),
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(socketcall, 0, SYS_SENDTO), // maybe
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(socketcall, 0, SYS_RECVFROM), // maybe
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG(socketcall, 0, SYS_SHUTDOWN),
+#endif
+
+    // Raspberry Pi (ARM)
+#ifdef __NR_set_robust_list
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(set_robust_list),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_clock_gettime64
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(clock_gettime64),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_mmap2
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL_ARG_MASK(mmap2, 2, PROT_NONE|PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_fcntl64
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(fcntl64),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_stat64
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(stat64),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_send
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(send),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_recv
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(recv),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_fstat64
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(fstat64),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_geteuid32
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(geteuid32),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_truncate64
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(truncate64),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_ftruncate64
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(ftruncate64),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_sigreturn
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(sigreturn), // vdso
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_clock_nanosleep_time64
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(clock_nanosleep_time64), // maybe
+#endif
+
+    // AArch64 (ARM64)
+#ifdef __NR_unlinkat
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(unlinkat),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_fstatat64
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(fstatat64),
+#endif
+#ifdef __NR_ppoll
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(ppoll),
+#endif
+
+    KILL_PROCESS
+};
+
+static sock_fprog prog = {
+    ARRLEN(filter), filter
+};
+
+// our own wrapper for the seccomp() syscall
+int seccomp(unsigned int operation, unsigned int flags, void *args) {
+    return syscall(__NR_seccomp, operation, flags, args);
+}
+
+void sandbox_start() {
+    if (!settings::SANDBOX) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Running without a sandbox" << std::endl;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "[INFO] Starting seccomp-bpf sandbox..." << std::endl;
+
+    if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0) {
+        perror("prctl");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if (seccomp(SECCOMP_SET_MODE_FILTER, SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_TSYNC, &prog) < 0) {
+        perror("seccomp");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
+#endif

src/servers/CNLoginServer.cpp

@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
 #include "servers/CNLoginServer.hpp"
+
 #include "core/CNShared.hpp"
 #include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include <regex>
 #include "bcrypt/BCrypt.hpp"
 
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
 #include "settings.hpp"
 
+#include <regex>
+
 std::map<CNSocket*, CNLoginData> CNLoginServer::loginSessions;
 
 CNLoginServer::CNLoginServer(uint16_t p) {
+    serverType = "login";
     port = p;
     pHandler = &CNLoginServer::handlePacket;
     init();
@@ -19,6 +22,17 @@ CNLoginServer::CNLoginServer(uint16_t p) {
 void CNLoginServer::handlePacket(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     printPacket(data);
 
+    if (loginSessions.find(sock) == loginSessions.end() &&
+        data->type != P_CL2LS_REQ_LOGIN && data->type != P_CL2LS_REP_LIVE_CHECK) {
+
+        if (settings::VERBOSITY > 0) {
+            std::cerr << "OpenFusion: LOGIN PKT OUT-OF-SEQ. PacketType: " <<
+                Packets::p2str(data->type) << " (" << data->type << ")" << std::endl;
+        }
+
+        return;
+    }
+
     switch (data->type) {
         case P_CL2LS_REQ_LOGIN: {
             login(sock, data);
@@ -133,8 +147,12 @@ void CNLoginServer::login(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     Database::findAccount(&findUser, userLogin);
     
     // account was not found
-    if (findUser.AccountID == 0)
-        return newAccount(sock, userLogin, userPassword, login->iClientVerC);
+    if (findUser.AccountID == 0) {
+        if (settings::AUTOCREATEACCOUNTS)
+            return newAccount(sock, userLogin, userPassword, login->iClientVerC);
+
+        return loginFail(LoginError::ID_DOESNT_EXIST, userLogin, sock);
+    }
 
     if (!CNLoginServer::isPasswordCorrect(findUser.Password, userPassword))
         return loginFail(LoginError::ID_AND_PASSWORD_DO_NOT_MATCH, userLogin, sock);
@@ -193,9 +211,12 @@ void CNLoginServer::login(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     // send the resp in with original key
     sock->sendPacket(resp, P_LS2CL_REP_LOGIN_SUCC);
 
+    uint64_t defaultKey;
+    memcpy(&defaultKey, CNSocketEncryption::defaultKey, sizeof(defaultKey));
+
     // update keys
     sock->setEKey(CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey(resp.uiSvrTime, resp.iCharCount + 1, resp.iSlotNum + 1));
-    sock->setFEKey(CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey((uint64_t)(*(uint64_t*)&CNSocketEncryption::defaultKey[0]), login->iClientVerC, 1));
+    sock->setFEKey(CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey(defaultKey, login->iClientVerC, 1));
 
     DEBUGLOG(
         std::cout << "Login Server: Login success. Welcome " << userLogin << " [" << loginSessions[sock].userID << "]" << std::endl;
@@ -445,7 +466,7 @@ void CNLoginServer::characterSelect(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
      * the shard IP has been configured to an address the local machine can't
      * reach itself from.
      */
-    if (sock->sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr == htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK))
+    if (settings::LOCALHOSTWORKAROUND && sock->sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr == htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK))
         shard_ip = "127.0.0.1";
 
     memcpy(resp.g_FE_ServerIP, shard_ip, strlen(shard_ip));
@@ -453,21 +474,20 @@ void CNLoginServer::characterSelect(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp.g_FE_ServerIP[strlen(shard_ip)] = '\0';
     resp.g_FE_ServerPort = settings::SHARDPORT;
 
-    // pass player to CNSharedData
-    Player passPlayer = {};
-    Database::getPlayer(&passPlayer, selection->iPC_UID);
-    // this should never happen but for extra safety
-    if (passPlayer.iID == 0)
-        return invalidCharacter(sock);
+    LoginMetadata *lm = new LoginMetadata();
+    lm->FEKey = sock->getFEKey();
+    lm->timestamp = getTime();
+    lm->playerId = selection->iPC_UID;
 
-    passPlayer.FEKey = sock->getFEKey();
-    resp.iEnterSerialKey = passPlayer.iID;
-    CNSharedData::setPlayer(resp.iEnterSerialKey, passPlayer);
+    resp.iEnterSerialKey = Rand::cryptoRand();
+
+    // transfer ownership of connection data to CNShared
+    CNShared::storeLoginMetadata(resp.iEnterSerialKey, lm);
 
     sock->sendPacket(resp, P_LS2CL_REP_SHARD_SELECT_SUCC);
 
     // update current slot in DB
-    Database::updateSelected(loginSessions[sock].userID, passPlayer.slot);
+    Database::updateSelectedByPlayerId(loginSessions[sock].userID, selection->iPC_UID);
 }
 
 void CNLoginServer::finishTutorial(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {

src/servers/CNLoginServer.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
+
 #include "Player.hpp"
 
 #include <map>

src/servers/CNShardServer.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "core/CNShared.hpp"
 #include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include "servers/Monitor.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "MobAI.hpp"
-#include "core/CNShared.hpp"
 #include "settings.hpp"
 #include "TableData.hpp" // for flush()
 
@@ -16,6 +18,7 @@ std::map<uint32_t, PacketHandler> CNShardServer::ShardPackets;
 std::list<TimerEvent> CNShardServer::Timers;
 
 CNShardServer::CNShardServer(uint16_t p) {
+    serverType = "shard";
     port = p;
     pHandler = &CNShardServer::handlePacket;
     REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(keepAliveTimer, 4000);
@@ -29,11 +32,31 @@ CNShardServer::CNShardServer(uint16_t p) {
 void CNShardServer::handlePacket(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     printPacket(data);
 
-    if (ShardPackets.find(data->type) != ShardPackets.end())
-        ShardPackets[data->type](sock, data);
-    else if (settings::VERBOSITY > 0)
-        std::cerr << "OpenFusion: SHARD UNIMPLM ERR. PacketType: " << Packets::p2str(data->type) << " (" << data->type << ")" << std::endl;
+    // if it's a valid packet
+    if (ShardPackets.find(data->type) != ShardPackets.end()) {
 
+        // reject gameplay packets if not yet fully connected
+        if (PlayerManager::players.find(sock) == PlayerManager::players.end()
+            && data->type != P_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ENTER && data->type != P_CL2FE_REP_LIVE_CHECK) {
+
+            if (settings::VERBOSITY > 0) {
+                std::cerr << "OpenFusion: SHARD PKT OUT-OF-SEQ. PacketType: " <<
+                    Packets::p2str(data->type) << " (" << data->type << ")" << std::endl;
+            }
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // run the appropriate packet handler
+        ShardPackets[data->type](sock, data);
+    } else if (settings::VERBOSITY > 0) {
+        std::cerr << "OpenFusion: SHARD UNIMPLM ERR. PacketType: " << Packets::p2str(data->type) << " (" << data->type << ")" << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * We must re-check if the player is still connected in case
+     * they were dropped when handling the packet.
+     */
     if (PlayerManager::players.find(sock) != PlayerManager::players.end())
         PlayerManager::players[sock]->lastHeartbeat = getTime();
 }
@@ -79,14 +102,7 @@ void CNShardServer::_killConnection(CNSocket* cns) {
     if (PlayerManager::players.find(cns) == PlayerManager::players.end())
         return;
 
-    Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(cns);
-
-    int64_t key = plr->SerialKey;
-
     PlayerManager::removePlayer(cns); // removes the player from the list and saves it to DB
-
-    // remove from CNSharedData
-    CNSharedData::erasePlayer(key);
 }
 
 void CNShardServer::killConnection(CNSocket *cns) {
@@ -102,6 +118,10 @@ void CNShardServer::kill() {
 void CNShardServer::onStep() {
     time_t currTime = getTime();
 
+    // do not evaluate timers if the server is shutting down
+    if (!active)
+        return;
+
     for (TimerEvent& event : Timers) {
         if (event.scheduledEvent == 0) {
             // event hasn't been queued yet, go ahead and do that

src/servers/CNShardServer.hpp

@@ -3,9 +3,12 @@
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
 
 #include <map>
+#include <list>
 
 #define REGISTER_SHARD_PACKET(pactype, handlr) CNShardServer::ShardPackets[pactype] = handlr;
 #define REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(handlr, delta) CNShardServer::Timers.push_back(TimerEvent(handlr, delta));
+#define MS_PER_PLAYER_TICK 500
+#define MS_PER_COMBAT_TICK 200
 
 class CNShardServer : public CNServer {
 private:

src/servers/Monitor.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+#include "servers/Monitor.hpp"
+
 #include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Chat.hpp"
-#include "servers/Monitor.hpp"
+#include "Email.hpp"
 #include "settings.hpp"
 
 #include <cstdio>
@@ -38,9 +41,42 @@ static bool transmit(std::list<SOCKET>::iterator& it, char *buff, int len) {
     return true;
 }
 
+/*
+ * The longest protocol message is for an email.
+ *
+ * message type + two formatted character names + the other formatting chars
+ * + the email title + the email body = ~1154
+ *
+ * The body can grow to twice its usual size (512) in the pathological case
+ * where every character is a newline.
+ *
+ * Multi-byte Unicode characters aren't a factor, as they should've been
+ * stripped out by sanitizeText().
+ */
+#define BUFSIZE 2048
+
+static int process_email(char *buff, std::string email) {
+    strncpy(buff, "email ", 6);
+    int i = 6;
+
+    for (char c : email) {
+        if (i == BUFSIZE-2)
+            break;
+
+        buff[i++] = c;
+
+        // indent each line to prevent "endemail" spoofing
+        if (c == '\n')
+            buff[i++] = '\t';
+    }
+
+    buff[i++] = '\n';
+    return i;
+}
+
 static void tick(CNServer *serv, time_t delta) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(sockLock);
-    char buff[256];
+    char buff[BUFSIZE];
     int n;
 
     auto it = sockets.begin();
@@ -70,6 +106,17 @@ outer:
                 goto outer;
         }
 
+        // emails
+        for (auto& str : Email::dump) {
+            n = process_email(buff, str);
+
+            if (!transmit(it, buff, n))
+                goto outer;
+
+            if (!transmit(it, (char*)"endemail\n", 9))
+                goto outer;
+        }
+
         if (!transmit(it, (char*)"end\n", 4))
             continue;
 
@@ -77,6 +124,7 @@ outer:
     }
 
     Chat::dump.clear();
+    Email::dump.clear();
 }
 
 bool Monitor::acceptConnection(SOCKET fd, uint16_t revents) {

src/servers/Monitor.hpp

@@ -2,9 +2,6 @@
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
 
-#include <list>
-#include <mutex>
-
 namespace Monitor {
     SOCKET init();
     bool acceptConnection(SOCKET, uint16_t);

src/settings.cpp

@@ -1,22 +1,27 @@
-#include <iostream>
+
 #include "settings.hpp"
+
+#include "core/CNStructs.hpp" // so we get the ACADEMY definition
 #include "INIReader.hpp"
 
-// so we get the ACADEMY definition
-#include "core/CNStructs.hpp"
+#include <iostream>
 
 // defaults :)
 int settings::VERBOSITY = 1;
+bool settings::SANDBOX = true;
 
 int settings::LOGINPORT = 23000;
 bool settings::APPROVEALLNAMES = true;
+bool settings::AUTOCREATEACCOUNTS = true;
 int settings::DBSAVEINTERVAL = 240;
 
 int settings::SHARDPORT = 23001;
 std::string settings::SHARDSERVERIP = "127.0.0.1";
+bool settings::LOCALHOSTWORKAROUND = true;
 time_t settings::TIMEOUT = 60000;
 int settings::VIEWDISTANCE = 25600;
 bool settings::SIMULATEMOBS = true;
+bool settings::ANTICHEAT = true;
 
 // default spawn point
 #ifndef ACADEMY
@@ -74,12 +79,15 @@ void settings::init() {
         return;
     }
 
-    APPROVEALLNAMES = reader.GetBoolean("", "acceptallcustomnames", APPROVEALLNAMES);
     VERBOSITY = reader.GetInteger("", "verbosity", VERBOSITY);
+    SANDBOX = reader.GetBoolean("", "sandbox", SANDBOX);
     LOGINPORT = reader.GetInteger("login", "port", LOGINPORT);
-    SHARDPORT = reader.GetInteger("shard", "port", SHARDPORT);
+    APPROVEALLNAMES = reader.GetBoolean("login", "acceptallcustomnames", APPROVEALLNAMES);
+    AUTOCREATEACCOUNTS = reader.GetBoolean("login", "autocreateaccounts", AUTOCREATEACCOUNTS);
     DBSAVEINTERVAL = reader.GetInteger("login", "dbsaveinterval", DBSAVEINTERVAL);
-    SHARDSERVERIP = reader.Get("shard", "ip", "127.0.0.1");
+    SHARDPORT = reader.GetInteger("shard", "port", SHARDPORT);
+    SHARDSERVERIP = reader.Get("shard", "ip", SHARDSERVERIP);
+    LOCALHOSTWORKAROUND = reader.GetBoolean("shard", "localhostworkaround", LOCALHOSTWORKAROUND);
     TIMEOUT = reader.GetInteger("shard", "timeout", TIMEOUT);
     VIEWDISTANCE = reader.GetInteger("shard", "viewdistance", VIEWDISTANCE);
     SIMULATEMOBS = reader.GetBoolean("shard", "simulatemobs", SIMULATEMOBS);
@@ -102,6 +110,7 @@ void settings::init() {
     ACCLEVEL = reader.GetInteger("shard", "accountlevel", ACCLEVEL);
     EVENTMODE = reader.GetInteger("shard", "eventmode", EVENTMODE);
     DISABLEFIRSTUSEFLAG = reader.GetBoolean("shard", "disablefirstuseflag", DISABLEFIRSTUSEFLAG);
+    ANTICHEAT = reader.GetBoolean("shard", "anticheat", ANTICHEAT);
     MONITORENABLED = reader.GetBoolean("monitor", "enabled", MONITORENABLED);
     MONITORPORT = reader.GetInteger("monitor", "port", MONITORPORT);
     MONITORINTERVAL = reader.GetInteger("monitor", "interval", MONITORINTERVAL);

src/settings.hpp

@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <string>
+
 namespace settings {
     extern int VERBOSITY;
+    extern bool SANDBOX;
     extern int LOGINPORT;
     extern bool APPROVEALLNAMES;
+    extern bool AUTOCREATEACCOUNTS;
     extern int DBSAVEINTERVAL;
     extern int SHARDPORT;
     extern std::string SHARDSERVERIP;
+    extern bool LOCALHOSTWORKAROUND;
+    extern bool ANTICHEAT;
     extern time_t TIMEOUT;
     extern int VIEWDISTANCE;
     extern bool SIMULATEMOBS;

vendor/JSON.hpp

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 SOFTWARE.
 */
 
+#pragma once
+
 #ifndef INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_
 #define INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_
 

vendor/bcrypt/crypt_blowfish.c

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #ifdef __i386__
-#define BF_ASM				1
+#define BF_ASM				0
 #define BF_SCALE			1
 #elif defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__alpha__) || defined(__hppa__)
 #define BF_ASM				0