[WIP] Fix targeting for groups

TODO:
- recall (self and group) is broken
- revive (only group) is broken
- damage + debuff is unimplemented

.gitignore

@@ -16,3 +16,5 @@ build/
 version.h
 infer-out
 gmon.out
+*.bak
+

.vscode/launch.json

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+{
+    "version": "0.2.0",
+    "configurations": [
+        {
+            "name": "Debug (Linux)",
+            "type": "cppdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/fusion",
+            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Debug (Windows)",
+            "type": "cppvsdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/Debug/winfusion.exe",
+            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Release (Windows)",
+            "type": "cppvsdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/Release/winfusion.exe",
+            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
+        }
+    ]
+}

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ project(OpenFusion)
 
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
 
-execute_process(COMMAND git describe --tags OUTPUT_VARIABLE GIT_VERSION OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
+execute_process(COMMAND git describe --tags OUTPUT_VARIABLE GIT_VERSION OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+				WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR})
 
 # OpenFusion supports multiple packet/struct versions
 # 104 is the default version to build which can be changed
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ add_executable(openfusion ${SOURCES})
 set_target_properties(openfusion PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME ${BIN_NAME})
 
 # find sqlite3 and use it
-find_package(sqlite3 REQUIRED)
+find_package(SQLite3 REQUIRED)
 target_include_directories(openfusion PRIVATE ${SQLite3_INCLUDE_DIRS})
 target_link_libraries(openfusion PRIVATE ${SQLite3_LIBRARIES})
 
@@ -56,5 +57,5 @@ set_property(TARGET openfusion PROPERTY VS_DEBUGGER_WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_S
 # It's not something you should do, but it's there if you need it...
 if (NOT CMAKE_GENERATOR MATCHES "Visual Studio" AND NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC" AND NOT CMAKE_GENERATOR MATCHES "MinGW Makefiles")
 	find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
-	target_link_libraries(openfusion pthread)
+	target_link_libraries(openfusion PRIVATE pthread)
 endif()

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+FROM debian:latest
+
+WORKDIR /usr/src/app
+
+RUN apt-get -y update && apt-get install -y \
+git \
+clang \
+make \
+libsqlite3-dev
+
+COPY . ./
+
+RUN make -j8
+
+# tabledata should be copied from the host;
+# clone it there before building the container
+#RUN git submodule update --init --recursive
+
+CMD ["./bin/fusion"]
+
+LABEL Name=openfusion Version=0.0.1

LICENSE.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 MIT License
 
-Copyright (c) 2020-2022 OpenFusion Contributors
+Copyright (c) 2020-2023 OpenFusion Contributors
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal

Makefile

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ CXXSRC=\
 	src/db/email.cpp\
 	src/sandbox/seccomp.cpp\
 	src/sandbox/openbsd.cpp\
+	src/Buffs.cpp\
 	src/Chat.cpp\
 	src/CustomCommands.cpp\
 	src/Entities.cpp\
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ CXXHDR=\
 	vendor/JSON.hpp\
 	vendor/INIReader.hpp\
 	vendor/JSON.hpp\
+	src/Buffs.hpp\
 	src/Chat.hpp\
 	src/CustomCommands.hpp\
 	src/Entities.hpp\

README.md

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ OpenFusion is a reverse-engineered server for FusionFall. It primarily targets v
 4. To create an account, simply enter the details you wish to use at the login screen then click Log In. Do *not* click register, as this will just lead to a blank screen.
 5. Make a new character, and enjoy the game! Your progress will be saved automatically, and you can resume playing by entering the login details you used in step 4.
 
+Instructions for getting the client to run on Linux through Wine can be found [here](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/wiki/Running-the-game-client-on-Linux).
+
 ### Hosting a server
 
 1. Grab `OpenFusionServer-1.4-original.zip` or `OpenFusionServer-1.4-academy.zip` from [here](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/releases/tag/1.4).
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ OpenFusion is a reverse-engineered server for FusionFall. It primarily targets v
     3. Lastly Game Version - select `beta-20100104` if you downloaded the original zip, or `beta-20111013` if you downloaded the academy zip.
 5. Once you've added the server to the list, connect to it and log in. If you're having trouble with this, refer to steps 4 and 5 from the previous section.
 
-If you want, [compiled binaries (artifacts) for each functional commit can be found here.](http://cdn.dexlabs.systems/of-builds/)
+If you want to run the latest development builds of the server, [compiled binaries (artifacts) for each functional commit can be found here.](http://cdn.dexlabs.systems/of-builds/)
 
 For a more detailed overview of the game's architecture and how to configure it, read the following sections.
 
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ This just works if you're all under the same LAN, but if you want to play over t
 
 ## Compiling 
 
-OpenFusion has one external dependency: SQLite. You can install it on Windows using `vcpkg`, and on Unix/Linux using your distribution's package manager. For a more indepth guide on how to set up vcpkg, [read this guide on the wiki](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/wiki/Installing-SQLite-on-Windows-using-vcpkg).
+OpenFusion has one external dependency: SQLite. The oldest compatible version is `3.33.0`. You can install it on Windows using `vcpkg`, and on Unix/Linux using your distribution's package manager. For a more indepth guide on how to set up vcpkg, [read this guide on the wiki](https://github.com/OpenFusionProject/OpenFusion/wiki/Installing-SQLite-on-Windows-using-vcpkg).
 
 You have two choices for compiling OpenFusion: the included Makefile and the included CMakeLists file.
 

docker-compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+version: '3.4'
+
+services:
+  openfusion:
+    image: openfusion
+    build:
+      context: .
+      dockerfile: ./Dockerfile
+    ports:
+      - "23000:23000"
+      - "23001:23001"
+      - "8003:8003"

src/Abilities.hpp

@@ -1,64 +1,68 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "Combat.hpp"
 
-typedef void (*PowerHandler)(CNSocket*, std::vector<int>, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int32_t, int16_t);
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "Player.hpp"
 
-struct NanoPower {
+#include <map>
-    int16_t skillType;
+#include <vector>
-    int32_t bitFlag;
-    int16_t timeBuffID;
-    PowerHandler handler;
 
-    NanoPower(int16_t s, int32_t b, int16_t t, PowerHandler h) : skillType(s), bitFlag(b), timeBuffID(t), handler(h) {}
+constexpr size_t MAX_SKILLRESULT_SIZE = sizeof(sSkillResult_BatteryDrain);
 
-    void handle(CNSocket *sock, std::vector<int> targetData, int16_t nanoID, int16_t skillID, int16_t duration, int16_t amount) {
+enum class SkillEffectTarget {
-        if (handler == nullptr)
+    POINT = 1,
-            return;
+    SELF = 2,
-
+    CONE = 3,
-        handler(sock, targetData, nanoID, skillID, duration, amount, skillType, bitFlag, timeBuffID);
+    WEAPON = 4,
-    }
+    AREA_SELF = 5,
+    AREA_TARGET = 6
 };
 
-typedef void (*MobPowerHandler)(Mob*, std::vector<int>, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int16_t, int32_t, int16_t);
+enum class SkillTargetType {
+    MOBS = 1,
+    PLAYERS = 2,
+    GROUP = 3
+};
 
-struct MobPower {
+enum class SkillDrainType {
-    int16_t skillType;
+    ACTIVE = 1,
-    int32_t bitFlag;
+    PASSIVE = 2
-    int16_t timeBuffID;
+};
-    MobPowerHandler handler;
 
-    MobPower(int16_t s, int32_t b, int16_t t, MobPowerHandler h) : skillType(s), bitFlag(b), timeBuffID(t), handler(h) {}
+struct SkillResult {
-
+    size_t size;
-    void handle(Mob *mob, std::vector<int> targetData, int16_t skillID, int16_t duration, int16_t amount) {
+    uint8_t payload[MAX_SKILLRESULT_SIZE];
-        if (handler == nullptr)
+    SkillResult(size_t len, void* dat) {
-            return;
+        size = len;
-
+        memcpy(payload, dat, len);
-        handler(mob, targetData, skillID, duration, amount, skillType, bitFlag, timeBuffID);
+    }
+    SkillResult() {
+        size = 0;
     }
 };
 
 struct SkillData {
-    int skillType;
+    int skillType; // eST
-    int targetType;
+    SkillEffectTarget effectTarget;
-    int drainType;
+    int effectType; // always 1?
+    SkillTargetType targetType;
+    SkillDrainType drainType;
     int effectArea;
+
     int batteryUse[4];
     int durationTime[4];
-    int powerIntensity[4];
+
+    int valueTypes[3];
+    int values[3][4];
 };
 
-namespace Nanos {
+namespace Abilities {
-    extern std::vector<NanoPower> NanoPowers;
     extern std::map<int32_t, SkillData> SkillTable;
 
-    void nanoUnbuff(CNSocket* sock, std::vector<int> targetData, int32_t bitFlag, int16_t timeBuffID, int16_t amount, bool groupPower);
+    void useNanoSkill(CNSocket*, SkillData*, sNano&, std::vector<ICombatant*>);
-    int applyBuff(CNSocket* sock, int skillID, int eTBU, int eTBT, int32_t groupFlags);
+    void useNPCSkill(EntityRef, int skillID, std::vector<ICombatant*>);
 
-    std::vector<int> findTargets(Player* plr, int skillID, CNPacketData* data = nullptr);
+    std::vector<ICombatant*> matchTargets(ICombatant*, SkillData*, int, int32_t*);
-}
+    int getCSTBFromST(int eSkillType);
-
-namespace Combat {
-    extern std::vector<MobPower> MobPowers;
 }

src/Buddies.cpp

@@ -1,15 +1,10 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Buddies.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Buddies.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
 
-#include <iostream>
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include <chrono>
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include <algorithm>
+
-#include <thread>
+#include "Player.hpp"
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 
 using namespace Buddies;
 

src/Buddies.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "Player.hpp"
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
 
 namespace Buddies {

src/Buffs.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+#include "Buffs.hpp"
+
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+
+using namespace Buffs;
+
+void Buff::tick(time_t currTime) {
+    auto it = stacks.begin();
+    while(it != stacks.end()) {
+        BuffStack& stack = *it;
+        //if(onTick) onTick(self, this, currTime);
+
+        if(stack.durationTicks == 0) {
+            BuffStack deadStack = stack;
+            it = stacks.erase(it);
+            if(onUpdate) onUpdate(self, this, ETBU_DEL, &deadStack);
+        } else {
+            if(stack.durationTicks > 0) stack.durationTicks--;
+            it++;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Buff::combatTick(time_t currTime) {
+    if(onCombatTick) onCombatTick(self, this, currTime);
+}
+
+void Buff::clear() {
+    while(!stacks.empty()) {
+        BuffStack stack = stacks.back();
+        stacks.pop_back();
+        if(onUpdate) onUpdate(self, this, ETBU_DEL, &stack);
+    }
+}
+
+void Buff::clear(BuffClass buffClass) {
+    auto it = stacks.begin();
+    while(it != stacks.end()) {
+        BuffStack& stack = *it;
+        if(stack.buffStackClass == buffClass) {
+            BuffStack deadStack = stack;
+            it = stacks.erase(it);
+            if(onUpdate) onUpdate(self, this, ETBU_DEL, &deadStack);
+        } else it++;
+    }
+}
+
+void Buff::addStack(BuffStack* stack) {
+    stacks.push_back(*stack);
+    if(onUpdate) onUpdate(self, this, ETBU_ADD, &stacks.back());
+}
+
+bool Buff::hasClass(BuffClass buffClass) {
+    for(BuffStack& stack : stacks) {
+        if(stack.buffStackClass == buffClass)
+            return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+BuffClass Buff::maxClass() {
+    BuffClass buffClass = BuffClass::NONE;
+    for(BuffStack& stack : stacks) {
+        if(stack.buffStackClass > buffClass)
+            buffClass = stack.buffStackClass;
+    }
+    return buffClass;
+}
+
+int Buff::getValue(BuffValueSelector selector) {
+    if(isStale()) return 0;
+
+    int value = selector == BuffValueSelector::NET_TOTAL ? 0 : stacks.front().value;
+    for(BuffStack& stack : stacks) {
+        switch(selector)
+        {
+            case BuffValueSelector::NET_TOTAL:
+                value += stack.value;
+                break;
+            case BuffValueSelector::MIN_VALUE:
+                if(stack.value < value) value = stack.value;
+                break;
+            case BuffValueSelector::MAX_VALUE:
+                if(stack.value > value) value = stack.value;
+                break;
+            case BuffValueSelector::MIN_MAGNITUDE:
+                if(abs(stack.value) < abs(value)) value = stack.value;
+                break;
+            case BuffValueSelector::MAX_MAGNITUDE:
+            default:
+                if(abs(stack.value) > abs(value)) value = stack.value;
+        }
+    }
+    return value;
+}
+
+bool Buff::isStale() {
+    return stacks.empty();
+}
+
+/* This will practically never do anything important, but it's here just in case */
+void Buff::updateCallbacks(BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> fOnUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> fOnCombatTick) {
+    if(!onUpdate) onUpdate = fOnUpdate;
+    if(!onCombatTick) onCombatTick = fOnCombatTick;
+}
+
+#pragma region Handlers
+void Buffs::timeBuffUpdate(EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack) {
+
+    if(self.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER)
+        return; // not implemented
+    
+    Player* plr = (Player*)self.getEntity();
+    if(plr == nullptr)
+        return; // sanity check
+
+    if(status == ETBU_DEL && !buff->isStale())
+        return; // no premature effect deletion
+
+    int cbf = plr->getCompositeCondition();
+    sTimeBuff payload{};
+    if(status == ETBU_ADD) {
+        payload.iValue = buff->getValue(BuffValueSelector::MAX_MAGNITUDE);
+        // we need to explicitly add the ECSB for this buff,
+        // in case this is the first stack in and the entry
+        // in the buff map doesn't yet exist
+        if(buff->id > 0) cbf |= CSB_FROM_ECSB(buff->id);
+    }
+    
+    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, pkt);
+    pkt.eCSTB = buff->id; // eCharStatusTimeBuffID
+    pkt.eTBU = status; // eTimeBuffUpdate
+    pkt.eTBT = (int)stack->buffStackClass;
+    pkt.iConditionBitFlag = cbf;
+    pkt.TimeBuff = payload;
+    self.sock->sendPacket((void*)&pkt, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE));
+}
+
+void Buffs::timeBuffTimeout(EntityRef self) {
+    if(self.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER && self.kind != EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC && self.kind != EntityKind::MOB)
+        return; // not a combatant
+    Entity* entity = self.getEntity();
+    ICombatant* combatant = dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(entity);
+    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, pkt); // send a buff timeout to other players
+    pkt.eCT = combatant->getCharType();
+    pkt.iID = combatant->getID();
+    pkt.iConditionBitFlag = combatant->getCompositeCondition();
+    NPCManager::sendToViewable(entity, &pkt, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT));
+}
+#pragma endregion

src/Buffs.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+
+#include "EntityRef.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <functional>
+
+/* forward declaration(s) */
+class Buff;
+template<class... Types>
+using BuffCallback = std::function<void(EntityRef, Buff*, Types...)>;
+
+#define CSB_FROM_ECSB(x) (1 << (x - 1))
+
+enum class BuffClass {
+    NONE = ETBT_NONE,
+	NANO = ETBT_NANO,
+	GROUP_NANO = ETBT_GROUPNANO,
+	EGG = ETBT_SHINY,
+	ENVIRONMENT = ETBT_LANDEFFECT,
+	ITEM = ETBT_ITEM,
+	CASH_ITEM = ETBT_CASHITEM
+};
+
+enum class BuffValueSelector {
+    MAX_VALUE,
+    MIN_VALUE,
+    MAX_MAGNITUDE,
+    MIN_MAGNITUDE,
+    NET_TOTAL
+};
+
+struct BuffStack {
+    int durationTicks;
+    int value;
+    EntityRef source;
+    BuffClass buffStackClass;
+};
+
+class Buff {
+private:
+    EntityRef self;
+    std::vector<BuffStack> stacks;
+
+public:
+    int id;
+    /* called just after a stack is added or removed */
+    BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate;
+    /* called when the buff is combat-ticked */
+    BuffCallback<time_t> onCombatTick;
+
+    void tick(time_t);
+    void combatTick(time_t);
+    void clear();
+    void clear(BuffClass buffClass);
+    void addStack(BuffStack* stack);
+
+    /*
+    * Sometimes we need to determine if a buff
+    * is covered by a certain class, ex: nano
+    * vs. coco egg in the case of infection protection
+    */
+    bool hasClass(BuffClass buffClass);
+    BuffClass maxClass();
+
+    int getValue(BuffValueSelector selector);
+
+    /* 
+     * In general, a Buff object won't exist
+     * unless it has stacks. However, when
+     * popping stacks during iteration (onExpire),
+     * stacks will be empty for a brief moment
+     * when the last stack is popped.
+     */
+    bool isStale();
+
+    void updateCallbacks(BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> fOnUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> fonTick);
+
+    Buff(int iid, EntityRef pSelf, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> fOnUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> fOnCombatTick, BuffStack* firstStack)
+        : self(pSelf), id(iid), onUpdate(fOnUpdate), onCombatTick(fOnCombatTick) {
+        addStack(firstStack);
+    }
+};
+
+namespace Buffs {
+    void timeBuffUpdate(EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack);
+    void timeBuffTimeout(EntityRef self);
+}

src/BuiltinCommands.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 #include "BuiltinCommands.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Chat.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
+#include "Chat.hpp"
 #include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Rand.hpp"
 
 // helper function, not a packet handler
 void BuiltinCommands::setSpecialState(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
@@ -247,17 +250,17 @@ static void teleportPlayer(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
     uint64_t instance = plr->instanceID;
     const int unstickRange = 400;
 
-    switch (req->eTeleportType) {
+    switch ((eCN_GM_TeleportType)req->eTeleportType) {
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__MyLocation:
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::MyLocation:
         PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(targetSock, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, instance);
         break;
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__MapXYZ:
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::MapXYZ:
         instance = req->iToMap;
         // fallthrough
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__XYZ:
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::XYZ:
         PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(targetSock, req->iToX, req->iToY, req->iToZ, instance);
         break;
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__SomeoneLocation:
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::SomeoneLocation:
         // player to teleport to
         goalSock = PlayerManager::getSockFromAny(req->eGoalPCSearchBy, req->iGoalPC_ID, req->iGoalPC_UID,
             AUTOU16TOU8(req->szGoalPC_FirstName), AUTOU16TOU8(req->szGoalPC_LastName));
@@ -269,7 +272,7 @@ static void teleportPlayer(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
 
         PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(targetSock, goalPlr->x, goalPlr->y, goalPlr->z, goalPlr->instanceID);
         break;
-    case eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__Unstick:
+    case eCN_GM_TeleportType::Unstick:
         targetPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(targetSock);
 
         PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(targetSock, targetPlr->x - unstickRange/2 + Rand::rand(unstickRange),

src/Chat.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #include "Chat.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
 #include "CustomCommands.hpp"
 
 #include <assert.h>
@@ -225,10 +228,6 @@ static void tradeChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 static void groupChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sP_CL2FE_REQ_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE* chat = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE*)data->buf;
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
 
     std::string fullChat = sanitizeText(AUTOU16TOU8(chat->szFreeChat));
 
@@ -251,16 +250,15 @@ static void groupChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp.iSendPCID = plr->iID;
     resp.iEmoteCode = chat->iEmoteCode;
 
-    Groups::sendToGroup(otherPlr, (void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
+    if (plr->group == nullptr)
+        sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
+    else
+        Groups::sendToGroup(plr->group, (void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_FREECHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
 }
 
 static void groupMenuChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sP_CL2FE_REQ_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE* chat = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE*)data->buf;
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
 
     std::string fullChat = sanitizeText(AUTOU16TOU8(chat->szFreeChat));
     std::string logLine = "[GroupMenuChat] " + PlayerManager::getPlayerName(plr, true) + ": " + fullChat;
@@ -275,7 +273,9 @@ static void groupMenuChatHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp.iSendPCID = plr->iID;
     resp.iEmoteCode = chat->iEmoteCode;
 
-    Groups::sendToGroup(otherPlr, (void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
+    if (plr->group == nullptr)
+        sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
+    Groups::sendToGroup(plr->group, (void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_SEND_ALL_GROUP_MENUCHAT_MESSAGE_SUCC));
 }
 
 // we only allow plain ascii, at least for now

src/Chat.hpp

@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
 
 #define CMD_PREFIX '/'
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace Chat {
     extern std::vector<std::string> dump;

src/Chunking.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #include "Chunking.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+
+#include "MobAI.hpp"
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "settings.hpp"
+
-#include "Combat.hpp"
+#include <assert.h>
-#include "Eggs.hpp"
 
 using namespace Chunking;
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ static void newChunk(ChunkPos pos) {
     // add the chunk to the cache of all players and NPCs in the surrounding chunks
     std::set<Chunk*> surroundings = getViewableChunks(pos);
     for (Chunk* c : surroundings)
-        for (const EntityRef& ref : c->entities)
+        for (const EntityRef ref : c->entities)
             ref.getEntity()->viewableChunks.insert(chunk);
 }
 
@@ -41,24 +41,24 @@ static void deleteChunk(ChunkPos pos) {
     // remove the chunk from the cache of all players and NPCs in the surrounding chunks
     std::set<Chunk*> surroundings = getViewableChunks(pos);
     for(Chunk* c : surroundings)
-        for (const EntityRef& ref : c->entities)
+        for (const EntityRef ref : c->entities)
             ref.getEntity()->viewableChunks.erase(chunk);
 
     chunks.erase(pos); // remove from map
     delete chunk; // free from memory
 }
 
-void Chunking::trackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref) {
+void Chunking::trackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef ref) {
     if (!chunkExists(chunkPos))
         return; // shouldn't happen
 
     chunks[chunkPos]->entities.insert(ref);
 
-    if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
         chunks[chunkPos]->nplayers++;
 }
 
-void Chunking::untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref) {
+void Chunking::untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef ref) {
     if (!chunkExists(chunkPos))
         return; // do nothing if chunk doesn't even exist
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ void Chunking::untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref) {
 
     chunk->entities.erase(ref); // gone
 
-    if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
         chunks[chunkPos]->nplayers--;
     assert(chunks[chunkPos]->nplayers >= 0);
 
@@ -75,13 +75,13 @@ void Chunking::untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref) {
         deleteChunk(chunkPos);
 }
 
-void Chunking::addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref) {
+void Chunking::addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef ref) {
     Entity *ent = ref.getEntity();
-    bool alive = ent->isAlive();
+    bool alive = ent->isExtant();
 
     // TODO: maybe optimize this, potentially using AROUND packets?
     for (Chunk *chunk : chnks) {
-        for (const EntityRef& otherRef : chunk->entities) {
+        for (const EntityRef otherRef : chunk->entities) {
             // skip oneself
             if (ref == otherRef)
                 continue;
@@ -89,31 +89,31 @@ void Chunking::addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref) {
             Entity *other = otherRef.getEntity();
 
             // notify all visible players of the existence of this Entity
-            if (alive && otherRef.type == EntityType::PLAYER) {
+            if (alive && otherRef.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
                 ent->enterIntoViewOf(otherRef.sock);
             }
 
             // notify this *player* of the existence of all visible Entities
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER && other->isAlive()) {
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER && other->isExtant()) {
                 other->enterIntoViewOf(ref.sock);
             }
 
             // for mobs, increment playersInView
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::MOB && otherRef.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::MOB && otherRef.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ((Mob*)ent)->playersInView++;
-            if (otherRef.type == EntityType::MOB && ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (otherRef.kind == EntityKind::MOB && ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ((Mob*)other)->playersInView++;
         }
     }
 }
 
-void Chunking::removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref) {
+void Chunking::removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef ref) {
     Entity *ent = ref.getEntity();
-    bool alive = ent->isAlive();
+    bool alive = ent->isExtant();
 
     // TODO: same as above
     for (Chunk *chunk : chnks) {
-        for (const EntityRef& otherRef : chunk->entities) {
+        for (const EntityRef otherRef : chunk->entities) {
             // skip oneself
             if (ref == otherRef)
                 continue;
@@ -121,19 +121,19 @@ void Chunking::removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& r
             Entity *other = otherRef.getEntity();
 
             // notify all visible players of the departure of this Entity
-            if (alive && otherRef.type == EntityType::PLAYER) {
+            if (alive && otherRef.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
                 ent->disappearFromViewOf(otherRef.sock);
             }
 
             // notify this *player* of the departure of all visible Entities
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER && other->isAlive()) {
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER && other->isExtant()) {
                 other->disappearFromViewOf(ref.sock);
             }
 
             // for mobs, decrement playersInView
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::MOB && otherRef.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::MOB && otherRef.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ((Mob*)ent)->playersInView--;
-            if (otherRef.type == EntityType::MOB && ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (otherRef.kind == EntityKind::MOB && ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ((Mob*)other)->playersInView--;
         }
     }
@@ -154,8 +154,8 @@ static void emptyChunk(ChunkPos chunkPos) {
 
     // unspawn all of the mobs/npcs
     std::set refs(chunk->entities);
-    for (const EntityRef& ref : refs) {
+    for (const EntityRef ref : refs) {
-        if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+        if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
             assert(0);
 
         // every call of this will check if the chunk is empty and delete it if so
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ static void emptyChunk(ChunkPos chunkPos) {
     }
 }
 
-void Chunking::updateEntityChunk(const EntityRef& ref, ChunkPos from, ChunkPos to) {
+void Chunking::updateEntityChunk(const EntityRef ref, ChunkPos from, ChunkPos to) {
     Entity* ent = ref.getEntity();
 
     // move to other chunk's player set
@@ -267,54 +267,53 @@ void Chunking::createInstance(uint64_t instanceID) {
 
     std::cout << "Creating instance " << instanceID << std::endl;
     for (ChunkPos &coords : templateChunks) {
-        for (const EntityRef& ref : chunks[coords]->entities) {
+        for (const EntityRef ref : chunks[coords]->entities) {
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 continue;
 
             int npcID = ref.id;
             BaseNPC* baseNPC = (BaseNPC*)ref.getEntity();
 
             // make a copy of each NPC in the template chunks and put them in the new instance
-            if (baseNPC->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+            if (baseNPC->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
                 if (((Mob*)baseNPC)->groupLeader != 0 && ((Mob*)baseNPC)->groupLeader != npcID)
                     continue; // follower; don't copy individually
 
-                Mob* newMob = new Mob(baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z, baseNPC->appearanceData.iAngle,
+                Mob* newMob = new Mob(baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z, baseNPC->angle,
-                    instanceID, baseNPC->appearanceData.iNPCType, NPCManager::NPCData[baseNPC->appearanceData.iNPCType], NPCManager::nextId--);
+                    instanceID, baseNPC->type, NPCManager::NPCData[baseNPC->type], NPCManager::nextId--);
-                NPCManager::NPCs[newMob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = newMob;
+                NPCManager::NPCs[newMob->id] = newMob;
 
                 // if in a group, copy over group members as well
                 if (((Mob*)baseNPC)->groupLeader != 0) {
-                    newMob->groupLeader = newMob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID; // set leader ID for new leader
+                    newMob->groupLeader = newMob->id; // set leader ID for new leader
                     Mob* mobData = (Mob*)baseNPC;
                     for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                         if (mobData->groupMember[i] != 0) {
                             int followerID = NPCManager::nextId--; // id for follower
                             BaseNPC* baseFollower = NPCManager::NPCs[mobData->groupMember[i]]; // follower from template
                             // new follower instance
-                            Mob* newMobFollower = new Mob(baseFollower->x, baseFollower->y, baseFollower->z, baseFollower->appearanceData.iAngle,
+                            Mob* newMobFollower = new Mob(baseFollower->x, baseFollower->y, baseFollower->z, baseFollower->angle,
-                                instanceID, baseFollower->appearanceData.iNPCType, NPCManager::NPCData[baseFollower->appearanceData.iNPCType], followerID);
+                                instanceID, baseFollower->type, NPCManager::NPCData[baseFollower->type], followerID);
                             // add follower to NPC maps
                             NPCManager::NPCs[followerID] = newMobFollower;
                             // set follower-specific properties
-                            newMobFollower->groupLeader = newMob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+                            newMobFollower->groupLeader = newMob->id;
                             newMobFollower->offsetX = ((Mob*)baseFollower)->offsetX;
                             newMobFollower->offsetY = ((Mob*)baseFollower)->offsetY;
                             // add follower copy to leader copy
                             newMob->groupMember[i] = followerID;
                             NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(followerID, baseFollower->x, baseFollower->y, baseFollower->z,
-                                instanceID, baseFollower->appearanceData.iAngle);
+                                instanceID, baseFollower->angle);
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newMob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z,
+                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newMob->id, baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z,
-                    instanceID, baseNPC->appearanceData.iAngle);
+                    instanceID, baseNPC->angle);
             } else {
-                BaseNPC* newNPC = new BaseNPC(baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z, baseNPC->appearanceData.iAngle,
+                BaseNPC* newNPC = new BaseNPC(baseNPC->angle, instanceID, baseNPC->type, NPCManager::nextId--);
-                    instanceID, baseNPC->appearanceData.iNPCType, NPCManager::nextId--);
+                NPCManager::NPCs[newNPC->id] = newNPC;
-                NPCManager::NPCs[newNPC->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = newNPC;
+                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newNPC->id, baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z,
-                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newNPC->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, baseNPC->x, baseNPC->y, baseNPC->z,
+                    instanceID, baseNPC->angle);
-                    instanceID, baseNPC->appearanceData.iAngle);
             }
         }
     }

src/Chunking.hpp

@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "EntityRef.hpp"
 
-#include <utility>
 #include <set>
 #include <map>
-#include <tuple>
+#include <vector>
-#include <algorithm>
-
-struct EntityRef;
 
 class Chunk {
 public:
@@ -36,13 +32,13 @@ namespace Chunking {
 
     extern const ChunkPos INVALID_CHUNK;
 
-    void updateEntityChunk(const EntityRef& ref, ChunkPos from, ChunkPos to);
+    void updateEntityChunk(const EntityRef ref, ChunkPos from, ChunkPos to);
 
-    void trackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref);
+    void trackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef ref);
-    void untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef& ref);
+    void untrackEntity(ChunkPos chunkPos, const EntityRef ref);
 
-    void addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref);
+    void addEntityToChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef ref);
-    void removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef& ref);
+    void removeEntityFromChunks(std::set<Chunk*> chnks, const EntityRef ref);
 
     bool chunkExists(ChunkPos chunk);
     ChunkPos chunkPosAt(int posX, int posY, uint64_t instanceID);

src/Combat.cpp

@@ -1,22 +1,270 @@
 #include "Combat.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
-#include "Racing.hpp"
-#include "Abilities.hpp"
 #include "Rand.hpp"
+#include "Player.hpp"
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "Nanos.hpp"
+#include "Abilities.hpp"
+#include "Buffs.hpp"
 
 #include <assert.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <functional>
 
 using namespace Combat;
 
 /// Player Id -> Bullet Id -> Bullet
 std::map<int32_t, std::map<int8_t, Bullet>> Combat::Bullets;
 
+#pragma region Player
+bool Player::addBuff(int buffId, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> onTick, BuffStack* stack) {
+    EntityRef self = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(iID);
+
+    if(!hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        buffs[buffId] = new Buff(buffId, self, onUpdate, onTick, stack);
+        return true;
+    }
+    
+    buffs[buffId]->updateCallbacks(onUpdate, onTick);
+    buffs[buffId]->addStack(stack);
+    return false;
+}
+
+Buff* Player::getBuff(int buffId) {
+    if(hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        return buffs[buffId];
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+void Player::removeBuff(int buffId) {
+    if(hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        buffs[buffId]->clear();
+        delete buffs[buffId];
+        buffs.erase(buffId);
+    }
+}
+
+void Player::removeBuff(int buffId, int buffClass) {
+    if(hasBuff(buffId)) {
+        buffs[buffId]->clear((BuffClass)buffClass);
+        if(buffs[buffId]->isStale()) {
+            delete buffs[buffId];
+            buffs.erase(buffId);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool Player::hasBuff(int buffId) {
+    auto buff = buffs.find(buffId);
+    return buff != buffs.end() && !buff->second->isStale();
+}
+
+int Player::getCompositeCondition() {
+    int conditionBitFlag = 0;
+    for(auto buff : buffs) {
+        if(!buff.second->isStale() && buff.second->id > 0)
+            conditionBitFlag |= CSB_FROM_ECSB(buff.first);
+    }
+    return conditionBitFlag;
+}
+
+int Player::takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) {
+    int dmg = amt;
+    if(HP - dmg < 0) dmg = HP;
+    HP -= dmg;
+
+    return dmg;
+}
+
+int Player::heal(EntityRef src, int amt) {
+    int heal = amt;
+    if(HP + heal > getMaxHP()) heal = getMaxHP() - HP;
+    HP += heal;
+
+    return heal;
+}
+
+bool Player::isAlive() {
+    return HP > 0;
+}
+
+int Player::getCurrentHP() {
+    return HP;
+}
+
+int Player::getMaxHP() {
+    return PC_MAXHEALTH(level);
+}
+
+int Player::getLevel() {
+    return level;
+}
+
+std::vector<EntityRef> Player::getGroupMembers() {
+    std::vector<EntityRef> members;
+    if(group != nullptr)
+        members = group->members;
+    else
+        members.push_back(PlayerManager::getSockFromID(iID));
+    return members;
+}
+
+int32_t Player::getCharType() {
+    return 1; // eCharType (eCT_PC)
+}
+
+int32_t Player::getID() {
+    return iID;
+}
+
+EntityRef Player::getRef() {
+    return EntityRef(PlayerManager::getSockFromID(iID));
+}
+
+void Player::step(time_t currTime) {
+    CNSocket* sock = getRef().sock;
+
+    // nanos
+    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+        if (activeNano != 0 && equippedNanos[i] == activeNano) { // tick active nano
+            sNano& nano = Nanos[activeNano];
+            int drainRate = 0;
+
+            if (Abilities::SkillTable.find(nano.iSkillID) != Abilities::SkillTable.end()) {
+                // nano has skill data
+                SkillData* skill = &Abilities::SkillTable[nano.iSkillID];
+                int boost = Nanos::getNanoBoost(this);
+                if (skill->drainType == SkillDrainType::PASSIVE)
+                    drainRate = skill->batteryUse[boost * 3];
+            }
+
+            nano.iStamina -= 1 + drainRate / 5;
+            if (nano.iStamina <= 0)
+                Nanos::summonNano(sock, -1, true); // unsummon nano silently
+
+        } else if (Nanos[equippedNanos[i]].iStamina < 150) { // tick resting nano
+            sNano& nano = Nanos[equippedNanos[i]];
+            if (nano.iStamina < 150)
+                nano.iStamina += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // buffs
+    for(auto buffEntry : buffs) {
+        buffEntry.second->combatTick(currTime);
+    }
+}
+#pragma endregion
+
+#pragma region CombatNPC
+bool CombatNPC::addBuff(int buffId, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> onTick, BuffStack* stack) { /* stubbed */
+    return false;
+}
+
+Buff* CombatNPC::getBuff(int buffId) { /* stubbed */
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+void CombatNPC::removeBuff(int buffId) { /* stubbed */ }
+
+void CombatNPC::removeBuff(int buffId, int buffClass) { /* stubbed */ }
+
+bool CombatNPC::hasBuff(int buffId) { /* stubbed */
+    return false;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::getCompositeCondition() { /* stubbed */
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) {
+    int dmg = amt;
+    if(hp - dmg < 0) dmg = hp;
+    hp -= dmg;
+
+    if(hp <= 0) transition(AIState::DEAD, src);
+
+    return dmg;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::heal(EntityRef src, int amt) {
+    int heal = amt;
+    if(hp + heal > getMaxHP()) heal = getMaxHP() - hp;
+    hp += heal;
+
+    return heal;
+}
+
+bool CombatNPC::isAlive() {
+    return hp > 0;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::getCurrentHP() {
+    return hp;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::getMaxHP() {
+    return maxHealth;
+}
+
+int CombatNPC::getLevel() {
+    return level;
+}
+
+std::vector<EntityRef> CombatNPC::getGroupMembers() {
+    std::vector<EntityRef> members;
+    if(group != nullptr)
+        members = group->members;
+    else
+        members.push_back(id);
+    return members;
+}
+
+int32_t CombatNPC::getCharType() {
+    if(kind == EntityKind::MOB)
+        return 4; // eCharType (eCT_MOB)
+    return 2; // eCharType (eCT_NPC)
+}
+
+int32_t CombatNPC::getID() {
+    return id;
+}
+
+EntityRef CombatNPC::getRef() {
+    return EntityRef(id);
+}
+
+void CombatNPC::step(time_t currTime) {
+    
+    if(stateHandlers.find(state) != stateHandlers.end())
+        stateHandlers[state](this, currTime);
+    else {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] State " << (int)state << " has no handler; going inactive" << std::endl;
+        transition(AIState::INACTIVE, id);
+    }
+}
+
+void CombatNPC::transition(AIState newState, EntityRef src) {
+
+    state = newState;
+    if (transitionHandlers.find(newState) != transitionHandlers.end())
+        transitionHandlers[newState](this, src);
+    else {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Transition to " << (int)state << " has no handler; going inactive" << std::endl;
+        transition(AIState::INACTIVE, id);
+    }
+    /* TODO: fire any triggered events
+    for (NPCEvent& event : NPCManager::NPCEvents)
+        if (event.trigger == ON_KILLED && event.npcType == type)
+            event.handler(src, this);
+    */
+}
+#pragma endregion
+
 static std::pair<int,int> getDamage(int attackPower, int defensePower, bool shouldCrit,
                                          bool batteryBoost, int attackerStyle,
                                          int defenderStyle, int difficulty) {
@@ -56,14 +304,10 @@ static std::pair<int,int> getDamage(int attackPower, int defensePower, bool shou
     return ret;
 }
 
-static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
+static bool checkRapidFire(CNSocket *sock, int targetCount) {
-    auto pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_NPCs*)data->buf;
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    auto targets = (int32_t*)data->trailers;
-
-    // rapid fire anti-cheat
-    // TODO: move this out of here, when generalizing packet frequency validation
     time_t currTime = getTime();
+
     if (currTime - plr->lastShot < plr->fireRate * 80)
         plr->suspicionRating += plr->fireRate * 100 + plr->lastShot - currTime; // gain suspicion for rapid firing
     else if (currTime - plr->lastShot < plr->fireRate * 180 && plr->suspicionRating > 0)
@@ -71,15 +315,28 @@ static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
 
     plr->lastShot = currTime;
 
-    if (pkt->iNPCCnt > 3) // 3+ targets should never be possible
+    // 3+ targets should never be possible
-        plr->suspicionRating += 10000;
+    if (targetCount > 3)
+        plr->suspicionRating += 10001;
 
-    if (plr->suspicionRating > 10000) { // kill the socket when the player is too suspicious
+    // kill the socket when the player is too suspicious
+    if (plr->suspicionRating > 10000) {
         sock->kill();
         CNShardServer::_killConnection(sock);
-        return;
+        return true;
     }
 
+    return false;
+}
+
+static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
+    auto pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_NPCs*)data->buf;
+    Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+    auto targets = (int32_t*)data->trailers;
+
+    // kick the player if firing too rapidly
+    if (settings::ANTICHEAT && checkRapidFire(sock, pkt->iNPCCnt))
+        return;
 
     /*
      * IMPORTANT: This validates memory safety in addition to preventing
@@ -105,7 +362,7 @@ static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
 
 
         BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[targets[i]];
-        if (npc->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (npc->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
             std::cout << "[WARN] pcAttackNpcs: NPC is not a mob" << std::endl;
             return;
         }
@@ -128,11 +385,11 @@ static void pcAttackNpcs(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
         else
             plr->batteryW = 0;
 
-        damage.first = hitMob(sock, mob, damage.first);
+        damage.first = mob->takeDamage(sock, damage.first);
 
-        respdata[i].iID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+        respdata[i].iID = mob->id;
         respdata[i].iDamage = damage.first;
-        respdata[i].iHP = mob->appearanceData.iHP;
+        respdata[i].iHP = mob->hp;
         respdata[i].iHitFlag = damage.second; // hitscan, not a rocket or a grenade
     }
 
@@ -159,7 +416,7 @@ void Combat::npcAttackPc(Mob *mob, time_t currTime) {
     if (!(plr->iSpecialState & CN_SPECIAL_STATE_FLAG__INVULNERABLE))
         plr->HP -= damage.first;
 
-    pkt->iNPC_ID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+    pkt->iNPC_ID = mob->id;
     pkt->iPCCnt = 1;
 
     atk->iID = plr->iID;
@@ -171,51 +428,10 @@ void Combat::npcAttackPc(Mob *mob, time_t currTime) {
     PlayerManager::sendToViewable(mob->target, respbuf, P_FE2CL_NPC_ATTACK_PCs);
 
     if (plr->HP <= 0) {
-        mob->target = nullptr;
+        if (!MobAI::aggroCheck(mob, getTime()))
-        mob->state = MobState::RETREAT;
+            mob->transition(AIState::RETREAT, mob->target);
-        if (!MobAI::aggroCheck(mob, currTime)) {
-            MobAI::clearDebuff(mob);
-            if (mob->groupLeader != 0)
-                MobAI::groupRetreat(mob);
     }
 }
-}
-
-int Combat::hitMob(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob, int damage) {
-    // cannot kill mobs multiple times; cannot harm retreating mobs
-    if (mob->state != MobState::ROAMING && mob->state != MobState::COMBAT) {
-        return 0; // no damage
-    }
-
-    if (mob->skillStyle >= 0)
-        return 0; // don't hurt a mob casting corruption
-
-    if (mob->state == MobState::ROAMING) {
-        assert(mob->target == nullptr);
-        MobAI::enterCombat(sock, mob);
-
-        if (mob->groupLeader != 0)
-            MobAI::followToCombat(mob);
-    }
-
-    mob->appearanceData.iHP -= damage;
-
-    // wake up sleeping monster
-    if (mob->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_MEZ) {
-        mob->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag &= ~CSB_BIT_MEZ;
-
-        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, pkt1);
-        pkt1.eCT = 2;
-        pkt1.iID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
-        pkt1.iConditionBitFlag = mob->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag;
-        NPCManager::sendToViewable(mob, &pkt1, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT));
-    }
-
-    if (mob->appearanceData.iHP <= 0)
-        killMob(mob->target, mob);
-
-    return damage;
-}
 
 /*
  * When a group of players is doing missions together, we want them to all get
@@ -224,96 +440,16 @@ int Combat::hitMob(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob, int damage) {
  * single RNG roll per mission task, and every group member shares that same
  * set of rolls.
  */
-static void genQItemRolls(Player *leader, std::map<int, int>& rolls) {
+void Combat::genQItemRolls(std::vector<Player*> players, std::map<int, int>& rolls) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < leader->groupCnt; i++) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < players.size(); i++) {
-        if (leader->groupIDs[i] == 0)
-            continue;
-
-        CNSocket *otherSock = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(leader->groupIDs[i]);
-        if (otherSock == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        Player *member = PlayerManager::getPlayer(otherSock);
 
+        Player* member = players[i];
         for (int j = 0; j < ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT; j++)
             if (member->tasks[j] != 0)
                 rolls[member->tasks[j]] = Rand::rand();
     }
 }
 
-void Combat::killMob(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob) {
-    mob->state = MobState::DEAD;
-    mob->target = nullptr;
-    mob->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag = 0;
-    mob->skillStyle = -1;
-    mob->unbuffTimes.clear();
-    mob->killedTime = getTime(); // XXX: maybe introduce a shard-global time for each step?
-
-    // check for the edge case where hitting the mob did not aggro it
-    if (sock != nullptr) {
-        Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-
-        Items::DropRoll rolled;
-        Items::DropRoll eventRolled;
-        std::map<int, int> qitemRolls;
-
-        Player *leader = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-        assert(leader != nullptr); // should never happen
-
-        genQItemRolls(leader, qitemRolls);
-
-        if (plr->groupCnt == 1 && plr->iIDGroup == plr->iID) {
-            Items::giveMobDrop(sock, mob, rolled, eventRolled);
-            Missions::mobKilled(sock, mob->appearanceData.iNPCType, qitemRolls);
-        } else {
-            for (int i = 0; i < leader->groupCnt; i++) {
-                CNSocket* sockTo = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(leader->groupIDs[i]);
-                if (sockTo == nullptr)
-                    continue;
-
-                Player *otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sockTo);
-
-                // only contribute to group members' kills if they're close enough
-                int dist = std::hypot(plr->x - otherPlr->x + 1, plr->y - otherPlr->y + 1);
-                if (dist > 5000)
-                    continue;
-
-                Items::giveMobDrop(sockTo, mob, rolled, eventRolled);
-                Missions::mobKilled(sockTo, mob->appearanceData.iNPCType, qitemRolls);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // delay the despawn animation
-    mob->despawned = false;
-
-    // fire any triggered events
-    for (NPCEvent& event : NPCManager::NPCEvents)
-        if (event.trigger == ON_KILLED && event.npcType == mob->appearanceData.iNPCType)
-            event.handler(sock, mob);
-
-    auto it = Transport::NPCQueues.find(mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
-    if (it == Transport::NPCQueues.end() || it->second.empty())
-        return;
-
-    // rewind or empty the movement queue
-    if (mob->staticPath) {
-        /*
-         * This is inelegant, but we wind forward in the path until we find the point that
-         * corresponds with the Mob's spawn point.
-         *
-         * IMPORTANT: The check in TableData::loadPaths() must pass or else this will loop forever.
-         */
-        auto& queue = it->second;
-        for (auto point = queue.front(); point.x != mob->spawnX || point.y != mob->spawnY; point = queue.front()) {
-            queue.pop();
-            queue.push(point);
-        }
-    } else {
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
-    }
-}
-
 static void combatBegin(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
@@ -336,40 +472,27 @@ static void combatEnd(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
     plr->healCooldown = 4000;
 }
 
-static void dotDamageOnOff(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
+static void dealGooDamage(CNSocket *sock) {
-    sP_CL2FE_DOT_DAMAGE_ONOFF *pkt = (sP_CL2FE_DOT_DAMAGE_ONOFF*)data->buf;
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+    if(plr->iSpecialState & CN_SPECIAL_STATE_FLAG__INVULNERABLE)
+        return; // ignore completely
 
-    if ((plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_INFECTION) != (bool)pkt->iFlag)
-        plr->iConditionBitFlag ^= CSB_BIT_INFECTION;
-
-    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, pkt1);
-
-    pkt1.eCSTB = ECSB_INFECTION; // eCharStatusTimeBuffID
-    pkt1.eTBU = 1; // eTimeBuffUpdate
-    pkt1.eTBT = 0; // eTimeBuffType 1 means nano
-    pkt1.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag;
-
-    sock->sendPacket((void*)&pkt1, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE));
-}
-
-static void dealGooDamage(CNSocket *sock, int amount) {
     size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK) + sizeof(sSkillResult_DotDamage);
     assert(resplen < CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE - 8);
     uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
-    Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-
     memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
 
     sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK *pkt = (sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK*)respbuf;
     sSkillResult_DotDamage *dmg = (sSkillResult_DotDamage*)(respbuf + sizeof(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK));
 
-    if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_PROTECT_INFECTION) {
+    int amount = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) * 3 / 20;
+    Buff* protectionBuff = plr->getBuff(ECSB_PROTECT_INFECTION);
+    if (protectionBuff != nullptr) {
         amount = -2; // -2 is the magic number for "Protected" to appear as the damage number
         dmg->bProtected = 1;
 
         // eggs allow protection without nanos
-        if (plr->activeNano != -1 && (plr->iSelfConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_PROTECT_INFECTION))
+        if (protectionBuff->maxClass() <= BuffClass::NANO && plr->activeNano != -1)
             plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina -= 3;
     } else {
         plr->HP -= amount;
@@ -393,12 +516,39 @@ static void dealGooDamage(CNSocket *sock, int amount) {
     dmg->iID = plr->iID;
     dmg->iDamage = amount;
     dmg->iHP = plr->HP;
-    dmg->iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag;
+    dmg->iConditionBitFlag = plr->getCompositeCondition();
 
     sock->sendPacket((void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK, resplen);
     PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_TICK, resplen);
 }
 
+static void dotDamageOnOff(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
+    sP_CL2FE_DOT_DAMAGE_ONOFF *pkt = (sP_CL2FE_DOT_DAMAGE_ONOFF*)data->buf;
+    Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+
+    // infection debuff toggles as the client asks it to,
+    // so we add and remove a permanent debuff
+    if (pkt->iFlag && !plr->hasBuff(ECSB_INFECTION)) {
+        BuffStack infection = {
+            -1, // infinite
+            0, // no value
+            sock, // self-inflicted
+            BuffClass::ENVIRONMENT
+        };
+        plr->addBuff(ECSB_INFECTION,
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack) {
+                Buffs::timeBuffUpdate(self, buff, status, stack);
+            },
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, time_t currTime) {
+                if(self.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
+                    dealGooDamage(self.sock);
+            },
+            &infection);
+    } else if(!pkt->iFlag && plr->hasBuff(ECSB_INFECTION)) {
+        plr->removeBuff(ECSB_INFECTION);
+    }
+}
+
 static void pcAttackChars(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
     sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs* pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs*)data->buf;
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
@@ -408,12 +558,12 @@ static void pcAttackChars(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
         return;
 
     // Unlike the attack mob packet, attacking players packet has an 8-byte trail (Instead of 4 bytes).
-    if (!validInVarPacket(sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs), pkt->iTargetCnt, sizeof(int32_t) * 2, data->size)) {
+    if (!validInVarPacket(sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs), pkt->iTargetCnt, sizeof(sGM_PVPTarget), data->size)) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs packet size\n";
         return;
     }
 
-    int32_t *pktdata = (int32_t*)((uint8_t*)data->buf + sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs));
+    sGM_PVPTarget* pktdata = (sGM_PVPTarget*)((uint8_t*)data->buf + sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_CHARs));
 
     if (!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_ATTACK_CHARs_SUCC), pkt->iTargetCnt, sizeof(sAttackResult))) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_ATTACK_CHARs_SUCC packet size\n";
@@ -432,11 +582,19 @@ static void pcAttackChars(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
     resp->iTargetCnt = pkt->iTargetCnt;
 
     for (int i = 0; i < pkt->iTargetCnt; i++) {
-        if (pktdata[i*2+1] == 1) { // eCT == 1; attack player
+
-            Player *target = nullptr;
+        ICombatant* target = nullptr;
+        std::pair<int, int> damage;
+
+        if (pkt->iTargetCnt > 1)
+            damage.first = plr->groupDamage;
+        else
+            damage.first = plr->pointDamage;
+
+        if (pktdata[i].eCT == 1) { // eCT == 1; attack player
 
             for (auto& pair : PlayerManager::players) {
-                if (pair.second->iID == pktdata[i*2]) {
+                if (pair.second->iID == pktdata[i].iID) {
                     target = pair.second;
                     break;
                 }
@@ -448,67 +606,41 @@ static void pcAttackChars(CNSocket *sock, CNPacketData *data) {
                 return;
             }
 
-            std::pair<int,int> damage;
+            damage = getDamage(damage.first, ((Player*)target)->defense, true, (plr->batteryW > 6 + plr->level), -1, -1, 0);
 
-            if (pkt->iTargetCnt > 1)
+        } else { // eCT == 4; attack mob
-                damage.first = plr->groupDamage;
-            else
-                damage.first = plr->pointDamage;
 
-            damage = getDamage(damage.first, target->defense, true, (plr->batteryW > 6 + plr->level), -1, -1, 0);
+            if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(pktdata[i].iID) == NPCManager::NPCs.end()) {
+                // not sure how to best handle this
+                std::cout << "[WARN] pcAttackChars: NPC ID not found" << std::endl;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[pktdata[i].iID];
+            if (npc->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
+                std::cout << "[WARN] pcAttackChars: NPC is not a mob" << std::endl;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Mob* mob = (Mob*)npc;
+            target = mob;
+            int difficulty = (int)mob->data["m_iNpcLevel"];
+            damage = getDamage(damage.first, (int)mob->data["m_iProtection"], true, (plr->batteryW > 6 + difficulty),
+                Nanos::nanoStyle(plr->activeNano), (int)mob->data["m_iNpcStyle"], difficulty);
+        }
 
         if (plr->batteryW >= 6 + plr->level)
             plr->batteryW -= 6 + plr->level;
         else
             plr->batteryW = 0;
 
-            target->HP -= damage.first;
+        damage.first = target->takeDamage(sock, damage.first);
 
-            respdata[i].eCT = pktdata[i*2+1];
+        respdata[i].eCT = pktdata[i].eCT;
-            respdata[i].iID = target->iID;
+        respdata[i].iID = target->getID();
         respdata[i].iDamage = damage.first;
-            respdata[i].iHP = target->HP;
+        respdata[i].iHP = target->getCurrentHP();
         respdata[i].iHitFlag = damage.second; // hitscan, not a rocket or a grenade
-        } else { // eCT == 4; attack mob
-            if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(pktdata[i*2]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end()) {
-                // not sure how to best handle this
-                std::cout << "[WARN] pcAttackChars: NPC ID not found" << std::endl;
-                return;
-            }
-
-            BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[pktdata[i * 2]];
-            if (npc->type != EntityType::MOB) {
-                std::cout << "[WARN] pcAttackChars: NPC is not a mob" << std::endl;
-                return;
-            }
-
-            Mob* mob = (Mob*)npc;
-
-            std::pair<int,int> damage;
-
-            if (pkt->iTargetCnt > 1)
-                damage.first = plr->groupDamage;
-            else
-                damage.first = plr->pointDamage;
-
-            int difficulty = (int)mob->data["m_iNpcLevel"];
-
-            damage = getDamage(damage.first, (int)mob->data["m_iProtection"], true, (plr->batteryW > 6 + difficulty),
-                Nanos::nanoStyle(plr->activeNano), (int)mob->data["m_iNpcStyle"], difficulty);
-
-            if (plr->batteryW >= 6 + difficulty)
-                plr->batteryW -= 6 + difficulty;
-            else
-                plr->batteryW = 0;
-
-            damage.first = hitMob(sock, mob, damage.first);
-
-            respdata[i].eCT = pktdata[i*2+1];
-            respdata[i].iID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
-            respdata[i].iDamage = damage.first;
-            respdata[i].iHP = mob->appearanceData.iHP;
-            respdata[i].iHitFlag = damage.second; // hitscan, not a rocket or a grenade
-        }
     }
 
     sock->sendPacket((void*)respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_ATTACK_CHARs_SUCC, resplen);
@@ -644,21 +776,6 @@ static void projectileHit(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         return;
     }
 
-    // rapid fire anti-cheat
-    time_t currTime = getTime();
-    if (currTime - plr->lastShot < plr->fireRate * 80)
-        plr->suspicionRating += plr->fireRate * 100 + plr->lastShot - currTime; // gain suspicion for rapid firing
-    else if (currTime - plr->lastShot < plr->fireRate * 180 && plr->suspicionRating > 0)
-        plr->suspicionRating += plr->fireRate * 100 + plr->lastShot - currTime; // lose suspicion for delayed firing
-
-    plr->lastShot = currTime;
-
-    if (plr->suspicionRating > 10000) { // kill the socket when the player is too suspicious
-        sock->kill();
-        CNShardServer::_killConnection(sock);
-        return;
-    }
-
     /*
      * initialize response struct
      * rocket style hit doesn't work properly, so we're always sending this one
@@ -687,7 +804,7 @@ static void projectileHit(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         }
 
         BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[pktdata[i]];
-        if (npc->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (npc->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
             std::cout << "[WARN] projectileHit: NPC is not a mob" << std::endl;
             return;
         }
@@ -700,11 +817,11 @@ static void projectileHit(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         int difficulty = (int)mob->data["m_iNpcLevel"];
         damage = getDamage(damage.first, (int)mob->data["m_iProtection"], true, bullet->weaponBoost, Nanos::nanoStyle(plr->activeNano), (int)mob->data["m_iNpcStyle"], difficulty);
 
-        damage.first = hitMob(sock, mob, damage.first);
+        damage.first = mob->takeDamage(sock, damage.first);
 
-        respdata[i].iID = mob->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+        respdata[i].iID = mob->id;
         respdata[i].iDamage = damage.first;
-        respdata[i].iHP = mob->appearanceData.iHP;
+        respdata[i].iHP = mob->hp;
         respdata[i].iHitFlag = damage.second;
     }
 
@@ -719,6 +836,7 @@ static void projectileHit(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
 static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
     static time_t lastHealTime = 0;
+    static time_t lastCombatTIme = 0;
 
     for (auto& pair : PlayerManager::players) {
         CNSocket *sock = pair.first;
@@ -726,18 +844,13 @@ static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
         bool transmit = false;
 
         // group ticks
-        if (plr->groupCnt > 1)
+        if (plr->group != nullptr)
-            Groups::groupTickInfo(plr);
+            Groups::groupTickInfo(sock);
 
         // do not tick dead players
         if (plr->HP <= 0)
             continue;
 
-        // fm patch/lake damage
-        if ((plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_INFECTION)
-            && !(plr->iSpecialState & CN_SPECIAL_STATE_FLAG__INVULNERABLE))
-            dealGooDamage(sock, PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) * 3 / 20);
-
         // heal
         if (currTime - lastHealTime >= 4000 && !plr->inCombat && plr->HP < PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level)) {
             if (currTime - lastHealTime - plr->healCooldown >= 4000) {
@@ -749,22 +862,21 @@ static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
                 plr->healCooldown -= 4000;
         }
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+        // combat tick
-            if (plr->activeNano != 0 && plr->equippedNanos[i] == plr->activeNano) { // spend stamina
+        if(currTime - lastCombatTIme >= 2000) {
-                plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina -= 1 + plr->nanoDrainRate / 5;
+            plr->step(currTime);
-
-                if (plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina <= 0)
-                    Nanos::summonNano(sock, -1, true); // unsummon nano silently
-
             transmit = true;
-            } else if (plr->Nanos[plr->equippedNanos[i]].iStamina < 150) { // regain stamina
+        }
-                sNano& nano = plr->Nanos[plr->equippedNanos[i]];
-                nano.iStamina += 1;
 
-                if (nano.iStamina > 150)
+        // nanos
-                    nano.iStamina = 150;
+        if (plr->activeNano != 0) { // tick active nano
-
+            sNano* nano = plr->getActiveNano();
-                transmit = true;
+            if (Abilities::SkillTable.find(nano->iSkillID) != Abilities::SkillTable.end()) {
+                // nano has skill data
+                SkillData* skill = &Abilities::SkillTable[nano->iSkillID];
+                if (skill->drainType == SkillDrainType::PASSIVE)
+                    Nanos::applyNanoBuff(skill, plr);
+                // ^ composite condition calculation is separate from combat for responsiveness
             }
         }
 
@@ -780,6 +892,19 @@ static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
             PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, (void*)&dead, P_FE2CL_PC_SUDDEN_DEAD, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_SUDDEN_DEAD));
         }
 
+        // process buffsets
+        auto it = plr->buffs.begin();
+        while(it != plr->buffs.end()) {
+            Buff* buff = (*it).second;
+            buff->tick(currTime);
+            if(buff->isStale()) {
+                // garbage collect
+                it = plr->buffs.erase(it);
+                delete buff;
+            }
+            else it++;
+        }
+
         if (transmit) {
             INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TICK, pkt);
 
@@ -794,13 +919,15 @@ static void playerTick(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
         }
     }
 
-    // if this was a heal tick, update the counter outside of the loop
+    // if this was a heal/combat tick, update the counters outside of the loop
     if (currTime - lastHealTime >= 4000)
         lastHealTime = currTime;
+    if(currTime - lastCombatTIme >= 2000)
+        lastCombatTIme = currTime;
 }
 
 void Combat::init() {
-    REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(playerTick, 2000);
+    REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(playerTick, MS_PER_PLAYER_TICK);
 
     REGISTER_SHARD_PACKET(P_CL2FE_REQ_PC_ATTACK_NPCs, pcAttackNpcs);
 

src/Combat.hpp

@@ -1,15 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "Player.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include "NPC.hpp"
 #include "MobAI.hpp"
 
-#include "JSON.hpp"
-
 #include <map>
-#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
-#include <queue>
 
 struct Bullet {
     int pointDamage;
@@ -24,6 +19,5 @@ namespace Combat {
     void init();
 
     void npcAttackPc(Mob *mob, time_t currTime);
-    int hitMob(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob, int damage);
+    void genQItemRolls(std::vector<Player*> players, std::map<int, int>& rolls);
-    void killMob(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob);
 }

src/CustomCommands.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
 #include "CustomCommands.hpp"
-#include "Chat.hpp"
+
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Chat.hpp"
 #include "TableData.hpp"
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Eggs.hpp"
 #include "MobAI.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
+#include "Eggs.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
+#include "Abilities.hpp"
 
 #include <sstream>
-#include <iterator>
-#include <math.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 
 typedef void (*CommandHandler)(std::string fullString, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock);
@@ -243,20 +244,20 @@ static void summonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNS
     BaseNPC *npc = NPCManager::summonNPC(plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, type, true);
 
     // update angle
-    npc->appearanceData.iAngle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
+    npc->angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, npc->angle);
 
     // if we're in a lair, we need to spawn the NPC in both the private instance and the template
     if (PLAYERID(plr->instanceID) != 0) {
         npc = NPCManager::summonNPC(plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, type, true, true);
 
-        npc->appearanceData.iAngle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
+        npc->angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, npc->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, npc->instanceID, npc->angle);
     }
 
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/summonW: placed mob with type: " + std::to_string(type) +
-        ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+        ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
-    TableData::RunningMobs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = npc; // only record the one in the template
+    TableData::RunningMobs[npc->id] = npc; // only record the one in the template
 }
 
 static void unsummonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -269,24 +270,24 @@ static void unsummonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, C
         return;
     }
 
-    if (TableData::RunningEggs.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) != TableData::RunningEggs.end()) {
+    if (TableData::RunningEggs.find(npc->id) != TableData::RunningEggs.end()) {
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: removed egg with type: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPCType) +
+        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: removed egg with type: " + std::to_string(npc->type) +
-            ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+            ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
-        TableData::RunningEggs.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+        TableData::RunningEggs.erase(npc->id);
-        NPCManager::destroyNPC(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+        NPCManager::destroyNPC(npc->id);
         return;
     }
 
-    if (TableData::RunningMobs.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) == TableData::RunningMobs.end()
+    if (TableData::RunningMobs.find(npc->id) == TableData::RunningMobs.end()
-        && TableData::RunningGroups.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) == TableData::RunningGroups.end()) {
+        && TableData::RunningGroups.find(npc->id) == TableData::RunningGroups.end()) {
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: Closest NPC is not a gruntwork mob.");
         return;
     }
 
-    if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) != NPCManager::NPCs.end() && NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID]->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+    if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(npc->id) != NPCManager::NPCs.end() && NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id]->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
         int leadId = ((Mob*)npc)->groupLeader;
         if (leadId != 0) {
-            if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(leadId) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[leadId]->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+            if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(leadId) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[leadId]->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
                 std::cout << "[WARN] unsummonW: leader not found!" << std::endl;
             }
             Mob* leadNpc = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[leadId];
@@ -294,7 +295,7 @@ static void unsummonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, C
                 if (leadNpc->groupMember[i] == 0)
                     break;
 
-                if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(leadNpc->groupMember[i]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[leadNpc->groupMember[i]]->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+                if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(leadNpc->groupMember[i]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[leadNpc->groupMember[i]]->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
                     std::cout << "[WARN] unsommonW: leader can't find a group member!" << std::endl;
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -308,12 +309,12 @@ static void unsummonWCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, C
         }
     }
 
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: removed mob with type: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPCType) +
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/unsummonW: removed mob with type: " + std::to_string(npc->type) +
-        ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+        ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
 
-    TableData::RunningMobs.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+    TableData::RunningMobs.erase(npc->id);
 
-    NPCManager::destroyNPC(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+    NPCManager::destroyNPC(npc->id);
 }
 
 static void toggleAiCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -324,11 +325,11 @@ static void toggleAiCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CN
 
     // return all mobs to their spawn points
     for (auto& pair : NPCManager::NPCs) {
-        if (pair.second->type != EntityType::MOB)
+        if (pair.second->kind != EntityKind::MOB)
             continue;
 
         Mob* mob = (Mob*)pair.second;
-        mob->state = MobState::RETREAT;
+        mob->state = AIState::RETREAT;
         mob->target = nullptr;
         mob->nextMovement = getTime();
 
@@ -356,24 +357,24 @@ static void npcRotateCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, C
     }
 
     int angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, npc->instanceID, angle);
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, npc->instanceID, angle);
 
     // if it's a gruntwork NPC, rotate in-place
-    if (TableData::RunningMobs.find(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) != TableData::RunningMobs.end()) {
+    if (TableData::RunningMobs.find(npc->id) != TableData::RunningMobs.end()) {
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, npc->instanceID, angle);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, npc->instanceID, angle);
 
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[NPCR] Successfully set angle to " + std::to_string(angle) + " for gruntwork NPC "
-            + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+            + std::to_string(npc->id));
     } else {
-        TableData::RunningNPCRotations[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = angle;
+        TableData::RunningNPCRotations[npc->id] = angle;
 
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[NPCR] Successfully set angle to " + std::to_string(angle) + " for NPC "
-            + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+            + std::to_string(npc->id));
     }
 
     // update rotation clientside
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NPC_ENTER, pkt);
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData = npc->appearanceData;
+    pkt.NPCAppearanceData = npc->getAppearanceData();
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_NPC_ENTER);
 }
 
@@ -443,9 +444,9 @@ static void npcInstanceCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args,
         return;
     }
 
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[NPCI] Moving NPC with ID " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) + " to instance " + std::to_string(instance));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[NPCI] Moving NPC with ID " + std::to_string(npc->id) + " to instance " + std::to_string(instance));
-    TableData::RunningNPCMapNumbers[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = instance;
+    TableData::RunningNPCMapNumbers[npc->id] = instance;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, instance, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, instance, npc->angle);
 }
 
 static void minfoCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -501,9 +502,12 @@ static void buffCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
     if (*tmp)
         return;
 
-    if (Eggs::eggBuffPlayer(sock, skillId, 0, duration)<0)
+    if (Abilities::SkillTable.count(skillId) == 0) {
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/buff: unknown skill Id");
+        return;
+    }
 
+    Eggs::eggBuffPlayer(sock, skillId, 0, duration);
 }
 
 static void eggCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -532,7 +536,7 @@ static void eggCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocke
     int addX = 0; //-500.0f * sin(plr->angle / 180.0f * M_PI);
     int addY = 0;  //-500.0f * cos(plr->angle / 180.0f * M_PI);
 
-    Egg* egg = new Egg(plr->x + addX, plr->y + addY, plr->z, plr->instanceID, eggType, id, false); // change last arg to true after gruntwork
+    Egg* egg = new Egg(plr->instanceID, eggType, id, false); // change last arg to true after gruntwork
     NPCManager::NPCs[id] = egg;
     NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(id, plr->x + addX, plr->y + addY, plr->z, plr->instanceID, plr->angle);
 
@@ -609,40 +613,40 @@ static void summonGroupCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args,
         }
 
         BaseNPC *npc = NPCManager::summonNPC(x, y, z, plr->instanceID, type, wCommand);
-        if (team == 2 && i > 0 && npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (team == 2 && i > 0 && npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
-            leadNpc->groupMember[i-1] = npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+            leadNpc->groupMember[i-1] = npc->id;
-            Mob* mob = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID];
+            Mob* mob = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id];
-            mob->groupLeader = leadNpc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+            mob->groupLeader = leadNpc->id;
             mob->offsetX = x - plr->x;
             mob->offsetY = y - plr->y;
         }
 
-        npc->appearanceData.iAngle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
+        npc->angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, x, y, z, plr->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, x, y, z, plr->instanceID, npc->angle);
 
         // if we're in a lair, we need to spawn the NPC in both the private instance and the template
         if (PLAYERID(plr->instanceID) != 0) {
             npc = NPCManager::summonNPC(plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, type, wCommand, true);
 
-            if (team == 2 && i > 0 && npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+            if (team == 2 && i > 0 && npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
-                leadNpc->groupMember[i-1] = npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+                leadNpc->groupMember[i-1] = npc->id;
-                Mob* mob = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID];
+                Mob* mob = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id];
-                mob->groupLeader = leadNpc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+                mob->groupLeader = leadNpc->id;
                 mob->offsetX = x - plr->x;
                 mob->offsetY = y - plr->y;
             }
 
-            npc->appearanceData.iAngle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
+            npc->angle = (plr->angle + 180) % 360;
-            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, x, y, z, plr->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, x, y, z, plr->instanceID, npc->angle);
         }
 
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "/summonGroup(W): placed mob with type: " + std::to_string(type) +
-            ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+            ", id: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
 
-        if (i == 0 && team == 2 && npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (i == 0 && team == 2 && npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
             type = type2;
-            leadNpc = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID];
+            leadNpc = (Mob*)NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id];
-            leadNpc->groupLeader = leadNpc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+            leadNpc->groupLeader = leadNpc->id;
         }
     }
 
@@ -654,7 +658,7 @@ static void summonGroupCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args,
         return;
     }
 
-    TableData::RunningGroups[leadNpc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = leadNpc; // only record the leader
+    TableData::RunningGroups[leadNpc->id] = leadNpc; // only record the leader
 }
 
 static void flushCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSocket* sock) {
@@ -671,15 +675,15 @@ static void whoisCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSoc
         return;
     }
 
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] ID: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] ID: " + std::to_string(npc->id));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Type: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPCType));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Type: " + std::to_string(npc->type));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] HP: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iHP));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] HP: " + std::to_string(npc->hp));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] CBF: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] CBF: " + std::to_string(npc->cbf));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] EntityType: " + std::to_string((int)npc->type));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] EntityType: " + std::to_string((int)npc->kind));
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] X: " + std::to_string(npc->x));
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Y: " + std::to_string(npc->y));
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Z: " + std::to_string(npc->z));
-    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Angle: " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iAngle));
+    Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Angle: " + std::to_string(npc->angle));
     std::string chunkPosition = std::to_string(std::get<0>(npc->chunkPos)) + ", " + std::to_string(std::get<1>(npc->chunkPos)) + ", " + std::to_string(std::get<2>(npc->chunkPos));
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] Chunk: {" + chunkPosition + "}");
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[WHOIS] MapNum: " + std::to_string(MAPNUM(npc->instanceID)));
@@ -694,7 +698,7 @@ static void lairUnlockCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args,
     int lastDist = INT_MAX;
     for (Chunk *chnk : Chunking::getViewableChunks(plr->chunkPos)) {
         for (const EntityRef& ref : chnk->entities) {
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 continue;
 
             BaseNPC* npc = (BaseNPC*)ref.getEntity();
@@ -705,7 +709,7 @@ static void lairUnlockCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args,
                 continue;
 
             for (auto it = NPCManager::Warps.begin(); it != NPCManager::Warps.end(); it++) {
-                if (it->second.npcID == npc->appearanceData.iNPCType) {
+                if (it->second.npcID == npc->type) {
                     taskID = it->second.limitTaskID;
                     missionID = Missions::Tasks[taskID]->task["m_iHMissionID"];
                     lastDist = dist;
@@ -977,11 +981,17 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
 
         // add first point at NPC's current location
         std::vector<BaseNPC*> pathPoints;
-        BaseNPC* marker = new BaseNPC(npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, 0, plr->instanceID, 1386, NPCManager::nextId--);
+        BaseNPC* marker = new BaseNPC(0, plr->instanceID, 1386, NPCManager::nextId--);
+
+        // assign coords manually, since we aren't actually adding markers to the world
+        marker->x = npc->x;
+        marker->y = npc->y;
+        marker->z = npc->z;
+
         pathPoints.push_back(marker);
         // map from player
         TableData::RunningNPCPaths[plr->iID] = std::make_pair(npc, pathPoints);
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) + " is now following you");
+        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->id) + " is now following you");
         updatePathMarkers(sock);
         return;
     }
@@ -998,7 +1008,12 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
 
     // /path kf
     if (args[1] == "kf") {
-        BaseNPC* marker = new BaseNPC(npc->x, npc->y, npc->z, 0, plr->instanceID, 1386, NPCManager::nextId--);
+        BaseNPC* marker = new BaseNPC(0, plr->instanceID, 1386, NPCManager::nextId--);
+
+        marker->x = npc->x;
+        marker->y = npc->y;
+        marker->z = npc->z;
+
         entry->second.push_back(marker);
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] Added keyframe");
         updatePathMarkers(sock);
@@ -1008,8 +1023,8 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
     // /path here
     if (args[1] == "here") {
         // bring the NPC to where the player is standing
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // delete transport queue
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->id); // delete transport queue
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
         npc->disappearFromViewOf(sock);
         npc->enterIntoViewOf(sock);
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] Come here");
@@ -1047,9 +1062,9 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
             speed = speedArg;
         }
         // return NPC to home
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // delete transport queue
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->id); // delete transport queue
         BaseNPC* home = entry->second[0];
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
         npc->disappearFromViewOf(sock);
         npc->enterIntoViewOf(sock);
 
@@ -1065,7 +1080,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
             Transport::lerp(&keyframes, from, to, speed); // lerp from A to B
             from = to; // update point A
         }
-        Transport::NPCQueues[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = keyframes;
+        Transport::NPCQueues[npc->id] = keyframes;
         entry->second.pop_back(); // remove temp end point
 
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] Testing NPC path");
@@ -1075,9 +1090,9 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
     // /path cancel
     if (args[1] == "cancel") {
         // return NPC to home
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // delete transport queue
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->id); // delete transport queue
         BaseNPC* home = entry->second[0];
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
         npc->disappearFromViewOf(sock);
         npc->enterIntoViewOf(sock);
         // deallocate markers
@@ -1087,7 +1102,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
         }
         // unmap
         TableData::RunningNPCPaths.erase(plr->iID);
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) + " is no longer following you");
+        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->id) + " is no longer following you");
         return;
     }
 
@@ -1115,9 +1130,9 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
         }
 
         // return NPC to home and set path to repeat
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // delete transport queue
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(npc->id); // delete transport queue
         BaseNPC* home = entry->second[0];
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, home->x, home->y, home->z, npc->instanceID, 0);
         npc->disappearFromViewOf(sock);
         npc->enterIntoViewOf(sock);
         npc->loopingPath = true;
@@ -1134,7 +1149,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
             Transport::lerp(&keyframes, from, to, speed); // lerp from A to B
             from = to; // update point A
         }
-        Transport::NPCQueues[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = keyframes;
+        Transport::NPCQueues[npc->id] = keyframes;
         entry->second.pop_back(); // remove temp end point
 
         // save to gruntwork
@@ -1161,7 +1176,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
         finishedPath.isLoop = true;
         finishedPath.speed = speed;
         finishedPath.points = finalPoints;
-        finishedPath.targetIDs.push_back(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID);
+        finishedPath.targetIDs.push_back(npc->id);
 
         TableData::FinishedNPCPaths.push_back(finishedPath);
 
@@ -1173,7 +1188,7 @@ static void pathCommand(std::string full, std::vector<std::string>& args, CNSock
         // unmap
         TableData::RunningNPCPaths.erase(plr->iID);
 
-        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) + " is no longer following you");
+        Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] NPC " + std::to_string(npc->id) + " is no longer following you");
 
         TableData::flush();
         Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, "[PATH] Path saved to gruntwork");

src/CustomCommands.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
 
+#include <string>
+
 namespace CustomCommands {
     void init();
 

src/Eggs.cpp

@@ -1,141 +1,78 @@
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
 #include "Eggs.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
 #include "Abilities.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
 using namespace Eggs;
 
-/// sock, CBFlag -> until
-std::map<std::pair<CNSocket*, int32_t>, time_t> Eggs::EggBuffs;
 std::unordered_map<int, EggType> Eggs::EggTypes;
 
-int Eggs::eggBuffPlayer(CNSocket* sock, int skillId, int eggId, int duration) {
+void Eggs::eggBuffPlayer(CNSocket* sock, int skillId, int eggId, int duration) {
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
 
-    int bitFlag = Groups::getGroupFlags(otherPlr);
+    // eggId might be 0 if the buff is made by the /buff command
-    int CBFlag = Nanos::applyBuff(sock, skillId, 1, 3, bitFlag);
+    EntityRef src = eggId == 0 ? sock : EntityRef(eggId);
     
-    size_t resplen; 
+    if(Abilities::SkillTable.count(skillId) == 0) {
-
+        std::cout << "[WARN] egg " << eggId << " has skill ID " << skillId << " which doesn't exist" << std::endl;
-    if (skillId == 183) {
+        return;
-        resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT) + sizeof(sSkillResult_Damage);
-    } else if (skillId == 150) {
-        resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT) + sizeof(sSkillResult_Heal_HP);
-    } else {
-        resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT) + sizeof(sSkillResult_Buff);
-    }
-    assert(resplen < CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE - 8);
-    // we know it's only one trailing struct, so we can skip full validation
-
-    uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
-    auto skillUse = (sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT*)respbuf;
-
-    if (skillId == 183) { // damage egg
-        auto skill = (sSkillResult_Damage*)(respbuf + sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT));
-        memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-        skill->eCT = 1;
-        skill->iID = plr->iID;
-        skill->iDamage = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) * Nanos::SkillTable[skillId].powerIntensity[0] / 1000;
-        plr->HP -= skill->iDamage;
-        if (plr->HP < 0)
-            plr->HP = 0;
-        skill->iHP = plr->HP;
-    } else if (skillId == 150) { // heal egg
-        auto skill = (sSkillResult_Heal_HP*)(respbuf + sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT));
-        memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-        skill->eCT = 1;
-        skill->iID = plr->iID;
-        skill->iHealHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) * Nanos::SkillTable[skillId].powerIntensity[0] / 1000;
-        plr->HP += skill->iHealHP;
-        if (plr->HP > PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level))
-            plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level);
-        skill->iHP = plr->HP;
-    } else { // regular buff egg
-        auto skill = (sSkillResult_Buff*)(respbuf + sizeof(sP_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT));
-        memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-        skill->eCT = 1;
-        skill->iID = plr->iID;
-        skill->iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag;
     }
 
-    skillUse->iNPC_ID = eggId;
+    SkillData* skill = &Abilities::SkillTable[skillId];
-    skillUse->iSkillID = skillId;
+    if(skill->drainType == SkillDrainType::PASSIVE) {
-    skillUse->eST = Nanos::SkillTable[skillId].skillType;
+        // apply buff
-    skillUse->iTargetCnt = 1;
+        if(skill->targetType != SkillTargetType::PLAYERS) {
+            std::cout << "[WARN] weird skill type for egg " << eggId << " with skill " << skillId << ", should be " << (int)skill->targetType << std::endl;
+        }
 
-    sock->sendPacket((void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT, resplen);
+        int timeBuffId = Abilities::getCSTBFromST(skill->skillType);
-    PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_NPC_SKILL_HIT, resplen);
+        int value = skill->values[0][0];
+        BuffStack eggBuff = {
+            duration * 1000 / MS_PER_PLAYER_TICK,
+            value,
+            src,
+            BuffClass::EGG
+        };
+        plr->addBuff(timeBuffId,
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack) {
+                Buffs::timeBuffUpdate(self, buff, status, stack);
+                if(status == ETBU_DEL) Buffs::timeBuffTimeout(self);
+            },
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, time_t currTime) {
+                // no-op
+            },
+            &eggBuff);
+    }
 
-    if (CBFlag == 0)
+    // use skill
-        return -1;
+    std::vector<ICombatant*> targets;
-
+    targets.push_back(dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(plr));
-    std::pair<CNSocket*, int32_t> key = std::make_pair(sock, CBFlag);
+    Abilities::useNPCSkill(src, skillId, targets);
-
-    // save the buff serverside;
-    // if you get the same buff again, new duration will override the previous one
-    time_t until = getTime() + (time_t)duration * 1000;
-    EggBuffs[key] = until;
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static void eggStep(CNServer* serv, time_t currTime) {
-    // tick buffs
-    time_t timeStamp = currTime;
-    auto it = EggBuffs.begin();
-    while (it != EggBuffs.end()) {
-        // check remaining time
-        if (it->second > timeStamp) {
-            it++;
-        } else { // if time reached 0
-            CNSocket* sock = it->first.first;
-            int32_t CBFlag = it->first.second;
-            Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-            Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
-
-            int groupFlags = Groups::getGroupFlags(otherPlr);
-            for (auto& pwr : Nanos::NanoPowers) {
-                if (pwr.bitFlag == CBFlag) { // pick the power with the right flag and unbuff
-                    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, resp);
-                    resp.eCSTB = pwr.timeBuffID;
-                    resp.eTBU = 2;
-                    resp.eTBT = 3; // for egg buffs
-                    plr->iConditionBitFlag &= ~CBFlag;
-                    resp.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag |= groupFlags | plr->iSelfConditionBitFlag;
-                    sock->sendPacket(resp, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE);
-
-                    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT, resp2); // send a buff timeout to other players
-                    resp2.eCT = 1;
-                    resp2.iID = plr->iID;
-                    resp2.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag;
-                    PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, resp2, P_FE2CL_CHAR_TIME_BUFF_TIME_OUT);
-                }
-            }
-            // remove buff from the map
-            it = EggBuffs.erase(it);
-        }
-    }
-
     // check dead eggs and eggs in inactive chunks
     for (auto npc : NPCManager::NPCs) {
-        if (npc.second->type != EntityType::EGG)
+        if (npc.second->kind != EntityKind::EGG)
             continue;
 
         auto egg = (Egg*)npc.second;
         if (!egg->dead || !Chunking::inPopulatedChunks(&egg->viewableChunks))
             continue;
 
-        if (egg->deadUntil <= timeStamp) {
+        if (egg->deadUntil <= currTime) {
             // respawn it
             egg->dead = false;
             egg->deadUntil = 0;
-            egg->appearanceData.iHP = 400;
+            egg->hp = 400;
             
             Chunking::addEntityToChunks(Chunking::getViewableChunks(egg->chunkPos), {npc.first});
         }
@@ -163,7 +100,7 @@ static void eggPickup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         return;
     }
     auto egg = (Egg*)eggRef.getEntity();
-    if (egg->type != EntityType::EGG) {
+    if (egg->kind != EntityKind::EGG) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] Player tried to open something other than an?!" << std::endl;
         return;
     }
@@ -180,7 +117,7 @@ static void eggPickup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     }
     */
 
-    int typeId = egg->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+    int typeId = egg->type;
     if (EggTypes.find(typeId) == EggTypes.end()) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] Egg Type " << typeId << " not found!" << std::endl;
         return;
@@ -188,16 +125,13 @@ static void eggPickup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     EggType* type = &EggTypes[typeId];
 
-    // buff the player
-    if (type->effectId != 0)
-        eggBuffPlayer(sock, type->effectId, eggRef.id, type->duration);
-
     /*
      * SHINY_PICKUP_SUCC is only causing a GUI effect in the client
      * (buff icon pops up in the bottom of the screen)
      * so we don't send it for non-effect
      */
     if (type->effectId != 0) {
+        eggBuffPlayer(sock, type->effectId, eggRef.id, type->duration);
         INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_SHINY_PICKUP_SUCC, resp);
         resp.iSkillID = type->effectId;
 
@@ -255,7 +189,7 @@ static void eggPickup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         Chunking::removeEntityFromChunks(Chunking::getViewableChunks(egg->chunkPos), eggRef);
         egg->dead = true;
         egg->deadUntil = getTime() + (time_t)type->regen * 1000;
-        egg->appearanceData.iHP = 0;
+        egg->hp = 0;
     }
 }
 

src/Eggs.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "Entities.hpp"
 
 struct EggType {
     int dropCrateId;
@@ -11,12 +10,10 @@ struct EggType {
 };
 
 namespace Eggs {
-    extern std::map<std::pair<CNSocket*, int32_t>, time_t> EggBuffs;
     extern std::unordered_map<int, EggType> EggTypes;
 
     void init();
 
-    /// returns -1 on fail
+    void eggBuffPlayer(CNSocket* sock, int skillId, int eggId, int duration);
-    int eggBuffPlayer(CNSocket* sock, int skillId, int eggId, int duration);
     void npcDataToEggData(int x, int y, int z, sNPCAppearanceData* npc, sShinyAppearanceData* egg);
 }

src/Email.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #include "Email.hpp"
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
 #include "Chat.hpp"
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ static void emailReceiveItemSingle(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     auto pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_RECV_EMAIL_ITEM*)data->buf;
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
-    if (pkt->iSlotNum < 0 || pkt->iSlotNum >= AINVEN_COUNT || pkt->iSlotNum < 1 || pkt->iSlotNum > 4)
+    if (pkt->iSlotNum < 0 || pkt->iSlotNum >= AINVEN_COUNT || pkt->iEmailItemSlot < 1 || pkt->iEmailItemSlot > 4)
         return; // sanity check
 
     // get email item from db and delete it
@@ -252,11 +252,26 @@ static void emailSend(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         if (attachment.ItemInven.iID == 0)
             continue;
 
+        sItemBase* item = &pkt->aItem[i].ItemInven;
+        sItemBase* real = &plr->Inven[attachment.iSlotNum];
+
         resp.aItem[i] = attachment;
         attachments.push_back(attachment.ItemInven);
         attSlots.push_back(attachment.iSlotNum);
-        // delete item
+        if (real->iOpt <= item->iOpt) // delete item (if they attached the whole stack)
-        plr->Inven[attachment.iSlotNum] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+            *real = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+        else // otherwise, decrement the item
+            real->iOpt -= item->iOpt;
+
+        // HACK: update the slot
+        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_ITEM_MOVE_SUCC, itemResp);
+        itemResp.iFromSlotNum = attachment.iSlotNum;
+        itemResp.iToSlotNum = attachment.iSlotNum;
+        itemResp.FromSlotItem = *real;
+        itemResp.ToSlotItem = *real;
+        itemResp.eFrom = (int32_t)Items::SlotType::INVENTORY;
+        itemResp.eTo = (int32_t)Items::SlotType::INVENTORY;
+        sock->sendPacket(itemResp, P_FE2CL_PC_ITEM_MOVE_SUCC);
     }
 
     int cost = pkt->iCash + 50 + 20 * attachments.size(); // attached taros + postage
@@ -276,7 +291,7 @@ static void emailSend(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         0 // DeleteTime (unimplemented)
     };
 
-    if (!Database::sendEmail(&email, attachments)) {
+    if (!Database::sendEmail(&email, attachments, plr)) {
         plr->money += cost; // give money back
         // give items back
         while (!attachments.empty()) {

src/Entities.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
 #include "Entities.hpp"
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Eggs.hpp"
-#include "MobAI.hpp"
 
-#include <type_traits>
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+
+#include <assert.h>
 
 static_assert(std::is_standard_layout<EntityRef>::value);
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<EntityRef>::value);
 
 EntityRef::EntityRef(CNSocket *s) {
-    type = EntityType::PLAYER;
+    kind = EntityKind::PLAYER;
     sock = s;
 }
 
@@ -20,11 +17,11 @@ EntityRef::EntityRef(int32_t i) {
     id = i;
 
     assert(NPCManager::NPCs.find(id) != NPCManager::NPCs.end());
-    type = NPCManager::NPCs[id]->type;
+    kind = NPCManager::NPCs[id]->kind;
 }
 
 bool EntityRef::isValid() const {
-    if (type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    if (kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
         return PlayerManager::players.find(sock) != PlayerManager::players.end();
 
     return NPCManager::NPCs.find(id) != NPCManager::NPCs.end();
@@ -33,21 +30,32 @@ bool EntityRef::isValid() const {
 Entity *EntityRef::getEntity() const {
     assert(isValid());
 
-    if (type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    if (kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
         return PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
     return NPCManager::NPCs[id];
 }
 
+sNPCAppearanceData BaseNPC::getAppearanceData() {
+    sNPCAppearanceData data = {};
+    data.iAngle = angle;
+    data.iBarkerType = 0; // unused?
+    data.iConditionBitFlag = cbf;
+    data.iHP = hp;
+    data.iNPCType = type;
+    data.iNPC_ID = id;
+    data.iX = x;
+    data.iY = y;
+    data.iZ = z;
+    return data;
+}
+
 /*
  * Entity coming into view.
  */
 void BaseNPC::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NPC_ENTER, pkt);
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData = appearanceData;
+    pkt.NPCAppearanceData = getAppearanceData();
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData.iX = x;
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData.iY = y;
-    pkt.NPCAppearanceData.iZ = z;
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_NPC_ENTER);
 }
 
@@ -56,7 +64,7 @@ void Bus::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
 
     // TODO: Potentially decouple this from BaseNPC?
     pkt.AppearanceData = {
-        3, appearanceData.iNPC_ID, appearanceData.iNPCType,
+        3, id, type,
         x, y, z
     };
 
@@ -66,28 +74,40 @@ void Bus::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
 void Egg::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_SHINY_ENTER, pkt);
 
-    Eggs::npcDataToEggData(x, y, z, &appearanceData, &pkt.ShinyAppearanceData);
+    // TODO: Potentially decouple this from BaseNPC?
+    pkt.ShinyAppearanceData = {
+        id, type, 0, // client doesn't care about map num
+        x, y, z
+    };
 
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_SHINY_ENTER);
 }
 
+sNano* Player::getActiveNano() {
+    return &Nanos[activeNano];
+}
+
+sPCAppearanceData Player::getAppearanceData() {
+    sPCAppearanceData data = {};
+    data.iID = iID;
+    data.iHP = HP;
+    data.iLv = level;
+    data.iX = x;
+    data.iY = y;
+    data.iZ = z;
+    data.iAngle = angle;
+    data.PCStyle = PCStyle;
+    data.Nano = Nanos[activeNano];
+    data.iPCState = iPCState;
+    data.iSpecialState = iSpecialState;
+    memcpy(data.ItemEquip, Equip, sizeof(sItemBase) * AEQUIP_COUNT);
+    return data;
+}
+
 // TODO: this is less effiecient than it was, because of memset()
 void Player::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_NEW, pkt);
-
+    pkt.PCAppearanceData = getAppearanceData();
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iID = iID;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iHP = HP;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iLv = level;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iX = x;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iY = y;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iZ = z;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iAngle = angle;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.PCStyle = PCStyle;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.Nano = Nanos[activeNano];
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iPCState = iPCState;
-    pkt.PCAppearanceData.iSpecialState = iSpecialState;
-    memcpy(pkt.PCAppearanceData.ItemEquip, Equip, sizeof(sItemBase) * AEQUIP_COUNT);
-
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_PC_NEW);
 }
 
@@ -96,20 +116,20 @@ void Player::enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
  */
 void BaseNPC::disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NPC_EXIT, pkt);
-    pkt.iNPC_ID = appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+    pkt.iNPC_ID = id;
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_NPC_EXIT);
 }
 
 void Bus::disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_EXIT, pkt);
     pkt.eTT = 3;
-    pkt.iT_ID = appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+    pkt.iT_ID = id;
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_EXIT);
 }
 
 void Egg::disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_SHINY_EXIT, pkt);
-    pkt.iShinyID = appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+    pkt.iShinyID = id;
     sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_SHINY_EXIT);
 }
 

src/Entities.hpp

@@ -1,23 +1,26 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
+
+#include "EntityRef.hpp"
+#include "Buffs.hpp"
 #include "Chunking.hpp"
+#include "Groups.hpp"
 
-#include <stdint.h>
 #include <set>
+#include <map>
+#include <functional>
 
-enum class EntityType : uint8_t {
+enum class AIState {
-    INVALID,
+    INACTIVE,
-    PLAYER,
+    ROAMING,
-    SIMPLE_NPC,
+    COMBAT,
-    COMBAT_NPC,
+    RETREAT,
-    MOB,
+    DEAD
-    EGG,
-    BUS
 };
 
 struct Entity {
-    EntityType type = EntityType::INVALID;
+    EntityKind kind = EntityKind::INVALID;
     int x = 0, y = 0, z = 0;
     uint64_t instanceID = 0;
     ChunkPos chunkPos = {};
@@ -26,47 +29,38 @@ struct Entity {
     // destructor must be virtual, apparently
     virtual ~Entity() {}
 
-    virtual bool isAlive() { return true; }
+    virtual bool isExtant() { return true; }
 
     // stubs
     virtual void enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) = 0;
     virtual void disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) = 0;
 };
 
-struct EntityRef {
+/*
-    EntityType type;
+ * Interfaces
-    union {
+ */
-        CNSocket *sock;
+class ICombatant {
-        int32_t id;
+public:
-    };
+    ICombatant() {}
+    virtual ~ICombatant() {}
 
-    EntityRef(CNSocket *s);
+    virtual bool addBuff(int, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*>, BuffCallback<time_t>, BuffStack*) = 0;
-    EntityRef(int32_t i);
+    virtual Buff* getBuff(int) = 0;
-
+    virtual void removeBuff(int) = 0;
-    bool isValid() const;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int, int) = 0;
-    Entity *getEntity() const;
+    virtual bool hasBuff(int) = 0;
-
+    virtual int getCompositeCondition() = 0;
-    bool operator==(const EntityRef& other) const {
+    virtual int takeDamage(EntityRef, int) = 0;
-        if (type != other.type)
+    virtual int heal(EntityRef, int) = 0;
-            return false;
+    virtual bool isAlive() = 0;
-
+    virtual int getCurrentHP() = 0;
-        if (type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+    virtual int getMaxHP() = 0;
-            return sock == other.sock;
+    virtual int getLevel() = 0;
-
+    virtual std::vector<EntityRef> getGroupMembers() = 0;
-        return id == other.id;
+    virtual int32_t getCharType() = 0;
-    }
+    virtual int32_t getID() = 0;
-
+    virtual EntityRef getRef() = 0;
-    // arbitrary ordering
+    virtual void step(time_t currTime) = 0;
-    bool operator<(const EntityRef& other) const {
-        if (type == other.type) {
-            if (type == EntityType::PLAYER)
-                return sock < other.sock;
-            else
-                return id < other.id;
-        }
-
-        return type < other.type;
-    }
 };
 
 /*
@@ -74,75 +68,101 @@ struct EntityRef {
  */
 class BaseNPC : public Entity {
 public:
-    sNPCAppearanceData appearanceData = {};
+    int id;
+    int type;
+    int hp;
+    int angle;
+    int cbf;
     bool loopingPath = false;
 
-    BaseNPC(int _X, int _Y, int _Z, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id) { // XXX
+    BaseNPC(int _A, uint64_t iID, int t, int _id) {
-        x = _X;
+        kind = EntityKind::SIMPLE_NPC;
-        y = _Y;
+        type = t;
-        z = _Z;
+        hp = 400;
-        appearanceData.iNPCType = t;
+        angle = _A;
-        appearanceData.iHP = 400;
+        cbf = 0;
-        appearanceData.iAngle = angle;
+        id = _id;
-        appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag = 0;
-        appearanceData.iBarkerType = 0;
-        appearanceData.iNPC_ID = id;
-
         instanceID = iID;
     };
 
     virtual void enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
     virtual void disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
+
+    sNPCAppearanceData getAppearanceData();
 };
 
-struct CombatNPC : public BaseNPC {
+struct CombatNPC : public BaseNPC, public ICombatant {
     int maxHealth = 0;
     int spawnX = 0;
     int spawnY = 0;
     int spawnZ = 0;
     int level = 0;
     int speed = 300;
+    AIState state = AIState::INACTIVE;
+    Group* group = nullptr;
+    int playersInView = 0; // for optimizing away AI in empty chunks
 
-    void (*_stepAI)(CombatNPC*, time_t) = nullptr;
+    std::map<AIState, void (*)(CombatNPC*, time_t)> stateHandlers;
+    std::map<AIState, void (*)(CombatNPC*, EntityRef)> transitionHandlers;
 
-    // XXX
+    CombatNPC(int x, int y, int z, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id, int maxHP)
-    CombatNPC(int x, int y, int z, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id, int maxHP) :
+        : BaseNPC(angle, iID, t, id), maxHealth(maxHP) {
-        BaseNPC(x, y, z, angle, iID, t, id),
+        spawnX = x;
-        maxHealth(maxHP) {}
+        spawnY = y;
+        spawnZ = z;
 
-    virtual void stepAI(time_t currTime) {
+        kind = EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC;
-        if (_stepAI != nullptr)
+
-            _stepAI(this, currTime);
+        stateHandlers[AIState::INACTIVE] = {};
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::INACTIVE] = {};
     }
 
-    virtual bool isAlive() override { return appearanceData.iHP > 0; }
+    virtual bool isExtant() override { return hp > 0; }
+
+    virtual bool addBuff(int buffId, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> onTick, BuffStack* stack) override;
+    virtual Buff* getBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int buffId, int buffClass) override;
+    virtual bool hasBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual int getCompositeCondition() override;
+    virtual int takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual int heal(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual bool isAlive() override;
+    virtual int getCurrentHP() override;
+    virtual int getMaxHP() override;
+    virtual int getLevel() override;
+    virtual std::vector<EntityRef> getGroupMembers() override;
+    virtual int32_t getCharType() override;
+    virtual int32_t getID() override;
+    virtual EntityRef getRef() override;
+    virtual void step(time_t currTime) override;
+
+    virtual void transition(AIState newState, EntityRef src);
 };
 
 // Mob is in MobAI.hpp, Player is in Player.hpp
 
-// TODO: decouple from BaseNPC
 struct Egg : public BaseNPC {
     bool summoned = false;
     bool dead = false;
     time_t deadUntil;
 
-    Egg(int x, int y, int z, uint64_t iID, int t, int32_t id, bool summon)
+    Egg(uint64_t iID, int t, int32_t id, bool summon)
-        : BaseNPC(x, y, z, 0, iID, t, id) {
+        : BaseNPC(0, iID, t, id) {
         summoned = summon;
-        type = EntityType::EGG;
+        kind = EntityKind::EGG;
     }
 
-    virtual bool isAlive() override { return !dead; }
+    virtual bool isExtant() override { return !dead; }
 
     virtual void enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
     virtual void disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
 };
 
-// TODO: decouple from BaseNPC
 struct Bus : public BaseNPC {
-    Bus(int x, int y, int z, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id) :
+    Bus(int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, int id) :
-        BaseNPC(x, y, z, angle, iID, t, id) {
+        BaseNPC(angle, iID, t, id) {
-        type = EntityType::BUS;
+        kind = EntityKind::BUS;
         loopingPath = true;
     }
 

src/EntityRef.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+
+/* forward declaration(s) */
+struct Entity;
+
+enum EntityKind {
+    INVALID,
+    PLAYER,
+    SIMPLE_NPC,
+    COMBAT_NPC,
+    MOB,
+    EGG,
+    BUS
+};
+
+struct EntityRef {
+    EntityKind kind;
+    union {
+        CNSocket *sock;
+        int32_t id;
+    };
+
+    EntityRef(CNSocket *s);
+    EntityRef(int32_t i);
+
+    bool isValid() const;
+    Entity *getEntity() const;
+
+    bool operator==(const EntityRef& other) const {
+        if (kind != other.kind)
+            return false;
+
+        if (kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
+            return sock == other.sock;
+
+        return id == other.id;
+    }
+
+    bool operator!=(const EntityRef& other) const {
+        return !(*this == other);
+    }
+
+    // arbitrary ordering
+    bool operator<(const EntityRef& other) const {
+        if (kind == other.kind) {
+            if (kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
+                return sock < other.sock;
+            else
+                return id < other.id;
+        }
+
+        return kind < other.kind;
+    }
+};

src/Groups.cpp

@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Groups.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Abilities.hpp"
 
-#include <iostream>
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include <chrono>
+
-#include <algorithm>
+#include "Player.hpp"
-#include <thread>
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
 
 /*
  * NOTE: Variadic response packets that list group members are technically
@@ -19,22 +16,177 @@
 
 using namespace Groups;
 
+Group::Group(EntityRef leader) {
+    addToGroup(this, leader);
+}
+
+static void attachGroupData(std::vector<EntityRef>& pcs, std::vector<EntityRef>& npcs, uint8_t* pivot) {
+    for(EntityRef pcRef : pcs) {
+        sPCGroupMemberInfo* info = (sPCGroupMemberInfo*)pivot;
+
+        Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(pcRef.sock);
+        info->iPC_ID = plr->iID;
+        info->iPCUID = plr->PCStyle.iPC_UID;
+        info->iNameCheck = plr->PCStyle.iNameCheck;
+        memcpy(info->szFirstName, plr->PCStyle.szFirstName, sizeof(plr->PCStyle.szFirstName));
+        memcpy(info->szLastName, plr->PCStyle.szLastName, sizeof(plr->PCStyle.szLastName));
+        info->iSpecialState = plr->iSpecialState;
+        info->iLv = plr->level;
+        info->iHP = plr->HP;
+        info->iMaxHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level);
+        // info->iMapType = 0;
+        // info->iMapNum = 0;
+        info->iX = plr->x;
+        info->iY = plr->y;
+        info->iZ = plr->z;
+        if(plr->activeNano > 0) {
+            info->Nano = *plr->getActiveNano();
+            info->bNano = true;
+        }
+
+        pivot = (uint8_t*)(info + 1);
+    }
+    for(EntityRef npcRef : npcs) {
+        sNPCGroupMemberInfo* info = (sNPCGroupMemberInfo*)pivot;
+
+        // probably should not assume that the combatant is an
+        // entity, but it works for now
+        BaseNPC* npc = (BaseNPC*)npcRef.getEntity();
+        info->iNPC_ID = npcRef.id;
+        info->iNPC_Type = npc->type;
+        info->iHP = npc->hp;
+        info->iX = npc->x;
+        info->iY = npc->y;
+        info->iZ = npc->z;
+
+        pivot = (uint8_t*)(info + 1);
+    }
+}
+
+void Groups::addToGroup(Group* group, EntityRef member) {
+    if (member.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
+        Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(member.sock);
+        plr->group = group;
+    }
+    else if (member.kind == EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC) {
+        CombatNPC* npc = (CombatNPC*)member.getEntity();
+        npc->group = group;
+    }
+    else {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Adding a weird entity type to a group" << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    group->members.push_back(member);
+
+    if(member.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
+        std::vector<EntityRef> pcs = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
+        std::vector<EntityRef> npcs = group->filter(EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC);
+        size_t pcCount = pcs.size();
+        size_t npcCount = npcs.size();
+
+        uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        memset(respbuf, 0, CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE);
+        sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN* pkt = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN*)respbuf;
+
+        pkt->iID_NewMember = PlayerManager::getPlayer(member.sock)->iID;
+        pkt->iMemberPCCnt = (int32_t)pcCount;
+        pkt->iMemberNPCCnt = (int32_t)npcCount;
+
+        if(!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN), pcCount, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))
+            || !validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo), npcCount, sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
+            std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN packet size" << std::endl;
+        } else {
+            uint8_t* pivot = (uint8_t*)(pkt + 1);
+            attachGroupData(pcs, npcs, pivot);
+            // PC_GROUP_JOIN_SUCC and PC_GROUP_JOIN carry identical payloads but have different IDs
+            // (and the client does care!) so we need to send one to the new member
+            // and the other to the rest
+            size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo) + npcCount * sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo);
+            member.sock->sendPacket(respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN_SUCC, resplen);
+            sendToGroup(group, member, respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN, resplen);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool Groups::removeFromGroup(Group* group, EntityRef member) {
+    if (member.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
+        Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(member.sock);
+        plr->group = nullptr; // no dangling pointers here muahaahahah
+
+        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, leavePkt);
+        member.sock->sendPacket(leavePkt, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC);
+    }
+    else if (member.kind == EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC) {
+        CombatNPC* npc = (CombatNPC*)member.getEntity();
+        npc->group = nullptr;
+    }
+    else {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Removing a weird entity type from a group" << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    auto it = std::find(group->members.begin(), group->members.end(), member);
+    if (it == group->members.end()) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Tried to remove a member that isn't in the group" << std::endl;
+    } else {
+        group->members.erase(it);
+    }
+
+    if(member.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER) {
+        std::vector<EntityRef> pcs = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
+        std::vector<EntityRef> npcs = group->filter(EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC);
+        size_t pcCount = pcs.size();
+        size_t npcCount = npcs.size();
+
+        uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        memset(respbuf, 0, CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE);
+        sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE* pkt = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE*)respbuf;
+
+        pkt->iID_LeaveMember = PlayerManager::getPlayer(member.sock)->iID;
+        pkt->iMemberPCCnt = (int32_t)pcCount;
+        pkt->iMemberNPCCnt = (int32_t)npcCount;
+
+        if(!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE), pcCount, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))
+            || !validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo), npcCount, sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
+            std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE packet size" << std::endl;
+        } else {
+            uint8_t* pivot = (uint8_t*)(pkt + 1);
+            attachGroupData(pcs, npcs, pivot);
+            sendToGroup(group, respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE,
+                sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo) + npcCount * sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (group->members.size() == 1) {
+        return removeFromGroup(group, group->members.back());
+    }
+
+    if (group->members.empty()) {
+        delete group; // cleanup memory
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void Groups::disbandGroup(Group* group) {
+    // remove everyone from the group!!
+    bool done = false;
+    while(!done) {
+        EntityRef back = group->members.back();
+        done = removeFromGroup(group, back);
+    }
+}
+
 static void requestGroup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_GROUP_INVITE* recv = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_PC_GROUP_INVITE*)data->buf;
 
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
     Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(recv->iID_To);
 
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
-
-    otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(otherPlr->iIDGroup);
-
     if (otherPlr == nullptr)
         return;
 
     // fail if the group is full or the other player is already in a group
-    if (plr->groupCnt >= 4 || otherPlr->iIDGroup != otherPlr->iID || otherPlr->groupCnt > 1) {
+    if ((plr->group != nullptr && plr->group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER).size() >= 4) || otherPlr->group != nullptr) {
         INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_INVITE_FAIL, resp);
         sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_INVITE_FAIL, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_INVITE_FAIL));
         return;
@@ -75,255 +227,80 @@ static void joinGroup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(recv->iID_From);
 
     if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
+        return; // disconnect or something
 
-    otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(otherPlr->iIDGroup);
+    int size = otherPlr->group == nullptr ? 1 : otherPlr->group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER).size();
-
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
 
     // fail if the group is full or the other player is already in a group
-    if (plr->groupCnt > 1 || plr->iIDGroup != plr->iID || otherPlr->groupCnt >= 4) {
+    if (plr->group != nullptr || size + 1 > 4) {
         INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN_FAIL, resp);
         sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN_FAIL, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN_FAIL));
         return;
     }
 
-    if (!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN), otherPlr->groupCnt + 1, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
+    if (otherPlr->group == nullptr) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN packet size\n";
+        // create group
-        return;
+        EntityRef otherPlrRef = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(recv->iID_From);
+        otherPlr->group = new Group(otherPlrRef);
     }
-
+    addToGroup(otherPlr->group, sock);
-    plr->iIDGroup = otherPlr->iID;
-    otherPlr->groupCnt += 1;
-    otherPlr->groupIDs[otherPlr->groupCnt-1] = plr->iID;
-
-    size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN) + otherPlr->groupCnt * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo);
-    uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
-
-    memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-
-    sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN *resp = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN*)respbuf;
-    sPCGroupMemberInfo *respdata = (sPCGroupMemberInfo*)(respbuf+sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN));
-
-    resp->iID_NewMember = plr->iID;
-    resp->iMemberPCCnt = otherPlr->groupCnt;
-
-    int bitFlag = getGroupFlags(otherPlr);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < otherPlr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        Player* varPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(otherPlr->groupIDs[i]);
-        CNSocket* sockTo = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(otherPlr->groupIDs[i]);
-
-        if (varPlr == nullptr || sockTo == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        respdata[i].iPC_ID = varPlr->iID;
-        respdata[i].iPCUID = varPlr->PCStyle.iPC_UID;
-        respdata[i].iNameCheck = varPlr->PCStyle.iNameCheck;
-        memcpy(respdata[i].szFirstName, varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName));
-        memcpy(respdata[i].szLastName, varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName));
-        respdata[i].iSpecialState = varPlr->iSpecialState;
-        respdata[i].iLv = varPlr->level;
-        respdata[i].iHP = varPlr->HP;
-        respdata[i].iMaxHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(varPlr->level);
-        //respdata[i].iMapType = 0;
-        //respdata[i].iMapNum = 0;
-        respdata[i].iX = varPlr->x;
-        respdata[i].iY = varPlr->y;
-        respdata[i].iZ = varPlr->z;
-        // client doesnt read nano data here
-
-        if (varPlr != plr) { // apply the new member's buffs to the group and the group's buffs to the new member
-            if (Nanos::SkillTable[varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID].targetType == 3)
-                Nanos::applyBuff(sock, varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID, 1, 1, bitFlag);
-            if (Nanos::SkillTable[plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID].targetType == 3)
-                Nanos::applyBuff(sockTo, plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID, 1, 1, bitFlag);
-        }
-    }
-
-    sendToGroup(otherPlr, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN, resplen);
 }
 
 static void leaveGroup(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-    groupKickPlayer(plr);
+    groupKick(plr->group, sock);
 }
 
-void Groups::sendToGroup(Player* plr, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
+void Groups::sendToGroup(Group* group, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < plr->groupCnt; i++) {
+    auto players = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
-        CNSocket* sock = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(plr->groupIDs[i]);
+    for (EntityRef ref : players) {
-
+        ref.sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
-        if (sock == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        if (type == P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC) {
-            Player* leavingPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
-            leavingPlr->iIDGroup = leavingPlr->iID;
-        }
-
-        sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
     }
 }
 
-void Groups::groupTickInfo(Player* plr) {
+void Groups::sendToGroup(Group* group, EntityRef excluded, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
-    if (!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO), plr->groupCnt, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
+    auto players = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
-        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_JOIN packet size\n";
+    for (EntityRef ref : players) {
-        return;
+        if(ref != excluded) ref.sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
+    }
 }
 
-    size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO) + plr->groupCnt * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo);
+void Groups::groupTickInfo(CNSocket* sock) {
+    Player* plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
+    Group* group = plr->group;
+    std::vector<EntityRef> pcs = group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
+    std::vector<EntityRef> npcs = group->filter(EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC);
+    size_t pcCount = pcs.size();
+    size_t npcCount = npcs.size();
+
     uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
+    memset(respbuf, 0, CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE);
+    sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO* pkt = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO*)respbuf;
 
-    memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
+    pkt->iID = plr->iID;
+    pkt->iMemberPCCnt = (int32_t)pcCount;
+    pkt->iMemberNPCCnt = (int32_t)npcCount;
 
-    sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO *resp = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO*)respbuf;
+    if(!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO), pcCount, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))
-    sPCGroupMemberInfo *respdata = (sPCGroupMemberInfo*)(respbuf+sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO));
+        || !validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo), npcCount, sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
-
+        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO packet size" << std::endl;
-    resp->iID = plr->iID;
+    } else {
-    resp->iMemberPCCnt = plr->groupCnt;
+        uint8_t* pivot = (uint8_t*)(pkt + 1);
-
+        attachGroupData(pcs, npcs, pivot);
-    for (int i = 0; i < plr->groupCnt; i++) {
+        sock->sendPacket(respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO,
-        Player* varPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->groupIDs[i]);
+            sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO) + pcCount * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo) + npcCount * sizeof(sNPCGroupMemberInfo));
-
-        if (varPlr == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        respdata[i].iPC_ID = varPlr->iID;
-        respdata[i].iPCUID = varPlr->PCStyle.iPC_UID;
-        respdata[i].iNameCheck = varPlr->PCStyle.iNameCheck;
-        memcpy(respdata[i].szFirstName, varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName));
-        memcpy(respdata[i].szLastName, varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName));
-        respdata[i].iSpecialState = varPlr->iSpecialState;
-        respdata[i].iLv = varPlr->level;
-        respdata[i].iHP = varPlr->HP;
-        respdata[i].iMaxHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(varPlr->level);
-        //respdata[i].iMapType = 0;
-        //respdata[i].iMapNum = 0;
-        respdata[i].iX = varPlr->x;
-        respdata[i].iY = varPlr->y;
-        respdata[i].iZ = varPlr->z;
-        if (varPlr->activeNano > 0) {
-            respdata[i].bNano = 1;
-            respdata[i].Nano = varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano];
     }
 }
 
-    sendToGroup(plr, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_MEMBER_INFO, resplen);
+void Groups::groupKick(Group* group, EntityRef ref) {
-}
 
-static void groupUnbuff(Player* plr) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < plr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        for (int n = 0; n < plr->groupCnt; n++) {
-            if (i == n)
-                continue;
-
-            Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->groupIDs[i]);
-            CNSocket* sock = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(plr->groupIDs[n]);
-
-            Nanos::applyBuff(sock, otherPlr->Nanos[otherPlr->activeNano].iSkillID, 2, 1, 0);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void Groups::groupKickPlayer(Player* plr) {
     // if you are the group leader, destroy your own group and kick everybody
-    if (plr->iID == plr->iIDGroup) {
+    if (group->members[0] == ref) {
-        groupUnbuff(plr);
+        disbandGroup(group);
-        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, resp1);
-        sendToGroup(plr, (void*)&resp1, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC));
-        plr->groupCnt = 1;
         return;
     }
 
-    Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
+    removeFromGroup(group, ref);
-
-    if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-        return;
-
-    if (!validOutVarPacket(sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE), otherPlr->groupCnt - 1, sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo))) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE packet size\n";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    size_t resplen = sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE) + (otherPlr->groupCnt - 1) * sizeof(sPCGroupMemberInfo);
-    uint8_t respbuf[CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
-
-    memset(respbuf, 0, resplen);
-
-    sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE *resp = (sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE*)respbuf;
-    sPCGroupMemberInfo *respdata = (sPCGroupMemberInfo*)(respbuf+sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE));
-
-    resp->iID_LeaveMember = plr->iID;
-    resp->iMemberPCCnt = otherPlr->groupCnt - 1;
-
-    int bitFlag = getGroupFlags(otherPlr) & ~plr->iGroupConditionBitFlag;
-    int moveDown = 0;
-
-    CNSocket* sock = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(plr->iID);
-
-    if (sock == nullptr)
-        return;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < otherPlr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        Player* varPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(otherPlr->groupIDs[i]);
-        CNSocket* sockTo = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(otherPlr->groupIDs[i]);
-
-        if (varPlr == nullptr || sockTo == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        if (moveDown == 1)
-            otherPlr->groupIDs[i-1] = otherPlr->groupIDs[i];
-
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iPC_ID = varPlr->iID;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iPCUID = varPlr->PCStyle.iPC_UID;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iNameCheck = varPlr->PCStyle.iNameCheck;
-        memcpy(respdata[i-moveDown].szFirstName, varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szFirstName));
-        memcpy(respdata[i-moveDown].szLastName, varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName, sizeof(varPlr->PCStyle.szLastName));
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iSpecialState = varPlr->iSpecialState;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iLv = varPlr->level;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iHP = varPlr->HP;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iMaxHP = PC_MAXHEALTH(varPlr->level);
-        // respdata[i-moveDown]].iMapType = 0;
-        // respdata[i-moveDown]].iMapNum = 0;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iX = varPlr->x;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iY = varPlr->y;
-        respdata[i-moveDown].iZ = varPlr->z;
-        // client doesnt read nano data here
-
-        if (varPlr == plr) {
-            moveDown = 1;
-            otherPlr->groupIDs[i] = 0;
-        } else { // remove the leaving member's buffs from the group and remove the group buffs from the leaving member.
-            if (Nanos::SkillTable[varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID].targetType == 3)
-                Nanos::applyBuff(sock, varPlr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID, 2, 1, 0);
-            if (Nanos::SkillTable[plr->Nanos[varPlr->activeNano].iSkillID].targetType == 3)
-                Nanos::applyBuff(sockTo, plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID, 2, 1, bitFlag);
-        }
-    }
-
-    plr->iIDGroup = plr->iID;
-    otherPlr->groupCnt -= 1;
-
-    sendToGroup(otherPlr, (void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE, resplen);
-
-    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, resp1);
-    sock->sendPacket((void*)&resp1, P_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_PC_GROUP_LEAVE_SUCC));
-}
-
-int Groups::getGroupFlags(Player* plr) {
-    int bitFlag = 0;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < plr->groupCnt; i++) {
-        Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->groupIDs[i]);
-
-        if (otherPlr == nullptr)
-            continue;
-
-        bitFlag |= otherPlr->iGroupConditionBitFlag;
-    }
-
-    return bitFlag;
 }
 
 void Groups::init() {

src/Groups.hpp

@@ -1,17 +1,32 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "Player.hpp"
+#include "EntityRef.hpp"
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 
-#include <map>
+#include <vector>
-#include <list>
+
+struct Group {
+    std::vector<EntityRef> members;
+
+    std::vector<EntityRef> filter(EntityKind kind) {
+        std::vector<EntityRef> filtered;
+        std::copy_if(members.begin(), members.end(), std::back_inserter(filtered), [kind](EntityRef e) {
+            return e.kind == kind;
+            });
+        return filtered;
+    }
+
+    Group(EntityRef leader);
+};
 
 namespace Groups {
     void init();
 
-    void sendToGroup(Player* plr, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
+    void sendToGroup(Group* group, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
-    void groupTickInfo(Player* plr);
+    void sendToGroup(Group* group, EntityRef excluded, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
-    void groupKickPlayer(Player* plr);
+    void groupTickInfo(CNSocket* sock);
-    int getGroupFlags(Player* plr);
+
+    void groupKick(Group* group, EntityRef ref);
+    void addToGroup(Group* group, EntityRef member);
+    bool removeFromGroup(Group* group, EntityRef member); // true iff group deleted
+    void disbandGroup(Group* group);
 }

src/Items.cpp

@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "Abilities.hpp"
-#include "Missions.hpp"
 #include "Eggs.hpp"
-#include "Rand.hpp"
+#include "MobAI.hpp"
+#include "Missions.hpp"
+#include "Buffs.hpp"
 
 #include <string.h> // for memset()
 #include <assert.h>
+#include <numeric>
 
 using namespace Items;
 
@@ -482,27 +485,31 @@ static void itemUseHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp->eST = EST_NANOSTIMPAK;
     resp->iSkillID = 144;
 
-    int value1 = CSB_BIT_STIMPAKSLOT1 << request->iNanoSlot;
+    int eCSB = ECSB_STIMPAKSLOT1 + request->iNanoSlot;
-    int value2 = ECSB_STIMPAKSLOT1 + request->iNanoSlot;
 
     respdata->eCT = 1;
     respdata->iID = player->iID;
-    respdata->iConditionBitFlag = value1;
+    respdata->iConditionBitFlag = CSB_FROM_ECSB(eCSB);
 
-    INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, pkt);
+    int durationMilliseconds = Abilities::SkillTable[144].durationTime[0] * 100;
-    pkt.eCSTB = value2; // eCharStatusTimeBuffID
+    BuffStack gumballBuff = {
-    pkt.eTBU = 1; // eTimeBuffUpdate
+        durationMilliseconds / MS_PER_PLAYER_TICK,
-    pkt.eTBT = 1; // eTimeBuffType 1 means nano
+        0,
-    pkt.iConditionBitFlag = player->iConditionBitFlag |= value1;
+        sock,
-    sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE);
+        BuffClass::CASH_ITEM // or BuffClass::ITEM?
+    };
+    player->addBuff(eCSB,
+        [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack) {
+            Buffs::timeBuffUpdate(self, buff, status, stack);
+        },
+        [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, time_t currTime) {
+            // no-op
+        },
+        &gumballBuff);
 
     sock->sendPacket((void*)&respbuf, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_ITEM_USE_SUCC, resplen);
     // update inventory serverside
     player->Inven[resp->iSlotNum] = resp->RemainItem;
-
-    std::pair<CNSocket*, int32_t> key = std::make_pair(sock, value1);
-    time_t until = getTime() + (time_t)Nanos::SkillTable[144].durationTime[0] * 100;
-    Eggs::EggBuffs[key] = until;
 }
 
 static void itemBankOpenHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
@@ -755,7 +762,7 @@ static void giveSingleDrop(CNSocket *sock, Mob* mob, int mobDropId, const DropRo
     if (rolled.taros % miscDropChance.taroDropChanceTotal < miscDropChance.taroDropChance) {
         plr->money += miscDropType.taroAmount;
         // money nano boost
-        if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_REWARD_CASH) {
+        if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_REWARD_CASH)) {
             int boost = 0;
             if (Nanos::getNanoBoost(plr)) // for gumballs
                 boost = 1;
@@ -770,7 +777,7 @@ static void giveSingleDrop(CNSocket *sock, Mob* mob, int mobDropId, const DropRo
         if (levelDifference > 0)
             fm = levelDifference < 10 ? fm - (levelDifference * fm / 10) : 0;
         // scavenger nano boost
-        if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_REWARD_BLOB) {
+        if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_REWARD_BLOB)) {
             int boost = 0;
             if (Nanos::getNanoBoost(plr)) // for gumballs
                 boost = 1;
@@ -822,12 +829,12 @@ static void giveSingleDrop(CNSocket *sock, Mob* mob, int mobDropId, const DropRo
 
 void Items::giveMobDrop(CNSocket *sock, Mob* mob, const DropRoll& rolled, const DropRoll& eventRolled) {
     // sanity check
-    if (Items::MobToDropMap.find(mob->appearanceData.iNPCType) == Items::MobToDropMap.end()) {
+    if (Items::MobToDropMap.find(mob->type) == Items::MobToDropMap.end()) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] Mob ID " << mob->appearanceData.iNPCType << " has no drops assigned" << std::endl;
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Mob ID " << mob->type << " has no drops assigned" << std::endl;
         return;
     }
     // find mob drop id
-    int mobDropId = Items::MobToDropMap[mob->appearanceData.iNPCType];
+    int mobDropId = Items::MobToDropMap[mob->type];
 
     giveSingleDrop(sock, mob, mobDropId, rolled);
 

src/Items.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+
 #include "Player.hpp"
-#include "MobAI.hpp"
 #include "Rand.hpp"
+#include "MobAI.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
 
 struct CrocPotEntry {
     int multStats, multLooks;

src/Missions.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
 
-#include "string.h"
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
+#include "Nanos.hpp"
 
 using namespace Missions;
 
@@ -164,14 +163,14 @@ static int giveMissionReward(CNSocket *sock, int task, int choice=0) {
 
     // update player
     plr->money += reward->money;
-    if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_REWARD_CASH) { // nano boost for taros
+    if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_REWARD_CASH)) { // nano boost for taros
         int boost = 0;
         if (Nanos::getNanoBoost(plr)) // for gumballs
             boost = 1;
         plr->money += reward->money * (5 + boost) / 25;
     }
 
-    if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_REWARD_BLOB) { // nano boost for fm
+    if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_REWARD_BLOB)) { // nano boost for fm
         int boost = 0;
         if (Nanos::getNanoBoost(plr)) // for gumballs
             boost = 1;
@@ -367,15 +366,15 @@ static void taskStart(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sock->sendPacket((void*)&response, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_TASK_START_SUCC, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_TASK_START_SUCC));
 
     // if escort task, assign matching paths to all nearby NPCs
-    if (task["m_iHTaskType"] == 6) {
+    if (task["m_iHTaskType"] == (int)eTaskTypeProperty::EscortDefence) {
         for (ChunkPos& chunkPos : Chunking::getChunksInMap(plr->instanceID)) { // check all NPCs in the instance
             Chunk* chunk = Chunking::chunks[chunkPos];
             for (EntityRef ref : chunk->entities) {
-                if (ref.type != EntityType::PLAYER) {
+                if (ref.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER) {
                     BaseNPC* npc = (BaseNPC*)ref.getEntity();
-                    NPCPath* path = Transport::findApplicablePath(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->appearanceData.iNPCType, missionData->iTaskNum);
+                    NPCPath* path = Transport::findApplicablePath(npc->id, npc->type, missionData->iTaskNum);
                     if (path != nullptr) {
-                        Transport::constructPathNPC(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, path);
+                        Transport::constructPathNPC(npc->id, path);
                         return;
                     }
                 }
@@ -399,7 +398,7 @@ static void taskEnd(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
          * once we comb over mission logic more throughly
          */
         bool mobsAreKilled = false;
-        if (task->task["m_iHTaskType"] == 5) {
+        if (task->task["m_iHTaskType"] == (int)eTaskTypeProperty::Defeat) {
             mobsAreKilled = true;
             for (int i = 0; i < ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT; i++) {
                 if (plr->tasks[i] == missionData->iTaskNum) {

src/Missions.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "JSON.hpp"
+
 #include "Player.hpp"
 
-#include "JSON.hpp"
+#include <map>
 
 struct Reward {
     int32_t id;

src/MobAI.hpp

@@ -1,25 +1,27 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "JSON.hpp"
 
-enum class MobState {
+#include "Entities.hpp"
-    INACTIVE,
+
-    ROAMING,
+#include <unordered_map>
-    COMBAT,
+#include <string>
-    RETREAT,
-    DEAD
-};
 
 namespace MobAI {
-    // needs to be declared before Mob's constructor
+    void deadStep(CombatNPC* self, time_t currTime);
-    void step(CombatNPC*, time_t);
+    void combatStep(CombatNPC* self, time_t currTime);
-};
+    void roamingStep(CombatNPC* self, time_t currTime);
+    void retreatStep(CombatNPC* self, time_t currTime);
+
+    void onRoamStart(CombatNPC* self, EntityRef src);
+    void onCombatStart(CombatNPC* self, EntityRef src);
+    void onRetreat(CombatNPC* self, EntityRef src);
+    void onDeath(CombatNPC* self, EntityRef src);
+}
 
 struct Mob : public CombatNPC {
     // general
-    MobState state = MobState::INACTIVE;
-
     std::unordered_map<int32_t,time_t> unbuffTimes = {};
 
     // dead
@@ -47,16 +49,13 @@ struct Mob : public CombatNPC {
     int offsetX = 0, offsetY = 0;
     int groupMember[4] = {};
 
-    // for optimizing away AI in empty chunks
-    int playersInView = 0;
-
     // temporary; until we're sure what's what
     nlohmann::json data = {};
 
     Mob(int x, int y, int z, int angle, uint64_t iID, int t, nlohmann::json d, int32_t id)
         : CombatNPC(x, y, z, angle, iID, t, id, d["m_iHP"]),
           sightRange(d["m_iSightRange"]) {
-        state = MobState::ROAMING;
+        state = AIState::ROAMING;
 
         data = d;
 
@@ -65,20 +64,30 @@ struct Mob : public CombatNPC {
         idleRange = (int)data["m_iIdleRange"];
         level = data["m_iNpcLevel"];
 
-        roamX = spawnX = x;
+        roamX = x;
-        roamY = spawnY = y;
+        roamY = y;
-        roamZ = spawnZ = z;
+        roamZ = z;
 
         offsetX = 0;
         offsetY = 0;
 
-        appearanceData.iConditionBitFlag = 0;
+        cbf = 0;
 
         // NOTE: there appear to be discrepancies in the dump
-        appearanceData.iHP = maxHealth;
+        hp = maxHealth;
 
-        type = EntityType::MOB;
+        kind = EntityKind::MOB;
-        _stepAI = MobAI::step;
+
+        // AI
+        stateHandlers[AIState::DEAD] = MobAI::deadStep;
+        stateHandlers[AIState::COMBAT] = MobAI::combatStep;
+        stateHandlers[AIState::ROAMING] = MobAI::roamingStep;
+        stateHandlers[AIState::RETREAT] = MobAI::retreatStep;
+
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::DEAD] = MobAI::onDeath;
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::COMBAT] = MobAI::onCombatStart;
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::ROAMING] = MobAI::onRoamStart;
+        transitionHandlers[AIState::RETREAT] = MobAI::onRetreat;
     }
 
     // constructor for /summon
@@ -89,6 +98,9 @@ struct Mob : public CombatNPC {
 
     ~Mob() {}
 
+    virtual int takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual void step(time_t currTime) override;
+
     auto operator[](std::string s) {
         return data[s];
     }
@@ -103,5 +115,4 @@ namespace MobAI {
     void clearDebuff(Mob *mob);
     void followToCombat(Mob *mob);
     void groupRetreat(Mob *mob);
-    void enterCombat(CNSocket *sock, Mob *mob);
 }

src/NPC.hpp

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
-#include "Entities.hpp"

src/NPCManager.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
 #include "settings.hpp"
 #include "Combat.hpp"
@@ -20,8 +24,6 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 
-#include "JSON.hpp"
-
 using namespace NPCManager;
 
 std::unordered_map<int32_t, BaseNPC*> NPCManager::NPCs;
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ void NPCManager::destroyNPC(int32_t id) {
 
 void NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(int32_t id, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I, int angle) {
     BaseNPC* npc = NPCs[id];
-    npc->appearanceData.iAngle = angle;
+    npc->angle = angle;
     ChunkPos oldChunk = npc->chunkPos;
     ChunkPos newChunk = Chunking::chunkPosAt(X, Y, I);
     npc->x = X;
@@ -79,11 +81,11 @@ void NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(int32_t id, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I,
     Chunking::updateEntityChunk({id}, oldChunk, newChunk);
 }
 
-void NPCManager::sendToViewable(BaseNPC *npc, void *buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
+void NPCManager::sendToViewable(Entity *npc, void *buf, uint32_t type, size_t size) {
     for (auto it = npc->viewableChunks.begin(); it != npc->viewableChunks.end(); it++) {
         Chunk* chunk = *it;
         for (const EntityRef& ref : chunk->entities) {
-            if (ref.type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ref.kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 ref.sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
         }
     }
@@ -122,7 +124,6 @@ static void npcUnsummonHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 // type must already be checked and updateNPCPosition() must be called on the result
 BaseNPC *NPCManager::summonNPC(int x, int y, int z, uint64_t instance, int type, bool respawn, bool baseInstance) {
     uint64_t inst = baseInstance ? MAPNUM(instance) : instance;
-#define EXTRA_HEIGHT 0
 
     //assert(nextId < INT32_MAX);
     int id = nextId--;
@@ -130,12 +131,12 @@ BaseNPC *NPCManager::summonNPC(int x, int y, int z, uint64_t instance, int type,
     BaseNPC *npc = nullptr;
 
     if (team == 2) {
-        npc = new Mob(x, y, z + EXTRA_HEIGHT, inst, type, NPCData[type], id);
+        npc = new Mob(x, y, z, inst, type, NPCData[type], id);
 
         // re-enable respawning, if desired
         ((Mob*)npc)->summoned = !respawn;
     } else
-        npc = new BaseNPC(x, y, z + EXTRA_HEIGHT, 0, inst, type, id);
+        npc = new BaseNPC(0, inst, type, id);
 
     NPCs[id] = npc;
 
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ static void npcSummonHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     for (int i = 0; i < req->iNPCCnt; i++) {
         BaseNPC *npc = summonNPC(plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, req->iNPCType);
-        updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, 0);
+        updateNPCPosition(npc->id, plr->x, plr->y, plr->z, plr->instanceID, 0);
     }
 }
 
@@ -183,9 +184,12 @@ static void handleWarp(CNSocket* sock, int32_t warpId) {
     if (Warps[warpId].isInstance) {
         uint64_t instanceID = Warps[warpId].instanceID;
 
+        Player* leader = plr;
+        if (plr->group != nullptr) leader = PlayerManager::getPlayer(plr->group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER)[0].sock);
+
         // if warp requires you to be on a mission, it's gotta be a unique instance
         if (Warps[warpId].limitTaskID != 0 || instanceID == 14) { // 14 is a special case for the Time Lab
-            instanceID += ((uint64_t)plr->iIDGroup << 32); // upper 32 bits are leader ID
+            instanceID += ((uint64_t)leader->iID << 32); // upper 32 bits are leader ID
             Chunking::createInstance(instanceID);
 
             // save Lair entrance coords as a pseudo-Resurrect 'Em
@@ -195,14 +199,13 @@ static void handleWarp(CNSocket* sock, int32_t warpId) {
             plr->recallInstance = instanceID;
         }
 
-        if (plr->iID == plr->iIDGroup && plr->groupCnt == 1)
+        if (plr->group == nullptr)
             PlayerManager::sendPlayerTo(sock, Warps[warpId].x, Warps[warpId].y, Warps[warpId].z, instanceID);
         else {
-            Player* leaderPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
+            auto players = plr->group->filter(EntityKind::PLAYER);
-
+            for (int i = 0; i < players.size(); i++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < leaderPlr->groupCnt; i++) {
+                CNSocket* sockTo = players[i].sock;
-                Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayerFromID(leaderPlr->groupIDs[i]);
+                Player* otherPlr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sockTo);
-                CNSocket* sockTo = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(leaderPlr->groupIDs[i]);
 
                 if (otherPlr == nullptr || sockTo == nullptr)
                     continue;
@@ -276,7 +279,7 @@ BaseNPC* NPCManager::getNearestNPC(std::set<Chunk*>* chunks, int X, int Y, int Z
     for (auto c = chunks->begin(); c != chunks->end(); c++) { // haha get it
         Chunk* chunk = *c;
         for (auto ent = chunk->entities.begin(); ent != chunk->entities.end(); ent++) {
-            if (ent->type == EntityType::PLAYER)
+            if (ent->kind == EntityKind::PLAYER)
                 continue;
 
             BaseNPC* npcTemp = (BaseNPC*)ent->getEntity();
@@ -301,20 +304,20 @@ static void lordFuseStageTwo(CNSocket *sock, BaseNPC *npc) {
 
     std::cout << "Lord Fuse stage two" << std::endl;
 
-    // Fuse doesn't move; spawnX, etc. is shorter to write than *appearanceData*
+    // Fuse doesn't move
     // Blastons, Heal
-    Mob *newbody = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->spawnX, oldbody->spawnY, oldbody->spawnZ, plr->instanceID, 2467);
+    Mob *newbody = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->x, oldbody->y, oldbody->z, plr->instanceID, 2467);
 
-    newbody->appearanceData.iAngle = oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle;
+    newbody->angle = oldbody->angle;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newbody->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, newbody->spawnX, newbody->spawnY, newbody->spawnZ,
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newbody->id, newbody->x, newbody->y, newbody->z,
-        plr->instanceID, oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        plr->instanceID, oldbody->angle);
 
     // right arm, Adaptium, Stun
-    Mob *arm = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->spawnX - 600, oldbody->spawnY, oldbody->spawnZ, plr->instanceID, 2469);
+    Mob *arm = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->x - 600, oldbody->y, oldbody->z, plr->instanceID, 2469);
 
-    arm->appearanceData.iAngle = oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle;
+    arm->angle = oldbody->angle;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(arm->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, arm->spawnX, arm->spawnY, arm->spawnZ,
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(arm->id, arm->x, arm->y, arm->z,
-        plr->instanceID, oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        plr->instanceID, oldbody->angle);
 }
 
 // summon left arm and stage 3 body
@@ -325,18 +328,18 @@ static void lordFuseStageThree(CNSocket *sock, BaseNPC *npc) {
     std::cout << "Lord Fuse stage three" << std::endl;
 
     // Cosmix, Damage Point
-    Mob *newbody = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->spawnX, oldbody->spawnY, oldbody->spawnZ, plr->instanceID, 2468);
+    Mob *newbody = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->x, oldbody->y, oldbody->z, plr->instanceID, 2468);
 
-    newbody->appearanceData.iAngle = oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle;
+    newbody->angle = oldbody->angle;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newbody->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, newbody->spawnX, newbody->spawnY, newbody->spawnZ,
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(newbody->id, newbody->x, newbody->y, newbody->z,
-        plr->instanceID, oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        plr->instanceID, oldbody->angle);
 
     // Blastons, Heal
-    Mob *arm = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->spawnX + 600, oldbody->spawnY, oldbody->spawnZ, plr->instanceID, 2470);
+    Mob *arm = (Mob*)NPCManager::summonNPC(oldbody->x + 600, oldbody->y, oldbody->z, plr->instanceID, 2470);
 
-    arm->appearanceData.iAngle = oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle;
+    arm->angle = oldbody->angle;
-    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(arm->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, arm->spawnX, arm->spawnY, arm->spawnZ,
+    NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(arm->id, arm->x, arm->y, arm->z,
-        plr->instanceID, oldbody->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        plr->instanceID, oldbody->angle);
 }
 
 std::vector<NPCEvent> NPCManager::NPCEvents = {
@@ -352,11 +355,11 @@ void NPCManager::queueNPCRemoval(int32_t id) {
 
 static void step(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
     for (auto& pair : NPCs) {
-        if (pair.second->type != EntityType::COMBAT_NPC && pair.second->type != EntityType::MOB)
+        if (pair.second->kind != EntityKind::COMBAT_NPC && pair.second->kind != EntityKind::MOB)
             continue;
         auto npc = (CombatNPC*)pair.second;
 
-        npc->stepAI(currTime);
+        npc->step(currTime);
     }
 
     // deallocate all NPCs queued for removal

src/NPCManager.hpp

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "NPC.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
-
 #include "JSON.hpp"
 
+#include "Transport.hpp"
+#include "Chunking.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+
 #include <map>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
+#include <set>
 
 #define RESURRECT_HEIGHT 400
 
@@ -29,8 +30,6 @@ struct NPCEvent {
         : npcType(t), trigger(tr), handler(hndlr) {}
 };
 
-struct WarpLocation;
-
 namespace NPCManager {
     extern std::unordered_map<int32_t, BaseNPC*> NPCs;
     extern std::map<int32_t, WarpLocation> Warps;
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@ namespace NPCManager {
     void destroyNPC(int32_t);
     void updateNPCPosition(int32_t, int X, int Y, int Z, uint64_t I, int angle);
 
-    void sendToViewable(BaseNPC* npc, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
+    void sendToViewable(Entity* npc, void* buf, uint32_t type, size_t size);
 
     BaseNPC *summonNPC(int x, int y, int z, uint64_t instance, int type, bool respawn=false, bool baseInstance=false);
 

src/Nanos.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Nanos.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Combat.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
 #include "Abilities.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
 
 #include <cmath>
 
@@ -69,6 +69,43 @@ void Nanos::addNano(CNSocket* sock, int16_t nanoID, int16_t slot, bool spendfm)
     PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, resp2, P_FE2CL_REP_PC_CHANGE_LEVEL);
 }
 
+std::vector<ICombatant*> Nanos::applyNanoBuff(SkillData* skill, Player* plr) {
+    assert(skill->drainType == SkillDrainType::PASSIVE);
+
+    EntityRef self = PlayerManager::getSockFromID(plr->iID);
+
+    int timeBuffId = Abilities::getCSTBFromST(skill->skillType);
+    int boost = Nanos::getNanoBoost(plr) ? 3 : 0;
+    int value = skill->values[0][boost];
+
+    BuffStack passiveBuff = {
+        1, // passive nano buffs refreshed every tick
+        value,
+        self,
+        BuffClass::NONE, // overwritten per target
+    };
+
+    // for passive skills, using just the player as a target is fine
+    // this is because the group skill type will ignore the count,
+    // and the other option is single-target
+    std::vector<ICombatant*> targets = Abilities::matchTargets(dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(plr), skill, 1, &plr->iID);
+    std::vector<ICombatant*> affected;
+    for (ICombatant* target : targets) {
+
+        passiveBuff.buffStackClass = target == plr ? BuffClass::NANO : BuffClass::GROUP_NANO;
+        if(target->addBuff(timeBuffId,
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, int status, BuffStack* stack) {
+                Buffs::timeBuffUpdate(self, buff, status, stack);
+            },
+            [](EntityRef self, Buff* buff, time_t currTime) {
+                // no-op
+            },
+            &passiveBuff)) affected.push_back(target);
+    }
+
+    return affected;
+}
+
 void Nanos::summonNano(CNSocket *sock, int slot, bool silent) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_NANO_ACTIVE_SUCC, resp);
     resp.iActiveNanoSlotNum = slot;
@@ -82,40 +119,19 @@ void Nanos::summonNano(CNSocket *sock, int slot, bool silent) {
     if (slot != -1 && plr->Nanos[nanoID].iSkillID == 0)
         return; // prevent powerless nanos from summoning
 
-    plr->nanoDrainRate = 0;
-    int16_t skillID = plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID;
-
-    // passive nano unbuffing
-    if (SkillTable[skillID].drainType == 2) {
-        std::vector<int> targetData = findTargets(plr, skillID);
-
-        for (auto& pwr : NanoPowers)
-            if (pwr.skillType == SkillTable[skillID].skillType)
-                nanoUnbuff(sock, targetData, pwr.bitFlag, pwr.timeBuffID, 0,(SkillTable[skillID].targetType == 3));
-    }
-
     if (nanoID >= NANO_COUNT || nanoID < 0)
         return; // sanity check
 
     plr->activeNano = nanoID;
-    skillID = plr->Nanos[nanoID].iSkillID;
+    sNano& nano = plr->Nanos[nanoID];
 
-    // passive nano buffing
+    SkillData* skill = Abilities::SkillTable.count(nano.iSkillID) > 0
-    if (SkillTable[skillID].drainType == 2) {
+                        ? &Abilities::SkillTable[nano.iSkillID] : nullptr;
-        std::vector<int> targetData = findTargets(plr, skillID);
+    if (slot != -1 && skill != nullptr && skill->drainType == SkillDrainType::PASSIVE) {
-
+        // passive buff effect
-        int boost = 0;
+        resp.eCSTB___Add = 1;
-        if (getNanoBoost(plr))
+        std::vector<ICombatant*> affectedCombatants = applyNanoBuff(skill, plr);
-            boost = 1;
+        if(!affectedCombatants.empty()) Abilities::useNanoSkill(sock, skill, nano, affectedCombatants);
-
-        for (auto& pwr : NanoPowers) {
-            if (pwr.skillType == SkillTable[skillID].skillType) {
-                resp.eCSTB___Add = 1; // the part that makes nano go ZOOMAZOOM
-                plr->nanoDrainRate = SkillTable[skillID].batteryUse[boost*3];
-
-                pwr.handle(sock, targetData, nanoID, skillID, 0, SkillTable[skillID].powerIntensity[boost]);
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     if (!silent) // silent nano death but only for the summoning player
@@ -124,7 +140,7 @@ void Nanos::summonNano(CNSocket *sock, int slot, bool silent) {
     // Send to other players, these players can't handle silent nano deaths so this packet needs to be sent.
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NANO_ACTIVE, pkt1);
     pkt1.iPC_ID = plr->iID;
-    pkt1.Nano = plr->Nanos[nanoID];
+    pkt1.Nano = nano;
     PlayerManager::sendToViewable(sock, pkt1, P_FE2CL_NANO_ACTIVE);
 }
 
@@ -211,7 +227,7 @@ int Nanos::nanoStyle(int nanoID) {
 bool Nanos::getNanoBoost(Player* plr) {
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) 
         if (plr->equippedNanos[i] == plr->activeNano)
-            if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & (CSB_BIT_STIMPAKSLOT1 << i))
+            if (plr->hasBuff(ECSB_STIMPAKSLOT1 + i))
                 return true;
     return false;
 }
@@ -235,18 +251,6 @@ static void nanoEquipHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     // Update player
     plr->equippedNanos[nano->iNanoSlotNum] = nano->iNanoID;
 
-    // Unbuff gumballs
-    int value1 = CSB_BIT_STIMPAKSLOT1 << nano->iNanoSlotNum;
-    if (plr->iConditionBitFlag & value1) {
-        int value2 = ECSB_STIMPAKSLOT1 + nano->iNanoSlotNum;
-        INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE, pkt);
-        pkt.eCSTB = value2; // eCharStatusTimeBuffID
-        pkt.eTBU = 2; // eTimeBuffUpdate
-        pkt.eTBT = 1; // eTimeBuffType 1 means nano
-        pkt.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag &= ~value1;
-        sock->sendPacket(pkt, P_FE2CL_PC_BUFF_UPDATE);
-    }
-
     // unsummon nano if replaced
     if (plr->activeNano == plr->equippedNanos[nano->iNanoSlotNum])
         summonNano(sock, -1);
@@ -289,26 +293,24 @@ static void nanoSummonHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 static void nanoSkillUseHandler(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     Player *plr = PlayerManager::getPlayer(sock);
 
-    int16_t nanoID = plr->activeNano;
+    // validate request check
-    int16_t skillID = plr->Nanos[nanoID].iSkillID;
+    sP_CL2FE_REQ_NANO_SKILL_USE* pkt = (sP_CL2FE_REQ_NANO_SKILL_USE*)data->buf;
+    if (!validInVarPacket(sizeof(sP_CL2FE_REQ_NANO_SKILL_USE), pkt->iTargetCnt, sizeof(int32_t), data->size)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] bad sP_CL2FE_REQ_NANO_SKILL_USE packet size" << std::endl;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    sNano& nano = plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano];
+    int16_t skillID = nano.iSkillID;
+    SkillData* skillData = &Abilities::SkillTable[skillID];
 
     DEBUGLOG(
         std::cout << PlayerManager::getPlayerName(plr) << " requested to summon nano skill " << std::endl;
     )
 
-    std::vector<int> targetData = findTargets(plr, skillID, data);
+    ICombatant* plrCombatant = dynamic_cast<ICombatant*>(plr);
-
+    std::vector<ICombatant*> targetData = Abilities::matchTargets(plrCombatant, skillData, pkt->iTargetCnt, (int32_t*)(pkt + 1));
-    int boost = 0;
+    Abilities::useNanoSkill(sock, skillData, nano, targetData);
-    if (getNanoBoost(plr))
-        boost = 1;
-
-    plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina -= SkillTable[skillID].batteryUse[boost*3];
-    if (plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina < 0)
-        plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina = 0;
-
-    for (auto& pwr : NanoPowers)
-        if (pwr.skillType == SkillTable[skillID].skillType)
-            pwr.handle(sock, targetData, nanoID, skillID, SkillTable[skillID].durationTime[boost], SkillTable[skillID].powerIntensity[boost]);
 
     if (plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina < 0)
         summonNano(sock, -1);

src/Nanos.hpp

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <set>
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include <vector>
 
 #include "Player.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "Abilities.hpp"
+
+#include <map>
 
 struct NanoData {
     int style;
@@ -25,4 +26,5 @@ namespace Nanos {
     void summonNano(CNSocket* sock, int slot, bool silent = false);
     int nanoStyle(int nanoID);
     bool getNanoBoost(Player* plr);
+    std::vector<ICombatant*> applyNanoBuff(SkillData* skill, Player* plr);
 }

src/Player.hpp

@@ -1,17 +1,21 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <string>
-#include <cstring>
-
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
+
 #include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "Groups.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+
+/* forward declaration(s) */
+class Buff;
+struct BuffStack;
 
 #define ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT 6
 
 #define PC_MAXHEALTH(level) (925 + 75 * (level))
 
-struct Player : public Entity {
+struct Player : public Entity, public ICombatant {
     int accountId = 0;
     int accountLevel = 0; // permission level (see CN_ACCOUNT_LEVEL enums)
     int32_t iID = 0;
@@ -32,9 +36,8 @@ struct Player : public Entity {
     int8_t iPCState = 0;
     int32_t iWarpLocationFlag = 0;
     int64_t aSkywayLocationFlag[2] = {};
-    int32_t iConditionBitFlag = 0;
-    int32_t iSelfConditionBitFlag = 0;
     int8_t iSpecialState = 0;
+    std::unordered_map<int, Buff*> buffs = {};
 
     int angle = 0;
     int lastX = 0, lastY = 0, lastZ = 0, lastAngle = 0;
@@ -49,7 +52,6 @@ struct Player : public Entity {
 
     bool inCombat = false;
     bool onMonkey = false;
-    int nanoDrainRate = 0;
     int healCooldown = 0;
 
     int pointDamage = 0;
@@ -65,10 +67,7 @@ struct Player : public Entity {
 
     sTimeLimitItemDeleteInfo2CL toRemoveVehicle = {};
 
-    int32_t iIDGroup = 0;
+    Group* group = nullptr;
-    int groupCnt = 0;
-    int32_t groupIDs[4] = {};
-    int32_t iGroupConditionBitFlag = 0;
 
     bool notify = false;
     bool hidden = false;
@@ -85,8 +84,30 @@ struct Player : public Entity {
     time_t lastShot = 0;
     std::vector<sItemBase> buyback = {};
 
-    Player() { type = EntityType::PLAYER; }
+    Player() { kind = EntityKind::PLAYER; }
 
     virtual void enterIntoViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
     virtual void disappearFromViewOf(CNSocket *sock) override;
+
+    virtual bool addBuff(int buffId, BuffCallback<int, BuffStack*> onUpdate, BuffCallback<time_t> onTick, BuffStack* stack) override;
+    virtual Buff* getBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual void removeBuff(int buffId, int buffClass) override;
+    virtual bool hasBuff(int buffId) override;
+    virtual int getCompositeCondition() override;
+    virtual int takeDamage(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual int heal(EntityRef src, int amt) override;
+    virtual bool isAlive() override;
+    virtual int getCurrentHP() override;
+    virtual int getMaxHP() override;
+    virtual int getLevel() override;
+    virtual std::vector<EntityRef> getGroupMembers() override;
+    virtual int32_t getCharType() override;
+    virtual int32_t getID() override;
+    virtual EntityRef getRef() override;
+
+    virtual void step(time_t currTime) override;
+
+    sNano* getActiveNano();
+    sPCAppearanceData getAppearanceData();
 };

src/PlayerManager.cpp

@@ -1,25 +1,20 @@
-#include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include "core/CNShared.hpp"
 #include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
+
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Groups.hpp"
-#include "Chat.hpp"
-#include "Buddies.hpp"
 #include "Combat.hpp"
 #include "Racing.hpp"
-#include "BuiltinCommands.hpp"
-#include "Abilities.hpp"
 #include "Eggs.hpp"
-
+#include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "settings.hpp"
+#include "Chat.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
+#include "Buddies.hpp"
+#include "BuiltinCommands.hpp"
 
 #include <assert.h>
-
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>
 #include <cmath>
@@ -28,17 +23,12 @@ using namespace PlayerManager;
 
 std::map<CNSocket*, Player*> PlayerManager::players;
 
-static void addPlayer(CNSocket* key, Player& plr) {
+static void addPlayer(CNSocket* key, Player *plr) {
-    Player *p = new Player();
+    players[key] = plr;
+    plr->chunkPos = Chunking::INVALID_CHUNK;
+    plr->lastHeartbeat = 0;
 
-    // copy object into heap memory
+    std::cout << getPlayerName(plr) << " has joined!" << std::endl;
-    *p = plr;
-
-    players[key] = p;
-    p->chunkPos = Chunking::INVALID_CHUNK;
-    p->lastHeartbeat = 0;
-
-    std::cout << getPlayerName(p) << " has joined!" << std::endl;
     std::cout << players.size() << " players" << std::endl;
 }
 
@@ -46,7 +36,13 @@ void PlayerManager::removePlayer(CNSocket* key) {
     Player* plr = getPlayer(key);
     uint64_t fromInstance = plr->instanceID;
 
-    Groups::groupKickPlayer(plr);
+    // free buff memory
+    for(auto buffEntry : plr->buffs)
+        delete buffEntry.second;
+
+    // leave group
+    if(plr->group != nullptr)
+        Groups::groupKick(plr->group, key);
 
     // remove player's bullets
     Combat::Bullets.erase(plr->iID);
@@ -70,16 +66,6 @@ void PlayerManager::removePlayer(CNSocket* key) {
     // if the player was in a lair, clean it up
     Chunking::destroyInstanceIfEmpty(fromInstance);
 
-    // remove player's buffs from the server
-    auto it = Eggs::EggBuffs.begin();
-    while (it != Eggs::EggBuffs.end()) {
-        if (it->first.first == key) {
-            it = Eggs::EggBuffs.erase(it);
-        }
-        else
-            it++;
-    }
-
     std::cout << players.size() << " players" << std::endl;
 }
 
@@ -224,69 +210,72 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         return;
     }
 
-    // for convenience
+    Player *plr = new Player();
-    Player& plr = lm->plr;
+    Database::getPlayer(plr, lm->playerId);
-
-    plr.groupCnt = 1;
-    plr.iIDGroup = plr.groupIDs[0] = plr.iID;
 
     // check if account is already in use
-    if (isAccountInUse(plr.accountId)) {
+    if (isAccountInUse(plr->accountId)) {
         // kick the other player
-        exitDuplicate(plr.accountId);
+        exitDuplicate(plr->accountId);
+
+        // re-read the player from disk, in case it was just flushed
+        *plr = {};
+        Database::getPlayer(plr, lm->playerId);
     }
 
-    response.iID = plr.iID;
+    plr->group = nullptr;
+
+    response.iID = plr->iID;
     response.uiSvrTime = getTime();
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iUserLevel = plr.accountLevel;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iUserLevel = plr->accountLevel;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iHP = plr.HP;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iHP = plr->HP;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iLevel = plr.level;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iLevel = plr->level;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iCandy = plr.money;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iCandy = plr->money;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iFusionMatter = plr.fusionmatter;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iFusionMatter = plr->fusionmatter;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iMentor = plr.mentor;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iMentor = plr->mentor;
     response.PCLoadData2CL.iMentorCount = 1; // how many guides the player has had
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iX = plr.x;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iX = plr->x;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iY = plr.y;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iY = plr->y;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iZ = plr.z;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iZ = plr->z;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iAngle = plr.angle;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iAngle = plr->angle;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iBatteryN = plr.batteryN;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iBatteryN = plr->batteryN;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iBatteryW = plr.batteryW;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iBatteryW = plr->batteryW;
     response.PCLoadData2CL.iBuddyWarpTime = 60; // sets 60s warp cooldown on login
 
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iWarpLocationFlag = plr.iWarpLocationFlag;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iWarpLocationFlag = plr->iWarpLocationFlag;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.aWyvernLocationFlag[0] = plr.aSkywayLocationFlag[0];
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.aWyvernLocationFlag[0] = plr->aSkywayLocationFlag[0];
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.aWyvernLocationFlag[1] = plr.aSkywayLocationFlag[1];
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.aWyvernLocationFlag[1] = plr->aSkywayLocationFlag[1];
 
     response.PCLoadData2CL.iActiveNanoSlotNum = -1;
     response.PCLoadData2CL.iFatigue = 50;
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.PCStyle = plr.PCStyle;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.PCStyle = plr->PCStyle;
 
     // client doesnt read this, it gets it from charinfo
-    // response.PCLoadData2CL.PCStyle2 = plr.PCStyle2;
+    // response.PCLoadData2CL.PCStyle2 = plr->PCStyle2;
     // inventory
     for (int i = 0; i < AEQUIP_COUNT; i++)
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aEquip[i] = plr.Equip[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aEquip[i] = plr->Equip[i];
     for (int i = 0; i < AINVEN_COUNT; i++)
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aInven[i] = plr.Inven[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aInven[i] = plr->Inven[i];
     // quest inventory
     for (int i = 0; i < AQINVEN_COUNT; i++)
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aQInven[i] = plr.QInven[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aQInven[i] = plr->QInven[i];
     // nanos
     for (int i = 1; i < SIZEOF_NANO_BANK_SLOT; i++) {
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aNanoBank[i] = plr.Nanos[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aNanoBank[i] = plr->Nanos[i];
     }
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aNanoSlots[i] = plr.equippedNanos[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aNanoSlots[i] = plr->equippedNanos[i];
     }
     // missions in progress
     for (int i = 0; i < ACTIVE_MISSION_COUNT; i++) {
-        if (plr.tasks[i] == 0)
+        if (plr->tasks[i] == 0)
             break;
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aCurrTaskID = plr.tasks[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aCurrTaskID = plr->tasks[i];
-        TaskData &task = *Missions::Tasks[plr.tasks[i]];
+        TaskData &task = *Missions::Tasks[plr->tasks[i]];
         for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
             response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aKillNPCID[j] = (int)task["m_iCSUEnemyID"][j];
-            response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aKillNPCCount[j] = plr.RemainingNPCCount[i][j];
+            response.PCLoadData2CL.aRunningQuest[i].m_aKillNPCCount[j] = plr->RemainingNPCCount[i][j];
             /*
              * client doesn't care about NeededItem ID and Count,
              * it gets Count from Quest Inventory
@@ -296,12 +285,12 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
             */
         }
     }
-    response.PCLoadData2CL.iCurrentMissionID = plr.CurrentMissionID;
+    response.PCLoadData2CL.iCurrentMissionID = plr->CurrentMissionID;
 
     // completed missions
     // the packet requires 32 items, but the client only checks the first 16 (shrug)
     for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.aQuestFlag[i] = plr.aQuestFlag[i];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.aQuestFlag[i] = plr->aQuestFlag[i];
     }
 
     // Computress tips
@@ -310,11 +299,11 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag2 = UINT64_MAX;
     }
     else {
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag1 = plr.iFirstUseFlag[0];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag1 = plr->iFirstUseFlag[0];
-        response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag2 = plr.iFirstUseFlag[1];
+        response.PCLoadData2CL.iFirstUseFlag2 = plr->iFirstUseFlag[1];
     }
 
-    plr.instanceID = INSTANCE_OVERWORLD; // the player should never be in an instance on enter
+    plr->instanceID = INSTANCE_OVERWORLD; // the player should never be in an instance on enter
 
     sock->setEKey(CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey(response.uiSvrTime, response.iID + 1, response.PCLoadData2CL.iFusionMatter + 1));
     sock->setFEKey(lm->FEKey);
@@ -325,14 +314,14 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     // transmit MOTD after entering the game, so the client hopefully changes modes on time
     Chat::sendServerMessage(sock, settings::MOTDSTRING);
 
-    // copy Player object into the shard
+    // transfer ownership of Player object into the shard (still valid in this function though)
     addPlayer(sock, plr);
 
     // check if there is an expiring vehicle
-    Items::checkItemExpire(sock, getPlayer(sock));
+    Items::checkItemExpire(sock, plr);
 
     // set player equip stats
-    Items::setItemStats(getPlayer(sock));
+    Items::setItemStats(plr);
 
     Missions::failInstancedMissions(sock);
 
@@ -343,9 +332,9 @@ static void enterPlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     for (auto& pair : players)
         if (pair.second->notify)
-            Chat::sendServerMessage(pair.first, "[ADMIN]" + getPlayerName(&plr) + " has joined.");
+            Chat::sendServerMessage(pair.first, "[ADMIN]" + getPlayerName(plr) + " has joined.");
 
-    // deallocate lm (and therefore the plr object)
+    // deallocate lm
     delete lm;
 }
 
@@ -354,7 +343,7 @@ void PlayerManager::sendToViewable(CNSocket* sock, void* buf, uint32_t type, siz
     for (auto it = plr->viewableChunks.begin(); it != plr->viewableChunks.end(); it++) {
         Chunk* chunk = *it;
         for (const EntityRef& ref : chunk->entities) {
-            if (ref.type != EntityType::PLAYER || ref.sock == sock)
+            if (ref.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER || ref.sock == sock)
                 continue;
 
             ref.sock->sendPacket(buf, type, size);
@@ -407,21 +396,22 @@ static void revivePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     int activeSlot = -1;
     bool move = false;
 
-    if (reviveData->iRegenType == 3 && plr->iConditionBitFlag & CSB_BIT_PHOENIX) {
+    switch ((ePCRegenType)reviveData->iRegenType) {
-        // nano revive
+    case ePCRegenType::HereByPhoenix: // nano revive
+        if (!(plr->hasBuff(ECSB_PHOENIX)))
+            return; // sanity check
         plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iStamina = 0;
+        // fallthrough
+    case ePCRegenType::HereByPhoenixGroup: // revived by group member's nano
         plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) / 2;
-        Nanos::applyBuff(sock, plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano].iSkillID, 2, 1, 0);
+        break;
-    } else if (reviveData->iRegenType == 4) {
+
-        // revived by group member's nano
+    default: // plain respawn
         plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) / 2;
-    } else if (reviveData->iRegenType == 5) {
+        // fallthrough
-        // warp away
+    case ePCRegenType::Unstick: // warp away
         move = true;
-    } else {
+        break;
-        // plain respawn
-        move = true;
-        plr->HP = PC_MAXHEALTH(plr->level) / 2;
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
@@ -473,11 +463,9 @@ static void revivePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iHP = plr->HP;
     resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iAngle = plr->angle;
 
-    Player *otherPlr = getPlayerFromID(plr->iIDGroup);
+    if (plr->group != nullptr) {
-    if (otherPlr != nullptr) {
-        int bitFlag = Groups::getGroupFlags(otherPlr);
-        resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iConditionBitFlag = plr->iConditionBitFlag = plr->iSelfConditionBitFlag | bitFlag;
         
+        resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iConditionBitFlag = plr->getCompositeCondition();
         resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iPCState = plr->iPCState;
         resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.iSpecialState = plr->iSpecialState;
         resp2.PCRegenDataForOtherPC.Nano = plr->Nanos[plr->activeNano];
@@ -668,16 +656,16 @@ CNSocket *PlayerManager::getSockFromName(std::string firstname, std::string last
 }
 
 CNSocket *PlayerManager::getSockFromAny(int by, int id, int uid, std::string firstname, std::string lastname) {
-    switch (by) {
+    switch ((eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy)by) {
-    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_ID:
+    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy::PC_ID:
         assert(id != 0);
         return getSockFromID(id);
-    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_UID: // account id; not player id
+    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy::PC_UID: // account id; not player id
         assert(uid != 0);
         for (auto& pair : players)
             if (pair.second->accountId == uid)
                 return pair.first;
-    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_Name:
+    case eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy::PC_Name:
         assert(firstname != "" && lastname != ""); // XXX: remove this if we start messing around with edited names?
         return getSockFromName(firstname, lastname);
     }

src/PlayerManager.hpp

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "Player.hpp"
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
 
-#include <utility>
+#include "Player.hpp"
+#include "Chunking.hpp"
+#include "Transport.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+
 #include <map>
 #include <list>
 
-struct WarpLocation;
-
 namespace PlayerManager {
     extern std::map<CNSocket*, Player*> players;
     void init();
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ namespace PlayerManager {
         for (auto it = plr->viewableChunks.begin(); it != plr->viewableChunks.end(); it++) {
             Chunk* chunk = *it;
             for (const EntityRef& ref : chunk->entities) {
-                if (ref.type != EntityType::PLAYER || ref.sock == sock)
+                if (ref.kind != EntityKind::PLAYER || ref.sock == sock)
                     continue;
 
                 ref.sock->sendPacket(pkt, type);

src/PlayerMovement.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #include "PlayerMovement.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "TableData.hpp"
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
@@ -33,7 +36,7 @@ static void movePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     // [gruntwork] check if player has a follower and move it
     if (TableData::RunningNPCPaths.find(plr->iID) != TableData::RunningNPCPaths.end()) {
         BaseNPC* follower = TableData::RunningNPCPaths[plr->iID].first;
-        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(follower->appearanceData.iNPC_ID); // erase existing points
+        Transport::NPCQueues.erase(follower->id); // erase existing points
         std::queue<Vec3> queue;
         Vec3 from = { follower->x, follower->y, follower->z };
         float drag = 0.95f; // this ensures that they don't bump into the player
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ static void movePlayer(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
         // add a route to the queue; to be processed in Transport::stepNPCPathing()
         Transport::lerp(&queue, from, to, NPC_DEFAULT_SPEED * 1.5); // little faster than typical
-        Transport::NPCQueues[follower->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = queue;
+        Transport::NPCQueues[follower->id] = queue;
     }
 }
 

src/Racing.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 #include "Racing.hpp"
+
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
 #include "Items.hpp"
-#include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
 
 using namespace Racing;
 

src/Racing.hpp

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <set>
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <set>
 
 struct EPInfo {
     int zoneX, zoneY, EPID, maxScore, maxTime;

src/Rand.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <random>
 #include <memory>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace Rand {
     extern std::unique_ptr<std::mt19937> generator;

src/TableData.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
 #include "TableData.hpp"
+
 #include "NPCManager.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "settings.hpp"
 #include "Missions.hpp"
-#include "Chunking.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
-#include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Racing.hpp"
 #include "Vendors.hpp"
+#include "Racing.hpp"
+#include "Nanos.hpp"
 #include "Abilities.hpp"
 #include "Eggs.hpp"
 
-#include "JSON.hpp"
-
 #include <fstream>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <cmath>
@@ -37,6 +33,22 @@ public:
     const char *what() const throw() { return msg.c_str(); }
 };
 
+/*
+ * We must refuse to run if an invalid NPC type is found in the JSONs, especially
+ * the gruntwork file. If we were to just skip loading invalid NPCs, they would get
+ * silently dropped from the gruntwork file, which would be confusing in situations
+ * where a gruntwork file for the wrong game build was accidentally loaded.
+ */
+static void ensureValidNPCType(int type, std::string filename) {
+    // last known NPC type
+    int npcLimit = NPCManager::NPCData.back()["m_iNpcNumber"];
+
+    if (type > npcLimit) {
+        std::cout << "[FATAL] " << filename << " contains an invalid NPC type: " << type << std::endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
 /*
  * Create a full and properly-paced path by interpolating between keyframes.
  */
@@ -215,18 +227,34 @@ static void loadXDT(json& xdtData) {
         // load nano powers
         json skills = xdtData["m_pSkillTable"]["m_pSkillData"];
 
-        for (json::iterator _skills = skills.begin(); _skills != skills.end(); _skills++) {
+        for (json::iterator _skill = skills.begin(); _skill != skills.end(); _skill++) {
-            auto skills = _skills.value();
+            auto skill = _skill.value();
-            SkillData skillData = { skills["m_iSkillType"], skills["m_iTargetType"], skills["m_iBatteryDrainType"], skills["m_iEffectArea"] };
+            SkillData skillData = {
+                skill["m_iSkillType"],
+                skill["m_iEffectTarget"],
+                skill["m_iEffectType"],
+                skill["m_iTargetType"],
+                skill["m_iBatteryDrainType"],
+                skill["m_iEffectArea"]
+            };
+
+            skillData.valueTypes[0] = skill["m_iValueA_Type"];
+            skillData.valueTypes[1] = skill["m_iValueB_Type"];
+            skillData.valueTypes[2] = skill["m_iValueC_Type"];
+
             for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                skillData.batteryUse[i] = skills["m_iBatteryDrainUse"][i];
+                skillData.batteryUse[i] = skill["m_iBatteryDrainUse"][i];
-                skillData.durationTime[i] = skills["m_iDurationTime"][i];
+                skillData.durationTime[i] = skill["m_iDurationTime"][i];
-                skillData.powerIntensity[i] = skills["m_iValueA"][i];
+
-            }
+                skillData.values[0][i] = skill["m_iValueA"][i];
-            Nanos::SkillTable[skills["m_iSkillNumber"]] = skillData;
+                skillData.values[1][i] = skill["m_iValueB"][i];
+                skillData.values[2][i] = skill["m_iValueC"][i];
             }
 
-        std::cout << "[INFO] Loaded " << Nanos::SkillTable.size() << " nano skills" << std::endl;
+            Abilities::SkillTable[skill["m_iSkillNumber"]] = skillData;
+        }
+
+        std::cout << "[INFO] Loaded " << Abilities::SkillTable.size() << " nano skills" << std::endl;
 
         // load EP data
         json instances = xdtData["m_pInstanceTable"]["m_pInstanceData"];
@@ -298,10 +326,10 @@ static void loadPaths(json& pathData, int32_t* nextId) {
             if (passedDistance >= SLIDER_GAP_SIZE) { // space them out uniformaly
                 passedDistance -= SLIDER_GAP_SIZE; // step down
                 // spawn a slider
-                Bus* slider = new Bus(point.x, point.y, point.z, 0, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, 1, (*nextId)--);
+                Bus* slider = new Bus(0, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, 1, (*nextId)--);
-                NPCManager::NPCs[slider->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = slider;
+                NPCManager::NPCs[slider->id] = slider;
-                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(slider->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, slider->x, slider->y, slider->z, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, 0);
+                NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(slider->id, point.x, point.y, point.z, INSTANCE_OVERWORLD, 0);
-                Transport::NPCQueues[slider->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = route;
+                Transport::NPCQueues[slider->id] = route;
             }
             // rotate
             route.pop();
@@ -643,7 +671,7 @@ static void loadEggs(json& eggData, int32_t* nextId) {
             int id = (*nextId)--;
             uint64_t instanceID = egg.find("iMapNum") == egg.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)egg["iMapNum"];
 
-            Egg* addEgg = new Egg((int)egg["iX"], (int)egg["iY"], (int)egg["iZ"], instanceID, (int)egg["iType"], id, false);
+            Egg* addEgg = new Egg(instanceID, (int)egg["iType"], id, false);
             NPCManager::NPCs[id] = addEgg;
             eggCount++;
             NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(id, (int)egg["iX"], (int)egg["iY"], (int)egg["iZ"], instanceID, 0);
@@ -662,6 +690,8 @@ static void loadEggs(json& eggData, int32_t* nextId) {
  * Load gruntwork output, if it exists
  */
 static void loadGruntworkPre(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
+    if (gruntwork.is_null())
+        return;
 
     try {
         auto paths = gruntwork["paths"];
@@ -711,8 +741,8 @@ static void loadGruntworkPre(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
 }
 
 static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
-
+    if (gruntwork.is_null())
-    if (gruntwork.is_null()) return;
+        return;
 
     try {
         // skyway paths
@@ -737,7 +767,7 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
             if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(npcID) == NPCManager::NPCs.end())
                 continue; // NPC not found
             BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[npcID];
-            npc->appearanceData.iAngle = angle;
+            npc->angle = angle;
 
             RunningNPCRotations[npcID] = angle;
         }
@@ -750,8 +780,8 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
             if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(npcID) == NPCManager::NPCs.end())
                 continue; // NPC not found
             BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[npcID];
-            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, npc->x, npc->y,
+            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, npc->x, npc->y,
-                npc->z, instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+                npc->z, instanceID, npc->angle);
 
             RunningNPCMapNumbers[npcID] = instanceID;
         }
@@ -764,6 +794,8 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
             int id = (*nextId)--;
             uint64_t instanceID = mob.find("iMapNum") == mob.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)mob["iMapNum"];
 
+            ensureValidNPCType((int)mob["iNPCType"], settings::GRUNTWORKJSON);
+
             if (NPCManager::NPCData[(int)mob["iNPCType"]]["m_iTeam"] == 2) {
                 npc = new Mob(mob["iX"], mob["iY"], mob["iZ"], instanceID, mob["iNPCType"],
                     NPCManager::NPCData[(int)mob["iNPCType"]], id);
@@ -771,18 +803,21 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
                 // re-enable respawning
                 ((Mob*)npc)->summoned = false;
             } else {
-                npc = new BaseNPC(mob["iX"], mob["iY"], mob["iZ"], mob["iAngle"], instanceID, mob["iNPCType"], id);
+                npc = new BaseNPC(mob["iAngle"], instanceID, mob["iNPCType"], id);
             }
 
-            NPCManager::NPCs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = npc;
+            NPCManager::NPCs[npc->id] = npc;
-            RunningMobs[npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = npc;
+            RunningMobs[npc->id] = npc;
-            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, mob["iX"], mob["iY"], mob["iZ"], instanceID, mob["iAngle"]);
+            NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, mob["iX"], mob["iY"], mob["iZ"], instanceID, mob["iAngle"]);
         }
 
         // mob groups
         auto groups = gruntwork["groups"];
         for (auto _group = groups.begin(); _group != groups.end(); _group++) {
             auto leader = _group.value();
+
+            ensureValidNPCType((int)leader["iNPCType"], settings::GRUNTWORKJSON);
+
             auto td = NPCManager::NPCData[(int)leader["iNPCType"]];
             uint64_t instanceID = leader.find("iMapNum") == leader.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)leader["iMapNum"];
 
@@ -803,6 +838,9 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
                 int followerCount = 0;
                 for (json::iterator _fol = followers.begin(); _fol != followers.end(); _fol++) {
                     auto follower = _fol.value();
+
+                    ensureValidNPCType((int)follower["iNPCType"], settings::GRUNTWORKJSON);
+
                     auto tdFol = NPCManager::NPCData[(int)follower["iNPCType"]];
                     Mob* tmpFol = new Mob((int)leader["iX"] + (int)follower["iOffsetX"], (int)leader["iY"] + (int)follower["iOffsetY"], leader["iZ"], leader["iAngle"], instanceID, follower["iNPCType"], tdFol, *nextId);
 
@@ -814,7 +852,7 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
 
                     tmpFol->offsetX = follower.find("iOffsetX") == follower.end() ? 0 : (int)follower["iOffsetX"];
                     tmpFol->offsetY = follower.find("iOffsetY") == follower.end() ? 0 : (int)follower["iOffsetY"];
-                    tmpFol->groupLeader = tmp->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+                    tmpFol->groupLeader = tmp->id;
                     tmp->groupMember[followerCount++] = *nextId;
 
                     (*nextId)--;
@@ -824,7 +862,7 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
                 std::cout << "[WARN] Mob group leader with ID " << *nextId << " has too many followers (" << followers.size() << ")\n";
             }
 
-            RunningGroups[tmp->appearanceData.iNPC_ID] = tmp; // store as running
+            RunningGroups[tmp->id] = tmp; // store as running
         }
 
         auto eggs = gruntwork["eggs"];
@@ -833,7 +871,7 @@ static void loadGruntworkPost(json& gruntwork, int32_t* nextId) {
             int id = (*nextId)--;
             uint64_t instanceID = egg.find("iMapNum") == egg.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)egg["iMapNum"];
 
-            Egg* addEgg = new Egg((int)egg["iX"], (int)egg["iY"], (int)egg["iZ"], instanceID, (int)egg["iType"], id, false);
+            Egg* addEgg = new Egg(instanceID, (int)egg["iType"], id, false);
             NPCManager::NPCs[id] = addEgg;
             NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(id, (int)egg["iX"], (int)egg["iY"], (int)egg["iZ"], instanceID, 0);
             RunningEggs[id] = addEgg;
@@ -859,16 +897,15 @@ static void loadNPCs(json& npcData) {
             npcID += NPC_ID_OFFSET;
             int instanceID = npc.find("iMapNum") == npc.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)npc["iMapNum"];
             int type = (int)npc["iNPCType"];
-            if (NPCManager::NPCData[type].is_null()) {
+
-                std::cout << "[WARN] NPC type " << type << " not found; skipping (json#" << _npc.key() << ")" << std::endl;
+            ensureValidNPCType(type, settings::NPCJSON);
-                continue;
+
-            }
 #ifdef ACADEMY
             // do not spawn NPCs in the future
             if (npc["iX"] > 512000 && npc["iY"] < 256000)
                 continue;
 #endif
-            BaseNPC* tmp = new BaseNPC(npc["iX"], npc["iY"], npc["iZ"], npc["iAngle"], instanceID, type, npcID);
+            BaseNPC* tmp = new BaseNPC(npc["iAngle"], instanceID, type, npcID);
 
             NPCManager::NPCs[npcID] = tmp;
             NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npcID, npc["iX"], npc["iY"], npc["iZ"], instanceID, npc["iAngle"]);
@@ -904,10 +941,9 @@ static void loadMobs(json& npcData, int32_t* nextId) {
             int npcID = std::strtol(_npc.key().c_str(), nullptr, 10); // parse ID string to integer
             npcID += MOB_ID_OFFSET;
             int type = (int)npc["iNPCType"];
-            if (NPCManager::NPCData[type].is_null()) {
+
-                std::cout << "[WARN] NPC type " << type << " not found; skipping (json#" << _npc.key() << ")" << std::endl;
+            ensureValidNPCType(type, settings::MOBJSON);
-                continue;
+
-            }
             auto td = NPCManager::NPCData[type];
             uint64_t instanceID = npc.find("iMapNum") == npc.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)npc["iMapNum"];
 
@@ -935,7 +971,10 @@ static void loadMobs(json& npcData, int32_t* nextId) {
         for (json::iterator _group = groupData.begin(); _group != groupData.end(); _group++) {
             auto leader = _group.value();
             int leadID = std::strtol(_group.key().c_str(), nullptr, 10); // parse ID string to integer
+
             leadID += MOB_GROUP_ID_OFFSET;
+            ensureValidNPCType(leader["iNPCType"], settings::MOBJSON);
+
             auto td = NPCManager::NPCData[(int)leader["iNPCType"]];
             uint64_t instanceID = leader.find("iMapNum") == leader.end() ? INSTANCE_OVERWORLD : (int)leader["iMapNum"];
             auto followers = leader["aFollowers"];
@@ -965,6 +1004,9 @@ static void loadMobs(json& npcData, int32_t* nextId) {
                 int followerCount = 0;
                 for (json::iterator _fol = followers.begin(); _fol != followers.end(); _fol++) {
                     auto follower = _fol.value();
+
+                    ensureValidNPCType(follower["iNPCType"], settings::MOBJSON);
+
                     auto tdFol = NPCManager::NPCData[(int)follower["iNPCType"]];
                     Mob* tmpFol = new Mob((int)leader["iX"] + (int)follower["iOffsetX"], (int)leader["iY"] + (int)follower["iOffsetY"], leader["iZ"], leader["iAngle"], instanceID, follower["iNPCType"], tdFol, *nextId);
 
@@ -973,7 +1015,7 @@ static void loadMobs(json& npcData, int32_t* nextId) {
 
                     tmpFol->offsetX = follower.find("iOffsetX") == follower.end() ? 0 : (int)follower["iOffsetX"];
                     tmpFol->offsetY = follower.find("iOffsetY") == follower.end() ? 0 : (int)follower["iOffsetY"];
-                    tmpFol->groupLeader = tmp->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+                    tmpFol->groupLeader = tmp->id;
                     tmp->groupMember[followerCount++] = *nextId;
 
                     (*nextId)--;
@@ -1070,19 +1112,39 @@ void TableData::init() {
     };
 
     // load JSON data into tables
-    std::ifstream fstream;
     for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
         std::pair<json*, std::string>& table = tables[i];
+
+        // scope for fstream
+        {
+            std::ifstream fstream;
             fstream.open(settings::TDATADIR + "/" + table.second); // open file
-        if (!fstream.fail()) {
+
-            fstream >> *table.first; // load file contents into table
+            // did we fail to open the file?
-        } else {
+            if (fstream.fail()) {
-            if (table.first != &gruntwork) { // gruntwork isn't critical
+                // gruntwork isn't critical
+                if (table.first == &gruntwork)
+                    continue;
+
                 std::cerr << "[FATAL] Critical tdata file missing: " << table.second << std::endl;
                 exit(1);
             }
+
+            // is the file empty?
+            if (fstream.peek() == std::ifstream::traits_type::eof()) {
+                // tolerate empty gruntwork file
+                if (table.first == &gruntwork) {
+                    std::cout << "[WARN] The gruntwork file is empty" << std::endl;
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                std::cerr << "[FATAL] Critical tdata file is empty: " << table.second << std::endl;
+                exit(1);
+            }
+
+            // load file contents into table
+            fstream >> *table.first;
         }
-        fstream.close();
 
         // patching: load each patch directory specified in the config file
 
@@ -1097,11 +1159,11 @@ void TableData::init() {
             std::string patchModuleName = *it;
             std::string patchFile = settings::PATCHDIR + patchModuleName + "/" + table.second;
             try {
+                std::ifstream fstream;
                 fstream.open(patchFile);
                 fstream >> patch; // load into temporary json object
                 std::cout << "[INFO] Patching " << patchFile << std::endl;
                 patchJSON(table.first, &patch); // patch
-                fstream.close();
             } catch (const std::exception& err) {
                 // no-op
             }
@@ -1176,7 +1238,7 @@ void TableData::flush() {
             continue;
 
         int x, y, z;
-        if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
             Mob *m = (Mob*)npc;
             x = m->spawnX;
             y = m->spawnY;
@@ -1188,13 +1250,13 @@ void TableData::flush() {
         }
 
         // NOTE: this format deviates slightly from the one in mobs.json
-        mob["iNPCType"] = (int)npc->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+        mob["iNPCType"] = (int)npc->type;
         mob["iX"] = x;
         mob["iY"] = y;
         mob["iZ"] = z;
         mob["iMapNum"] = MAPNUM(npc->instanceID);
         // this is a bit imperfect, since this is a live angle, not a spawn angle so it'll change often, but eh
-        mob["iAngle"] = npc->appearanceData.iAngle;
+        mob["iAngle"] = npc->angle;
 
         // it's called mobs, but really it's everything
         gruntwork["mobs"].push_back(mob);
@@ -1209,19 +1271,19 @@ void TableData::flush() {
 
         int x, y, z;
         std::vector<Mob*> followers;
-        if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB) {
+        if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB) {
             Mob* m = (Mob*)npc;
             x = m->spawnX;
             y = m->spawnY;
             z = m->spawnZ;
-            if (m->groupLeader != m->appearanceData.iNPC_ID) { // make sure this is a leader
+            if (m->groupLeader != m->id) { // make sure this is a leader
                 std::cout << "[WARN] Non-leader mob found in running groups; ignoring\n";
                 continue;
             }
 
             // add follower data to vector; go until OOB or until follower ID is 0
             for (int i = 0; i < 4 && m->groupMember[i] > 0; i++) {
-                if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(m->groupMember[i]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[m->groupMember[i]]->type != EntityType::MOB) {
+                if (NPCManager::NPCs.find(m->groupMember[i]) == NPCManager::NPCs.end() || NPCManager::NPCs[m->groupMember[i]]->kind != EntityKind::MOB) {
                     std::cout << "[WARN] Follower with ID " << m->groupMember[i] << " not found; skipping\n";
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -1235,13 +1297,13 @@ void TableData::flush() {
         }
 
         // NOTE: this format deviates slightly from the one in mobs.json
-        mob["iNPCType"] = (int)npc->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+        mob["iNPCType"] = (int)npc->type;
         mob["iX"] = x;
         mob["iY"] = y;
         mob["iZ"] = z;
         mob["iMapNum"] = MAPNUM(npc->instanceID);
         // this is a bit imperfect, since this is a live angle, not a spawn angle so it'll change often, but eh
-        mob["iAngle"] = npc->appearanceData.iAngle;
+        mob["iAngle"] = npc->angle;
 
         // followers
         while (followers.size() > 0) {
@@ -1250,7 +1312,7 @@ void TableData::flush() {
 
             // populate JSON entry
             json fol;
-            fol["iNPCType"] = follower->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+            fol["iNPCType"] = follower->type;
             fol["iOffsetX"] = follower->offsetX;
             fol["iOffsetY"] = follower->offsetY;
 
@@ -1275,7 +1337,7 @@ void TableData::flush() {
         int mapnum = MAPNUM(npc->instanceID);
         if (mapnum != 0)
             egg["iMapNum"] = mapnum;
-        egg["iType"] = npc->appearanceData.iNPCType;
+        egg["iType"] = npc->type;
 
         gruntwork["eggs"].push_back(egg);
     }

src/TableData.hpp

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <map>
+#include "JSON.hpp"
 
-#include "NPCManager.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "Transport.hpp"
+
+#include <map>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
 
 // these are added to the NPC's static key to avoid collisions
 const int NPC_ID_OFFSET = 1;

src/Trading.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 #include "Trading.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "db/Database.hpp"
 
 using namespace Trading;
 
@@ -269,6 +273,8 @@ static void tradeConfirm(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
         otherSock->sendPacket(msg, P_FE2CL_GM_REP_PC_ANNOUNCE);
         return;
     }
+
+    Database::commitTrade(plr, plr2);
 }
 
 static void tradeConfirmCancel(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {

src/Trading.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "Items.hpp"
-
 namespace Trading {
     void init();
 }

src/Transport.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
+#include "Transport.hpp"
+
 #include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Nanos.hpp"
-#include "Transport.hpp"
 #include "TableData.hpp"
-#include "Combat.hpp"
+#include "Entities.hpp"
+#include "NPCManager.hpp"
 #include "MobAI.hpp"
 
 #include <unordered_map>
@@ -257,13 +260,13 @@ static void stepNPCPathing() {
         }
 
         // skip if not simulating mobs
-        if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB && !MobAI::simulateMobs) {
+        if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB && !MobAI::simulateMobs) {
             it++;
             continue;
         }
 
         // do not roam if not roaming
-        if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB && ((Mob*)npc)->state != MobState::ROAMING) {
+        if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB && ((Mob*)npc)->state != AIState::ROAMING) {
             it++;
             continue;
         }
@@ -276,15 +279,15 @@ static void stepNPCPathing() {
         int distanceBetween = hypot(dXY, point.z - npc->z); // total distance
 
         // update NPC location to update viewables
-        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID, point.x, point.y, point.z, npc->instanceID, npc->appearanceData.iAngle);
+        NPCManager::updateNPCPosition(npc->id, point.x, point.y, point.z, npc->instanceID, npc->angle);
 
         // TODO: move walking logic into Entity stack
-        switch (npc->type) {
+        switch (npc->kind) {
-        case EntityType::BUS:
+        case EntityKind::BUS:
             INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_MOVE, busMove);
 
             busMove.eTT = 3;
-            busMove.iT_ID = npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+            busMove.iT_ID = npc->id;
             busMove.iMoveStyle = 0; // ???
             busMove.iToX = point.x;
             busMove.iToY = point.y;
@@ -293,12 +296,12 @@ static void stepNPCPathing() {
 
             NPCManager::sendToViewable(npc, &busMove, P_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_MOVE, sizeof(sP_FE2CL_TRANSPORTATION_MOVE));
             break;
-        case EntityType::MOB:
+        case EntityKind::MOB:
             MobAI::incNextMovement((Mob*)npc);
             /* fallthrough */
         default:
             INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_NPC_MOVE, move);
-            move.iNPC_ID = npc->appearanceData.iNPC_ID;
+            move.iNPC_ID = npc->id;
             move.iMoveStyle = 0; // ???
             move.iToX = point.x;
             move.iToY = point.y;
@@ -385,7 +388,7 @@ NPCPath* Transport::findApplicablePath(int32_t id, int32_t type, int taskID) {
 
 void Transport::constructPathNPC(int32_t id, NPCPath* path) {
     BaseNPC* npc = NPCManager::NPCs[id];
-    if (npc->type == EntityType::MOB)
+    if (npc->kind == EntityKind::MOB)
         ((Mob*)(npc))->staticPath = true;
     npc->loopingPath = path->isLoop;
 

src/Transport.hpp

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+#include "core/Core.hpp"
 
 #include <unordered_map>
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <queue>
 
 const int SLIDER_SPEED = 1200;
 const int SLIDER_STOP_TICKS = 16;

src/Vendors.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
 #include "Vendors.hpp"
+
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
 #include "Rand.hpp"
 
+// 7 days
+#define VEHICLE_EXPIRY_DURATION 604800
+
 using namespace Vendors;
 
 std::map<int32_t, std::vector<VendorListing>> Vendors::VendorTables;
@@ -53,8 +61,8 @@ static void vendorBuy(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
 
     // if vehicle
     if (req->Item.iType == 10) {
-        // set time limit: current time + 7days
+        // set time limit: current time + expiry duration
-        req->Item.iTimeLimit = getTimestamp() + 604800;
+        req->Item.iTimeLimit = getTimestamp() + VEHICLE_EXPIRY_DURATION;
     }
 
     if (slot != req->iInvenSlotNum) {
@@ -224,12 +232,20 @@ static void vendorTable(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     INITSTRUCT(sP_FE2CL_REP_PC_VENDOR_TABLE_UPDATE_SUCC, resp);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < (int)listings.size() && i < 20; i++) { // 20 is the max
-        sItemBase base;
+        sItemBase base = {};
         base.iID = listings[i].id;
-        base.iOpt = 0;
-        base.iTimeLimit = 0;
         base.iType = listings[i].type;
 
+        /*
+         * Set vehicle expiry value.
+         *
+         * Note: sItemBase.iTimeLimit in the context of vendor listings contains
+         * a duration, unlike in most other contexts where it contains the
+         * expiration timestamp.
+         */
+        if (listings[i].type == 10)
+            base.iTimeLimit = VEHICLE_EXPIRY_DURATION;
+
         sItemVendor vItem;
         vItem.item = base;
         vItem.iSortNum = listings[i].sort;

src/Vendors.hpp

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
 
-#include "Items.hpp"
+#include <vector>
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include <map>
 
 struct VendorListing {
     int sort, type, id;

src/core/CNProtocol.cpp

@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ int CNSocketEncryption::xorData(uint8_t* buffer, uint8_t* key, int size) {
 uint64_t CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey(uint64_t uTime, int32_t iv1, int32_t iv2) {
     uint64_t num = (uint64_t)(iv1 + 1);
     uint64_t num2 = (uint64_t)(iv2 + 1);
-    uint64_t dEKey = (uint64_t)(*(uint64_t*)&defaultKey[0]);
+    uint64_t dEKey;
+    memcpy(&dEKey, defaultKey, sizeof(dEKey));
     return dEKey * (uTime * num * num2);
 }
 
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ CNPacketData::CNPacketData(void *b, uint32_t t, int l, int trnum, void *trs):
 // ========================================================[[ CNSocket ]]========================================================
 
 CNSocket::CNSocket(SOCKET s, struct sockaddr_in &addr, PacketHandler ph): sock(s), sockaddr(addr), pHandler(ph) {
-    EKey = (uint64_t)(*(uint64_t*)&CNSocketEncryption::defaultKey[0]);
+    memcpy(&EKey, CNSocketEncryption::defaultKey, sizeof(EKey));
 }
 
 bool CNSocket::sendData(uint8_t* data, int size) {
@@ -109,7 +110,11 @@ bool CNSocket::isAlive() {
 }
 
 void CNSocket::kill() {
+    if (!alive)
+        return;
+
     alive = false;
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
     shutdown(sock, SD_BOTH);
     closesocket(sock);
@@ -241,9 +246,10 @@ void CNSocket::step() {
     if (readSize <= 0) {
         // we aren't reading a packet yet, try to start looking for one
         int recved = recv(sock, (buffer_t*)readBuffer, sizeof(int32_t), 0);
-        if (recved == 0) {
+        if (recved >= 0 && recved < sizeof(int32_t)) {
-            // the socket was closed normally
+            // too little data for readSize or the socket was closed normally (when 0 bytes were read)
             kill();
+            return;
         } else if (!SOCKETERROR(recved)) {
             // we got our packet size!!!!
             readSize = *((int32_t*)readBuffer);
@@ -264,11 +270,12 @@ void CNSocket::step() {
     }
 
     if (readSize > 0 && readBufferIndex < readSize) {
-        // read until the end of the packet! (or at least try too)
+        // read until the end of the packet (or at least try to)
         int recved = recv(sock, (buffer_t*)(readBuffer + readBufferIndex), readSize - readBufferIndex, 0);
         if (recved == 0) {
             // the socket was closed normally
             kill();
+            return;
         } else if (!SOCKETERROR(recved))
             readBufferIndex += recved;
         else if (OF_ERRNO != OF_EWOULD) {
@@ -411,9 +418,9 @@ void CNServer::addPollFD(SOCKET s) {
     fds.push_back({s, POLLIN});
 }
 
-void CNServer::removePollFD(int i) {
+void CNServer::removePollFD(int fd) {
     auto it = fds.begin();
-    while (it != fds.end() && it->fd != fds[i].fd)
+    while (it != fds.end() && it->fd != fd)
         it++;
     assert(it != fds.end());
 
@@ -458,7 +465,7 @@ void CNServer::start() {
                 if (!setSockNonblocking(sock, newConnectionSocket))
                     continue;
 
-                std::cout << "New connection! " << inet_ntoa(address.sin_addr) << std::endl;
+                std::cout << "New " << serverType << " connection! " << inet_ntoa(address.sin_addr) << std::endl;
 
                 addPollFD(newConnectionSocket);
 
@@ -473,10 +480,15 @@ void CNServer::start() {
             } else {
                 std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(activeCrit); // protect operations on connections
 
+                // halt packet handling if server is shutting down
+                if (!active)
+                    return;
+
                 // player sockets
                 if (connections.find(fds[i].fd) == connections.end()) {
-                    std::cout << "[WARN] Event on non-existant socket?" << std::endl;
+                    std::cout << "[FATAL] Event on non-existent socket: " << fds[i].fd << std::endl;
-                    continue; // just to be safe
+                    assert(0);
+                    /* not reached */
                 }
 
                 CNSocket* cSock = connections[fds[i].fd];
@@ -485,22 +497,29 @@ void CNServer::start() {
                 if (fds[i].revents & ~POLLIN)
                     cSock->kill();
 
-                if (cSock->isAlive()) {
+                if (cSock->isAlive())
                     cSock->step();
-                } else {
-                    killConnection(cSock);
-                    connections.erase(fds[i].fd);
-                    delete cSock;
-
-                    removePollFD(i);
-
-                    // a new entry was moved to this position, so we check it again
-                    i--;
-                }
             }
         }
 
         onStep();
+
+        // clean up dead connection sockets
+        auto it = connections.begin();
+        while (it != connections.end()) {
+            CNSocket *cSock = it->second;
+
+            if (!cSock->isAlive()) {
+                killConnection(cSock);
+                it = connections.erase(it);
+
+                removePollFD(cSock->sock);
+
+                delete cSock;
+            } else {
+                it++;
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 

src/core/CNProtocol.hpp

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ inline constexpr bool isOutboundPacketID(uint32_t id) {
 
 // overflow-safe validation of variable-length packets
 // for outbound packets
-inline constexpr bool validOutVarPacket(size_t base, int32_t npayloads, size_t plsize) {
+inline constexpr bool validOutVarPacket(size_t base, size_t npayloads, size_t plsize) {
     // check for multiplication overflow
     if (npayloads > 0 && (CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE - 8) / (size_t)npayloads < plsize)
         return false;
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ inline constexpr bool validOutVarPacket(size_t base, int32_t npayloads, size_t p
 }
 
 // for inbound packets
-inline constexpr bool validInVarPacket(size_t base, int32_t npayloads, size_t plsize, size_t datasize) {
+inline constexpr bool validInVarPacket(size_t base, size_t npayloads, size_t plsize, size_t datasize) {
     // check for multiplication overflow
     if (npayloads > 0 && (CN_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE - 8) / (size_t)npayloads < plsize)
         return false;
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@ protected:
     const size_t STARTFDSCOUNT = 8; // number of initial PollFD slots
     std::vector<PollFD> fds;
 
+    std::string serverType = "invalid";
     SOCKET sock;
     uint16_t port;
     socklen_t addressSize;

src/core/CNShared.cpp

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ void CNShared::pruneLoginMetadata(CNServer *serv, time_t currTime) {
         auto& sk = it->first;
         auto& lm = it->second;
 
-        if (lm->timestamp + CNSHARED_TIMEOUT > currTime) {
+        if (currTime > lm->timestamp + CNSHARED_TIMEOUT) {
             std::cout << "[WARN] Pruning hung connection attempt" << std::endl;
 
             // deallocate object and remove map entry

src/core/CNShared.hpp

@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@
 #include "Player.hpp"
 
 /*
- * Connecions time out after 15 minutes, checked every 30 seconds.
+ * Connecions time out after 5 minutes, checked every 30 seconds.
  */
-#define CNSHARED_TIMEOUT 900000
+#define CNSHARED_TIMEOUT 300000
 #define CNSHARED_PERIOD 30000
 
 struct LoginMetadata {
     uint64_t FEKey;
-    Player plr;
+    int32_t playerId;
     time_t timestamp;
 };
 

src/core/CNStructs.hpp

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <locale>
 #include <codecvt>
+#include <tuple>
 
 // yes this is ugly, but this is needed to zero out the memory so we don't have random stackdata in our structs.
 #define INITSTRUCT(T, x) T x; \

src/core/Defines.hpp

@@ -10,18 +10,40 @@ const float CN_EP_RANK_4 = 0.3f;
 const float CN_EP_RANK_5 = 0.29f;
 
 // methods of finding players for GM commands
-enum eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy {
+enum class eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy {
-    eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_ID, // player id
+    PC_ID, // player id
-    eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_Name, // firstname, lastname
+    PC_Name, // firstname, lastname
-    eCN_GM_TargetSearchBy__PC_UID // account id
+    PC_UID // account id
 };
 
-enum eCN_GM_TeleportType {
+enum class eCN_GM_TeleportType {
-    eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__XYZ,
+    XYZ,
-    eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__MapXYZ,
+    MapXYZ,
-    eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__MyLocation,
+    MyLocation,
-    eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__SomeoneLocation,
+    SomeoneLocation,
-    eCN_GM_TeleportMapType__Unstick
+    Unstick
+};
+
+enum class eTaskTypeProperty {
+    None = -1,
+    Talk = 1,
+    GotoLocation = 2,
+    UseItems = 3,
+    Delivery = 4,
+    Defeat = 5,
+    EscortDefence = 6,
+    Max = 7
+};
+
+enum class ePCRegenType {
+    None,
+    Xcom,
+    Here,
+    HereByPhoenix,
+    HereByPhoenixGroup,
+    Unstick,
+    HereByPhoenixItem,
+    End
 };
 
 // nano powers
@@ -96,6 +118,27 @@ enum {
     ECSTB__END = 26,
 };
 
+enum {
+	ETBU_NONE = 0,
+	ETBU_ADD = 1,
+	ETBU_DEL = 2,
+	ETBU_CHANGE = 3,
+    ETBU__END = 4,
+};
+
+enum  {
+	ETBT_NONE = 0,
+	ETBT_NANO = 1,
+	ETBT_GROUPNANO = 2,
+	ETBT_SHINY = 3,
+	ETBT_LANDEFFECT = 4,
+	ETBT_ITEM = 5,
+	ETBT_CASHITEM = 6,
+	ETBT__END = 7,
+	ETBT_SKILL = 1,
+	ETBT_GROUPSKILL = 2
+};
+
 enum {
     SUCC = 1,
     FAIL = 0,

src/core/Packets.hpp

@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ struct PacketDesc {
  * really should.
  */
 struct sGM_PVPTarget {
-    uint32_t eCT;
     uint32_t iID;
+    uint32_t eCT;
 };
 
 struct sSkillResult_Leech {

src/db/Database.hpp

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ namespace Database {
         uint64_t Timestamp;
     };
     
+    void init();
     void open();
     void close();
 
@@ -52,7 +53,8 @@ namespace Database {
     bool banPlayer(int playerId, std::string& reason);
     bool unbanPlayer(int playerId);
 
-    void updateSelected(int accountId, int playerId);
+    void updateSelected(int accountId, int slot);
+    void updateSelectedByPlayerId(int accountId, int playerId);
     
     bool validateCharacter(int characterID, int userID);
     bool isNameFree(std::string firstName, std::string lastName);
@@ -78,7 +80,9 @@ namespace Database {
 
     // getting players
     void getPlayer(Player* plr, int id);
+    bool _updatePlayer(Player *player);
     void updatePlayer(Player *player);
+    void commitTrade(Player *plr1, Player *plr2);
     
     // buddies
     int getNumBuddies(Player* player);
@@ -98,7 +102,7 @@ namespace Database {
     void deleteEmailAttachments(int playerID, int index, int slot);
     void deleteEmails(int playerID, int64_t* indices);
     int getNextEmailIndex(int playerID);
-    bool sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments);
+    bool sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments, Player *sender);
 
     // racing
     RaceRanking getTopRaceRanking(int epID, int playerID);

src/db/email.cpp

@@ -152,7 +152,8 @@ void Database::updateEmailContent(EmailData* data) {
     sqlite3_step(stmt);
     int attachmentsCount = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 0);
 
-    data->ItemFlag = (data->Taros > 0 || attachmentsCount > 0) ? 1 : 0; // set attachment flag dynamically
+    // set attachment flag dynamically
+    data->ItemFlag = (data->Taros > 0 || attachmentsCount > 0) ? 1 : 0;
 
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
 
@@ -265,7 +266,7 @@ int Database::getNextEmailIndex(int playerID) {
     return (index > 0 ? index + 1 : 1);
 }
 
-bool Database::sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments) {
+bool Database::sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments, Player *sender) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
 
     sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
@@ -330,6 +331,13 @@ bool Database::sendEmail(EmailData* data, std::vector<sItemBase> attachments) {
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+
+    if (!_updatePlayer(sender)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        return false;
+    }
+
     sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
     return true;
 }

src/db/init.cpp

@@ -236,7 +236,20 @@ static int getTableSize(std::string tableName) {
     return result;
 }
 
+void Database::init() {
+    std::cout << "[INFO] Built with libsqlite " SQLITE_VERSION << std::endl;
+
+    if (sqlite3_libversion_number() != SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER)
+        std::cout << "[INFO] Using libsqlite " << std::string(sqlite3_libversion()) << std::endl;
+
+    if (sqlite3_libversion_number() < MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE_NUMBER) {
+        std::cerr << "[FATAL] Runtime sqlite version too old. Minimum compatible version: " MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE << std::endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
 void Database::open() {
+
     // XXX: move locks here
     int rc = sqlite3_open(settings::DBPATH.c_str(), &db);
     if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {

src/db/internal.hpp

@@ -3,6 +3,15 @@
 #include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include <sqlite3.h>
 
+#define MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE_NUMBER 3033000
+#define MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE "3.33.0"
+// we can't use this in #error, since it doesn't expand macros
+
+// Compile-time libsqlite version check
+#if SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER < MIN_SUPPORTED_SQLITE_NUMBER
+#error libsqlite version too old. Minimum compatible version: 3.33.0
+#endif
+
 extern std::mutex dbCrit;
 extern sqlite3 *db;
 

src/db/login.cpp

@@ -79,6 +79,29 @@ void Database::updateSelected(int accountId, int slot) {
         std::cout << "[WARN] Database fail on updateSelected(): " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
 }
 
+void Database::updateSelectedByPlayerId(int accountId, int32_t playerId) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
+
+    const char* sql = R"(
+        UPDATE Accounts SET
+            Selected = p.Slot,
+            LastLogin = (strftime('%s', 'now'))
+        FROM (SELECT Slot From Players WHERE PlayerId = ?) AS p
+        WHERE AccountID = ?;
+        )";
+
+    sqlite3_stmt* stmt;
+
+    sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &stmt, NULL);
+    sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 1, playerId);
+    sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 2, accountId);
+    int rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+
+    if (rc != SQLITE_DONE)
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database fail on updateSelectedByPlayerId(): " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+}
+
 bool Database::validateCharacter(int characterID, int userID) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
 

src/db/player.cpp

@@ -285,11 +285,13 @@ void Database::getPlayer(Player* plr, int id) {
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
 }
 
-void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
+/*
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
+ * Low-level function to save a player to DB.
-
+ * Must be run in a SQL transaction and with dbCrit locked.
-    sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+ * The caller manages the transacstion, so if this function returns false,
-
+ * the caller must roll it back.
+ */
+bool Database::_updatePlayer(Player *player) {
     const char* sql = R"(
         UPDATE Players
         SET
@@ -336,10 +338,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
     sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 21, player->iID);
 
     if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
         sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        return false;
-        return;
     }
 
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
@@ -375,10 +375,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
 
         if (rc != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -395,10 +393,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 6, player->Inven[i].iTimeLimit);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -415,10 +411,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 6, player->Bank[i].iTimeLimit);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -451,10 +445,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 4, player->QInven[i].iID);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -487,10 +479,8 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 4, player->Nanos[i].iStamina);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
@@ -524,14 +514,47 @@ void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
         sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 5, player->RemainingNPCCount[i][2]);
 
         if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
-            std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
-            sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
             sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     }
 
-    sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
     sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void Database::updatePlayer(Player *player) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
+
+    sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+
+    if (!_updatePlayer(player)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+void Database::commitTrade(Player *plr1, Player *plr2) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(dbCrit);
+
+    sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+
+    if (!_updatePlayer(plr1)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!_updatePlayer(plr2)) {
+        std::cout << "[WARN] Database: Failed to save player to database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
+        sqlite3_exec(db, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
 }

src/main.cpp

@@ -98,6 +98,9 @@ void initsignals() {
 }
 
 int main() {
+    std::cout << "[INFO] OpenFusion v" GIT_VERSION << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "[INFO] Protocol version: " << PROTOCOL_VERSION << std::endl;
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
     WSADATA wsaData;
     if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1, 1), &wsaData) != 0) {
@@ -105,15 +108,15 @@ int main() {
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
 #endif
+
     initsignals();
     settings::init();
-
+    Database::init();
-    std::cout << "[INFO] OpenFusion v" GIT_VERSION << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "[INFO] Protocol version: " << PROTOCOL_VERSION << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "[INFO] Intializing Packet Managers..." << std::endl;
-
     Rand::init(getTime());
     TableData::init();
+
+    std::cout << "[INFO] Intializing Packet Managers..." << std::endl;
+
     PlayerManager::init();
     PlayerMovement::init();
     BuiltinCommands::init();
@@ -132,9 +135,10 @@ int main() {
     Email::init();
     Groups::init();
     Racing::init();
-    Database::open();
     Trading::init();
 
+    Database::open();
+
     switch (settings::EVENTMODE) {
     case 0: break; // no event
     case 1: std::cout << "[INFO] Event active. Hey, Hey It's Knishmas!" << std::endl; break;

src/sandbox/seccomp.cpp

@@ -153,15 +153,18 @@ static sock_filter filter[] = {
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(read),
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(write),
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(close),
-#if __NR_stat
+#ifdef __NR_stat
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(stat),
 #endif
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(fstat),
+#ifdef __NR_newfstatat
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(newfstatat),
+#endif
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(fsync), // maybe
-#if __NR_creat
+#ifdef __NR_creat
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(creat), // maybe; for DB journal
 #endif
-#if __NR_unlink
+#ifdef __NR_unlink
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(unlink), // for DB journal
 #endif
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(lseek), // musl-libc; alt DB
@@ -192,6 +195,9 @@ static sock_filter filter[] = {
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(exit_group),
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(rt_sigprocmask), // musl-libc
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(clock_nanosleep), // gets called very rarely
+#ifdef __NR_rseq
+    ALLOW_SYSCALL(rseq),
+#endif
 
     // to crash properly on SIGSEGV
     DENY_SYSCALL_ERRNO(tgkill, EPERM),
@@ -274,7 +280,7 @@ static sock_filter filter[] = {
 #endif
 
     // AArch64 (ARM64)
-#if __NR_unlinkat
+#ifdef __NR_unlinkat
     ALLOW_SYSCALL(unlinkat),
 #endif
 #ifdef __NR_fstatat64

src/servers/CNLoginServer.cpp

@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
 #include "servers/CNLoginServer.hpp"
+
 #include "core/CNShared.hpp"
 #include "db/Database.hpp"
-#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
-#include "Items.hpp"
-#include <regex>
 #include "bcrypt/BCrypt.hpp"
 
+#include "PlayerManager.hpp"
+#include "Items.hpp"
 #include "settings.hpp"
 
+#include <regex>
+
 std::map<CNSocket*, CNLoginData> CNLoginServer::loginSessions;
 
 CNLoginServer::CNLoginServer(uint16_t p) {
+    serverType = "login";
     port = p;
     pHandler = &CNLoginServer::handlePacket;
     init();
@@ -208,9 +211,12 @@ void CNLoginServer::login(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     // send the resp in with original key
     sock->sendPacket(resp, P_LS2CL_REP_LOGIN_SUCC);
 
+    uint64_t defaultKey;
+    memcpy(&defaultKey, CNSocketEncryption::defaultKey, sizeof(defaultKey));
+
     // update keys
     sock->setEKey(CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey(resp.uiSvrTime, resp.iCharCount + 1, resp.iSlotNum + 1));
-    sock->setFEKey(CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey((uint64_t)(*(uint64_t*)&CNSocketEncryption::defaultKey[0]), login->iClientVerC, 1));
+    sock->setFEKey(CNSocketEncryption::createNewKey(defaultKey, login->iClientVerC, 1));
 
     DEBUGLOG(
         std::cout << "Login Server: Login success. Welcome " << userLogin << " [" << loginSessions[sock].userID << "]" << std::endl;
@@ -471,11 +477,7 @@ void CNLoginServer::characterSelect(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     LoginMetadata *lm = new LoginMetadata();
     lm->FEKey = sock->getFEKey();
     lm->timestamp = getTime();
-
+    lm->playerId = selection->iPC_UID;
-    Database::getPlayer(&lm->plr, selection->iPC_UID);
-    // this should never happen but for extra safety
-    if (lm->plr.iID == 0)
-        return invalidCharacter(sock);
 
     resp.iEnterSerialKey = Rand::cryptoRand();
 
@@ -485,7 +487,7 @@ void CNLoginServer::characterSelect(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {
     sock->sendPacket(resp, P_LS2CL_REP_SHARD_SELECT_SUCC);
 
     // update current slot in DB
-    Database::updateSelected(loginSessions[sock].userID, lm->plr.slot);
+    Database::updateSelectedByPlayerId(loginSessions[sock].userID, selection->iPC_UID);
 }
 
 void CNLoginServer::finishTutorial(CNSocket* sock, CNPacketData* data) {

src/servers/CNLoginServer.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
+
 #include "Player.hpp"
 
 #include <map>

src/servers/CNShardServer.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
+#include "core/CNShared.hpp"
 #include "db/Database.hpp"
 #include "servers/Monitor.hpp"
-#include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "MobAI.hpp"
-#include "core/CNShared.hpp"
 #include "settings.hpp"
 #include "TableData.hpp" // for flush()
 
@@ -16,6 +18,7 @@ std::map<uint32_t, PacketHandler> CNShardServer::ShardPackets;
 std::list<TimerEvent> CNShardServer::Timers;
 
 CNShardServer::CNShardServer(uint16_t p) {
+    serverType = "shard";
     port = p;
     pHandler = &CNShardServer::handlePacket;
     REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(keepAliveTimer, 4000);
@@ -115,6 +118,10 @@ void CNShardServer::kill() {
 void CNShardServer::onStep() {
     time_t currTime = getTime();
 
+    // do not evaluate timers if the server is shutting down
+    if (!active)
+        return;
+
     for (TimerEvent& event : Timers) {
         if (event.scheduledEvent == 0) {
             // event hasn't been queued yet, go ahead and do that

src/servers/CNShardServer.hpp

@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
 
 #include <map>
+#include <list>
 
 #define REGISTER_SHARD_PACKET(pactype, handlr) CNShardServer::ShardPackets[pactype] = handlr;
 #define REGISTER_SHARD_TIMER(handlr, delta) CNShardServer::Timers.push_back(TimerEvent(handlr, delta));
+#define MS_PER_PLAYER_TICK 500
 
 class CNShardServer : public CNServer {
 private:

src/servers/Monitor.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+#include "servers/Monitor.hpp"
+
 #include "servers/CNShardServer.hpp"
+
 #include "PlayerManager.hpp"
 #include "Chat.hpp"
 #include "Email.hpp"
-#include "servers/Monitor.hpp"
 #include "settings.hpp"
 
 #include <cstdio>

src/servers/Monitor.hpp

@@ -2,9 +2,6 @@
 
 #include "core/Core.hpp"
 
-#include <list>
-#include <mutex>
-
 namespace Monitor {
     SOCKET init();
     bool acceptConnection(SOCKET, uint16_t);

src/settings.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-#include <iostream>
+
 #include "settings.hpp"
+
+#include "core/CNStructs.hpp" // so we get the ACADEMY definition
 #include "INIReader.hpp"
 
-// so we get the ACADEMY definition
+#include <iostream>
-#include "core/CNStructs.hpp"
 
 // defaults :)
 int settings::VERBOSITY = 1;
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ bool settings::LOCALHOSTWORKAROUND = true;
 time_t settings::TIMEOUT = 60000;
 int settings::VIEWDISTANCE = 25600;
 bool settings::SIMULATEMOBS = true;
+bool settings::ANTICHEAT = true;
 
 // default spawn point
 #ifndef ACADEMY
@@ -108,6 +110,7 @@ void settings::init() {
     ACCLEVEL = reader.GetInteger("shard", "accountlevel", ACCLEVEL);
     EVENTMODE = reader.GetInteger("shard", "eventmode", EVENTMODE);
     DISABLEFIRSTUSEFLAG = reader.GetBoolean("shard", "disablefirstuseflag", DISABLEFIRSTUSEFLAG);
+    ANTICHEAT = reader.GetBoolean("shard", "anticheat", ANTICHEAT);
     MONITORENABLED = reader.GetBoolean("monitor", "enabled", MONITORENABLED);
     MONITORPORT = reader.GetInteger("monitor", "port", MONITORPORT);
     MONITORINTERVAL = reader.GetInteger("monitor", "interval", MONITORINTERVAL);

src/settings.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <string>
+
 namespace settings {
     extern int VERBOSITY;
     extern bool SANDBOX;
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ namespace settings {
     extern int SHARDPORT;
     extern std::string SHARDSERVERIP;
     extern bool LOCALHOSTWORKAROUND;
+    extern bool ANTICHEAT;
     extern time_t TIMEOUT;
     extern int VIEWDISTANCE;
     extern bool SIMULATEMOBS;

tdata

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 8230fb8649d6da8de71e918c24efbb55d1c08a88
+Subproject commit cc65dbb402b5baa2b604ed66132edd88cc82a52a

vendor/JSON.hpp

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 SOFTWARE.
 */
 
+#pragma once
+
 #ifndef INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_
 #define INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_